थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर क्या हैं और किसी एक को चुनने से पहले आपको 4 सबसे महत्वपूर्ण बातें पता होनी चाहिए?

थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर क्या हैं?

थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर ऐसे उपकरण हैं जो मिलीवोल्ट में सटीक थर्मोकपल सेंसर सिग्नल को अंतिम डिस्प्ले या नियंत्रण डिवाइस तक संचारित करने के लिए जिम्मेदार होते हैं। विभिन्न थर्मोकपल सेंसर को सेंसर में प्रयुक्त मिश्र धातु के प्रकार, थर्मोकपल तारों की पहचान और मिलान के लिए विशिष्ट रंग कोडिंग और अंत में कार्यात्मक तापमान सीमा जिस पर विशिष्ट थर्मोकपल काम करता है, के आधार पर संगत थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर की आवश्यकता होती है। इससे पहले कि आप अपने थर्मोकपल डिवाइस के लिए सही प्रकार के थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर का चयन करें, आपको निम्नलिखित के बारे में पता होना चाहिए:

  • थर्मोकपल मिश्रसबसे सटीक माप के लिए, कनेक्टर के अंदर थर्मोकपल पिन को लीड तारों या थर्मोकपल सेंसर तारों से मेल खाना चाहिए। आपको यहां ध्यान देना चाहिए कि प्राथमिक कनेक्टर्स में थर्मोकपल मिश्र धातुओं के 9 विभिन्न प्रकार के अंशांकन उपलब्ध हैं। बेस मेटल थर्मोकपल में आम तौर पर जे, के, टी, और एन प्रकार के अंशांकन होते हैं जो व्यापक रूप से उपयोग किए जाने वाले डिज़ाइन हैं।
  • रंग कोडथर्मोकपल कनेक्टर को आसानी से पहचानने और सेंसर और थर्मोकपल तार से सटीक मिलान करने के लिए विशिष्ट प्रकार के थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर के लिए विशिष्ट रंग कोड होते हैं। आपको इस अवधारणा को समग्रता में समझने के लिए निर्माता द्वारा प्रदान किए गए मैनुअल का संदर्भ लेना चाहिए क्योंकि यूएसए एएनएसआई कलर कोडिंग और इंटरनेशनल इलेक्ट्रोटेक्निकल कमीशन कलर कोडिंग सिस्टम जैसे विभिन्न अंतरराष्ट्रीय रंग कोडिंग सिस्टम के कारण यह कभीकभी बहुत भ्रमित करने वाला हो सकता है।
  • कार्यात्मक तापमानमिश्र धातु पिन और थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर बॉडी सामग्री सही थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर का चयन करते समय एक महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाते हैं, जो कार्यात्मक तापमान की सीमा के आधार पर उन्हें संचालित करने के लिए आवश्यक है।
    • थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर के धातु मिश्र धातु पिन शून्य से 2000 एफ तक के तापमान रेंज के बीच इष्टतम ढंग से काम करने में सक्षम हैं।
    • थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर बॉडी सामग्री मुख्य कारक है जो कार्यात्मक तापमान सीमा निर्धारित करने में मदद करती है जहां यह कुशलतापूर्वक और सटीक रूप से काम कर सकती है।
    • आमतौर पर थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर बॉडी सामग्री और पिन या तो सिरेमिक, थर्मोसेट या थर्मोप्लास्टिक्स से बने होते हैं, जो सभी एक विशिष्ट कार्यात्मक तापमान रेंज पर काम करते हैं, यानी -40 एफ से 1200 एफ तक।

चयन से पहले 4 सबसे महत्वपूर्ण बातें जो पता होनी चाहिए

आपकी औद्योगिक प्रक्रिया के लिए सर्वश्रेष्ठ थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर चुनने से पहले विचार करने योग्य 5 सबसे महत्वपूर्ण बातें!

  1. यांत्रिक स्थायित्व: थर्मोप्लास्टिक्स से बने थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर सभी प्रकार के उद्योगों में सबसे अधिक उपयोग किए जाते हैं जहां उनके उच्च यांत्रिक स्थायित्व के कारण अत्यधिक सटीक तापमान माप की आवश्यकता होती है। वे -40 से 400 एफ और इससे ऊपर के बीच संचालित करने के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त हैं।
  2. उच्च तापमान के निरंतर संपर्क: जब आपको 500 एफ से 800 एफ की निरंतर उच्च तापमान सीमा पर कुशलतापूर्वक काम करने के लिए एक कनेक्टर की आवश्यकता होती है, तो थर्मोसेट से बना थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर एक उत्कृष्ट विकल्प होगा।
  3. उच्चतम ऑपरेटिंग रेंज: थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर जो उच्चतम तापमान ऑपरेटिंग रेंज के लिए सबसे अच्छा काम करते हैं, वे उच्च गुणवत्ता वाले सिरेमिक से बने होते हैं। वे -20 से लेकर 1200 F तक के तापमान रेंज के बीच कुशलता से काम कर सकते हैं। ऐसे कनेक्टर वैक्यूम आधारित अनुप्रयोगों में भी कुशलता से काम करते हैं।
  4. आकार: आपकी प्रक्रिया की आवश्यकता और डिज़ाइन के आधार पर, आपके पास गोलाकार या आयताकार आकार के कनेक्टर का चयन करने का विकल्प होता है जो लघु डिज़ाइन और मानक बॉडी डिज़ाइन दोनों में उपलब्ध है।

हीटकॉन सेंसर – उच्च गुणवत्ता वाले थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर्स का विश्व स्तर पर मान्यता प्राप्त निर्माता!

यदि आप अपनी औद्योगिक प्रक्रिया के लिए उच्च गुणवत्ता वाला थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर खरीदना चाह रहे हैं या यदि आप सर्वश्रेष्ठ थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर का चयन करने के अपने विकल्पों को लेकर भ्रमित हैं जो आपकी सभी प्रक्रिया आवश्यकताओं को पूरा करेगा, तो आप हीटकॉन सेंसर्स के इंजीनियरों की उच्च विशेषज्ञ टीम से संपर्क कर सकते हैं। जो इस संबंध में आपके सभी प्रश्नों का उत्तर देगा और आपको सर्वोत्तम जानकारीपूर्ण निर्णय लेने में मदद करेगा।

 

 

 

आपके उपयोग के लिए सही प्रकार के रासायनिक विसर्जन हीटर का चयन करते समय विचार करने योग्य शीर्ष 7 कारक!

रासायनिक विसर्जन हीटर क्या हैं?

रासायनिक विसर्जन हीटर ऐसे उपकरण हैं जिनका उपयोग तरल पदार्थों को गर्म करने के लिए किया जाता है। आम तौर पर ऐसे रासायनिक विसर्जन हीटर स्टेनलेस स्टील जैसी संक्षारण प्रतिरोधी सामग्री से बने होते हैं। आमतौर पर उनके पास एक हीटिंग तत्व होता है जिसे गर्म करने के लिए तरल में डुबोया जाता है। हीटर का उपयोग अक्सर औद्योगिक और वाणिज्यिक अनुप्रयोगों में किया जाता है, जैसे कि रासायनिक प्रसंस्करण संयंत्रों में।

आपको अपने औद्योगिक अनुप्रयोगों के लिए रासायनिक विसर्जन हीटर का उपयोग कैसे करना चाहिए?

उनका उचित उपयोग करने के लिए, यह समझना महत्वपूर्ण है कि रासायनिक विसर्जन हीटर कैसे काम करते हैं और क्या सावधानियां बरतनी चाहिए। विसर्जन हीटर किसी तरल पदार्थ को सीधे गर्म करके काम करते हैं। यह या तो हीटर के माध्यम से तरल पदार्थ प्रसारित करके या हीटर को तरल पदार्थ में डुबो कर किया जा सकता है। किसी भी तरह से, गर्म होने के लिए तरल पदार्थ को हीटिंग तत्व के संपर्क में होना चाहिए।

औद्योगिक उपयोग के लिए उपलब्ध सबसे सामान्य प्रकार के इमर्शन हीटर!

कई अलगअलग प्रकार के इमर्शन हीटर उपलब्ध हैं, जिनमें से प्रत्येक के अपने गुण और दोष हैं। आपके द्वारा उपयोग किए जाने वाले हीटर का प्रकार विशिष्ट अनुप्रयोग पर निर्भर करेगा। विसर्जन हीटरों के कुछ सबसे सामान्य प्रकारों में निम्नलिखित शामिल हैं:

  • एलिमेंट हीटर: एलिमेंट हीटर विसर्जन हीटर का सबसे बुनियादी प्रकार हैं। इनमें एक हीटिंग तत्व होता है जो तरल पदार्थ में डूबा होता है। तत्व आमतौर पर धातु से बना होता है, जैसे स्टेनलेस स्टील।
  • कॉइल हीटर: कॉइल हीटर एलिमेंट हीटर के समान होते हैं, लेकिन उनमें एकल तत्व के बजाय टयूबिंग का कॉइल होता है। यह बेहतर गर्मी हस्तांतरण और अधिक कुशल हीटिंग की अनुमति देता है।
  • ट्यूब हीटर: ट्यूब हीटर विसर्जन हीटर का सबसे कुशल प्रकार हैं। इनमें एक ट्यूब होती है जो तरल पदार्थ में डूबी होती है। ट्यूब आमतौर पर स्टेनलेस स्टील या अन्य प्रकार की धातु से बनी होती है।

क्या सावधानी बरतें?

इमर्शन हीटर का उपयोग करते समय दुर्घटनाओं को रोकने के लिए सावधानी बरतना महत्वपूर्ण है। सबसे आम प्रकार की दुर्घटना अत्यधिक गर्मी है, जो आग या विस्फोट का कारण बन सकती है। यह सुनिश्चित करना भी महत्वपूर्ण है कि गर्म किया जा रहा तरल पदार्थ हीटर के अनुकूल है। कुछ तरल पदार्थ, जैसे पानी, हीटिंग तत्व को नुकसान पहुंचा सकते हैं।

आपके उपयोग के लिए सही प्रकार के रासायनिक विसर्जन हीटर का चयन करते समय विचार करने योग्य शीर्ष 7 कारक!

जब आपके उपयोग के लिए सही प्रकार के रासायनिक विसर्जन हीटर को खोजने की बात आती है, तो ध्यान में रखने के लिए कुछ महत्वपूर्ण कारक हैं। यहां शीर्ष 7 कारकों की सूची दी गई है जिन पर आपको विचार करना चाहिए:

  1. गर्म होने वाले तरल पदार्थ का प्रकार: रासायनिक विसर्जन हीटर चुनते समय विचार करने के लिए यह सबसे महत्वपूर्ण कारक है। अलगअलग तरल पदार्थों की हीटिंग आवश्यकताएं अलगअलग होती हैं, इसलिए ऐसे हीटर का चयन करना महत्वपूर्ण है जो विशेष रूप से आपके द्वारा उपयोग किए जा रहे तरल पदार्थ के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया हो।
  2. आपको जो तापमान प्राप्त करने की आवश्यकता है: एक ऐसे हीटर का चयन करना सुनिश्चित करें जो आपके आवेदन के लिए वांछित तापमान तक पहुंच सके।
  3. हीटर का आकार और आकार: हीटर का आकार उस कंटेनर के आकार से निर्धारित किया जाएगा जिसमें इसका उपयोग किया जाएगा। ऐसा हीटर चुनना सुनिश्चित करें जो आपके कंटेनर के आयामों में फिट बैठता हो।
  4. वाट क्षमता: यह हीटर की शक्ति का एक माप है और गर्म किए जाने वाले तरल पदार्थ के आकार और प्रकार से निर्धारित किया जाएगा। अपने उपयोग के लिए उपयुक्त वाट क्षमता वाले हीटर का चयन करना सुनिश्चित करें।
  5. सामग्री: हीटर की सामग्री गर्म किए जाने वाले तरल पदार्थ के अनुकूल होनी चाहिए। अपना चयन करने से पहले अनुकूलता की जांच अवश्य कर लें।
  6. कीमत: इमर्शन हीटर की कीमत में काफी भिन्नता हो सकती है, इसलिए ऐसा हीटर चुनना महत्वपूर्ण है जो आपके बजट के अनुकूल हो।
  7. वारंटी: अपने निवेश के संबंध में किसी प्रकार की मानसिक शांति पाने के लिए, अपना अंतिम चयन करने से पहले विसर्जन हीटर की वारंटी की जांच करना सुनिश्चित करें।

रासायनिक विसर्जन हीटर चुनते समय इन कारकों को ध्यान में रखें और आप अपने आवेदन के लिए सही हीटर का चयन करना सुनिश्चित करेंगे। यदि आप अपने चयन के बारे में अनिश्चित हैं, तो सर्वोत्तम गुणवत्ता वाले रासायनिक विसर्जन हीटर के अग्रणी निर्माता, हीटकॉन सेंसर्स के विशेषज्ञों को कॉल करें।

 

 

थर्मोकपल के लिए एक व्यापक गाइड: प्रकार और चयन

थर्मोकपल के लिए गाइड 

थर्मोकपल मौलिक तापमान सेंसर होते हैं जिनका उपयोग विभिन्न उद्योगों में विभिन्न तापमान सीमाओं को मापने के लिए व्यापक रूप से किया जाता है। उनकी बहुमुखी प्रतिभा, विश्वसनीयता और स्थायित्व उन्हें औद्योगिक प्रक्रियाओं से लेकर वैज्ञानिक अनुसंधान अनुप्रयोगों तक अपरिहार्य बनाती है। आज उपलब्ध विभिन्न प्रकार के थर्मोकपल को समझना और सही तापमान माप के लिए सही थर्मोकपल का चयन करना महत्वपूर्ण है। तो, यहां थर्मोकपल के लिए एक व्यापक मार्गदर्शिका दी गई है।

थर्मोकपल को समझना: एक व्यापक अवलोकन

तापमान माप के क्षेत्र में, थर्मोकपल वे महत्वपूर्ण उपकरण होते हैं जो बहुमुखी, टिकाऊ और व्यापक रूप से उपयोग किए जाने वाले सेंसर के रूप में सामने आते हैं। वे सीबेक प्रभाव के सिद्धांत पर कार्य करते हैं, जिसमें तापमान भिन्नता के जवाब में 2 अलगअलग धातुओं के जंक्शन द्वारा एक वोल्टेज उत्पन्न होता है। विभिन्न प्रकार के थर्मोकपल हैं, जिनमें से कुछ विशिष्ट तापमान सीमाओं के साथसाथ वातावरण के लिए भी उपयुक्त हैं।

थर्मोकपल के प्रकार

  • बीप्रकार के थर्मोकपल: बीप्रकार के थर्मोकपल का उपयोग अक्सर उच्च तापमान वाले वातावरण में किया जाता है। प्लैटिनमरोडियम मिश्र धातु (PtRh30-PtRh6) के साथ डिज़ाइन किए गए, ये बीप्रकार के थर्मोकपल 1700 डिग्री सेल्सियस तक मापने वाले अत्यधिक उच्च तापमान परिदृश्यों को पूरा करते हैं, जो उन्हें रासायनिक और अर्धचालक उद्योगों में अनुप्रयोगों के लिए उपयुक्त बनाते हैं। वे एयरोस्पेस, सेमीकंडक्टर विनिर्माण और कुछ प्रयोगशाला अनुप्रयोगों जैसे उद्योगों में भी उत्कृष्टता प्राप्त करते हैं।
  • आरप्रकार के थर्मोकपल: आरप्रकार के थर्मोकपल में प्लैटिनमरोडियम मिश्र धातु (PtRh13-Pt) होता है और यह 1600°C तक तापमान सहन कर सकता है। अपनी उच्च सटीकता और अच्छी स्थिरता के लिए जाने जाते हैं वे आमतौर पर प्रयोगशालाओं, औद्योगिक सेटिंग्स और रिफाइनिंग प्रक्रियाओं आदि में पाए जाते हैं। सटीकता के बावजूद, ये आरप्रकार के थर्मोकपल हजारों डिग्री से ऊपर के तापमान पर अत्यधिक प्रतिक्रियाशील हो जाते हैं और खराब हो सकते हैं। आसानी से दूषित हो सकते हैं। इसलिए, उनकी सटीकता और स्थिरता का कम तापमान वाली गतिविधियों जैसे सल्फर रिकवरी इकाइयों आदि में बेहतर उपयोग किया जाता है।
  • एसप्रकार के थर्मोकपल: आरप्रकार के थर्मोकपल के समान, ये एसप्रकार के थर्मोकपल प्लैटिनमरोडियम मिश्र धातु (PtRh10-Pt) का उपयोग करते हैं और उच्च तापमान का सामना करते हैं। इन्हें मुख्य रूप से 1600 डिग्री सेल्सियस तक मापने वाले उच्च तापमान अनुप्रयोगों में नियोजित किया जाता है। उनके अनुप्रयोगों में धातुकर्म, धातु शोधन सिरेमिक, चिकित्सा उद्योग और उच्च तापमान वाली रासायनिक प्रक्रियाएं शामिल हैं।
  • प्रकार के थर्मोकपल: क्रोमेल (90% निकल और 10% क्रोमियम) और कॉन्स्टेंटन (45% निकल और 55% तांबा) की विशेषता वाले, प्रकार के थर्मोकपल एक व्यापक तापमान रेंज (-270 डिग्री सेल्सियस से 1000 डिग्री सेल्सियस) को कवर करते हैं। ये बहुत लागत प्रभावी भी हैं. वे एचवीएसी सिस्टम, खाद्य प्रसंस्करण और प्रयोगशाला उपकरणों में उपयोग के लिए आदर्श हैं। इन प्रकार के थर्मोकपल में उच्च आउटपुट, तेज़ प्रतिक्रिया समय और गैरचुंबकत्व होता है। ये विशेषताएँ उन्हें क्रायोजेनिक्स, विमान और प्रवाह कक्षों आदि में उपयोग के लिए उपयुक्त बनाता है।
  • जेप्रकार के थर्मोकपल: लौह और कॉन्स्टेंटन मिश्र धातुओं से युक्त, जेप्रकार के थर्मोकपल एक मध्यम तापमान रेंज (-210 डिग्री सेल्सियस से 1200 डिग्री सेल्सियस) प्रदान करते हैं। उनकी लागतप्रभावशीलता और बहुमुखी प्रतिभा उन्हें विभिन्न औद्योगिक और घरेलू अनुप्रयोगों के लिए उपयुक्त बनाती है। इसलिए, उनकी सामर्थ्य और मध्यम तापमान सीमा के कारण इनका उपयोग आमतौर पर औद्योगिक अनुप्रयोगों और घरेलू उपकरणों में किया जाता है। इन जेप्रकारों का उपयोग आमतौर पर तारों पर बनने वाले संघनन के कारण परिवेश के तापमान के नीचे नहीं किया जाता है क्योंकि इससे लोहे में जंग लग जाती है। इसलिए, इनमें केप्रकार की तुलना में उच्च तापमान पर छोटी तापमान सीमा और कम जीवनकाल होता है।
  • एनप्रकार के थर्मोकपल: एनप्रकार के थर्मोकपल में निकलक्रोमियमसिलिकॉन और निकलसिलिकॉनमैग्नीशियम मिश्र धातु होते हैं। -270°C से 1300°C की तापमान सीमा के साथ, वे उच्च तापमान ऑक्सीकरण के लिए उत्कृष्ट प्रतिरोध प्रदान करते हैं। उच्च तापमान ऑक्सीकरण के प्रति उनके प्रतिरोध के कारण, वे अक्सर एयरोस्पेस और परमाणु उद्योगों में अपना अनुप्रयोग पाते हैं। केप्रकार की प्रतिद्वंद्वी सटीकता और कीमत बिंदु को देखते हुए, इन एनप्रकार को आरप्रकार और एसप्रकार के लिए बेहतर विकल्प माना जाता है।  
  • केप्रकार के थर्मोकपल: सबसे व्यापक रूप से उपयोग किए जाने वाले थर्मोकपल में से एक, केप्रकार के थर्मोकपल क्रोमेल और एलुमेल मिश्र धातुओं का उपयोग करते हैं। वे व्यापक तापमान रेंज (-270°C से 1372°C) को कवर करते हैं। वे अपनी विस्तृत तापमान सीमा और विश्वसनीयता के कारण उत्पादन, ऑटोमोटिव और एचवीएसी सिस्टम में उपयोग के लिए व्यापक रूप से उपयुक्त हैं। हालांकि ये सटीक हो सकते हैं, फिर भी 750 के आसपास और उससे ऊपर के तापमान के लिए उपयोग किए जाने पर इन्हें पुन: अंशांकन की आवश्यकता होती है। यदि संक्षारक प्रतिरोध प्राथमिक चिंता का विषय हो तो उत्कृष्ट धातु प्रकार वैकल्पिक होते हैं। ये विश्वसनीय, लागतकुशल और विस्तृत तापमान सीमा के साथ सटीक हैं।
  • टीप्रकार के थर्मोकपल: तांबे और कॉन्स्टेंटन मिश्र धातुओं से बने, टीप्रकार के थर्मोकपल -270 डिग्री सेल्सियस से 400 डिग्री सेल्सियस तक तापमान सीमा को कवर करते हैं। वे काफी स्थिर हैं और -59 से 370 (-75 से +700) के बीच सबसे अच्छा काम करते हैं, जो उन्हें क्रायोजेनिक्स और अल्ट्रालो फ्रीजर जैसी कम तापमान वाली प्रयोगशाला प्रक्रियाओं के लिए सबसे अच्छा विकल्प बनाता है। ये टीप्रकार -200 और 200 के बीच के माप के अनुरूप हैं। ये विघटनप्रतिरोधी भी हैं! इसलिए, संक्षारण प्रतिरोधी होने के कारण, इन प्रकारों का उपयोग आमतौर पर खाद्य उद्योग, फार्मास्यूटिकल्स और एचवीएसी अनुप्रयोगों में किया जाता है।

अपनी विशिष्ट आवश्यकता के लिए सर्वोत्तम थर्मोकपल का चयन करना!

थर्मोकपल उद्योगों की एक विस्तृत श्रृंखला में अपरिहार्य तापमान सेंसर के रूप में काम करते हैं। सटीक तापमान माप और नियंत्रण के लिए उपलब्ध विभिन्न प्रकारों को समझना और अपने आवेदन के लिए सही प्रकार का चयन करना महत्वपूर्ण है। सटीक तापमान माप विभिन्न उद्योगों में प्रक्रियाओं की दक्षता और सुरक्षा पर महत्वपूर्ण प्रभाव डालता है। इसलिए, उपयुक्त थर्मोकपल के संबंध में एक सूचित विकल्प बनाना आवश्यक है। उपयुक्त थर्मोकपल का चयन करने में कई कारकों पर विचार करना शामिल है, जो नीचे दिए गए हैं:

  • तापमान की रेंज
  • पर्यावरण की स्थिति
  • सटीकता परिशुद्धता
  • लागत एवं स्थायित्व

अपनी थर्मोकपल आवश्यकताओं के लिए हीटकॉन सेंसर से संपर्क करें

निष्कर्ष में, थर्मोकपल कई उद्योगों में तापमान माप में एक अभिन्न भूमिका निभाते हैं। सटीक और विश्वसनीय तापमान रीडिंग प्राप्त करने के लिए उपलब्ध विभिन्न प्रकारों को समझना और अपने आवेदन के लिए सही प्रकार का चयन करना आवश्यक है। सटीक तापमान माप के लिए आपके विशिष्ट अनुप्रयोग के लिए सही थर्मोकपल चुनना महत्वपूर्ण है। उपलब्ध थर्मोकपल प्रकारों की एक विस्तृत श्रृंखला के साथ, उद्योग विशेषज्ञ, हीटकॉन सेंसर्स तक पहुंचने से, आप यह सुनिश्चित कर सकते हैं कि आप अपनी आवश्यकताओं के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त सेंसर का चयन करें। तापमान माप तकनीक में हीटकॉन की विशेषज्ञता आपको सर्वोत्तम प्रदर्शन और विश्वसनीयता सुनिश्चित करते हुए सर्वोत्तम उत्पाद तक पहुंचने में मदद कर सकती है। जब आपके विशिष्ट उपयोग के लिए सही थर्मोकपल का चयन करने की बात आती है, तो हीटकॉन सेंसर आपकी मदद कर सकता है! इसलिए, हीटकॉन सेंसर्स के अनुभवी पेशेवरों से संपर्क करने से प्रक्रिया आसान हो सकती है, जिससे यह सुनिश्चित होगा कि आपको अपनी विशिष्ट आवश्यकताओं को पूरा करने के लिए सही थर्मोकपल मिल जाए। याद रखें, कई उद्योगों में सटीक तापमान माप महत्वपूर्ण है, और सही थर्मोकपल विकल्प आपकी प्रक्रियाओं की दक्षता और विश्वसनीयता में महत्वपूर्ण अंतर ला सकता है।

नोबल मेटल थर्मोकपल क्यों और कैसे महत्वपूर्ण हैं?

थर्मोकपल ऐसे उपकरण हैं जिनका उपयोग आमतौर पर औद्योगिक सेटिंग्स में उच्चतम क्रम के तापमान को मापने के लिए किया जाता है जहां वस्तुओं को अत्यधिक उच्च तापमान पर गर्म करने की आवश्यकता होती है। ये थर्मोकपल या तापमान सेंसर दो अलगअलग धातुओं से बने होते हैं जो तापमान को मापने के लिए एक विशेष जंक्शन पर मिलते हैं। दोनों धातुओं का ताप से अलगअलग संबंध होता है, इसलिए जब इस जंक्शन को गर्म किया जाता है, तो एक वोल्टेज उत्पन्न होता है। तापमान निर्धारित करने के लिए इस वोल्टेज को मापा जा सकता है।

नोबल मेटल थर्मोकपल अन्य धातुओं की तुलना में सबसे कम प्रतिक्रियाशील होते हैं!

यह उत्कृष्ट धातुओं की अद्वितीय प्रतिक्रियाशीलता विशेषता है जो उन्हें विशेष रूप से अत्यधिक तापमान स्थितियों में उपयोग करने के लिए उपयुक्त बनाती है। ये धातुएँ अन्य धातुओं की तरह प्रतिक्रियाशील नहीं होती हैं, इसलिए इनके संक्षारण की संभावना कम होती है। उनका गलनांक भी अधिक होता है, इसलिए वे उच्च तापमान का सामना कर सकते हैं। नोबल मेटल थर्मोकपल अन्य थर्मोकपल की तुलना में अधिक सटीक होते हैं, लेकिन वे अधिक महंगे भी होते हैं। रोडियम और प्लैटिनम दो ऐसी उत्कृष्ट धातुएँ हैं जिनका व्यापक रूप से अत्यधिक संवेदनशील और सटीक तापमान संवेदन उपकरण बनाने में उपयोग किया जाता है, भले ही वे महंगे हों। इनका उपयोग आमतौर पर उन उद्योगों में किया जाता है जहां सटीक तापमान माप महत्वपूर्ण होते हैं जैसे उच्च तापमान भट्टियां और बॉयलर।

नोबल मेटल थर्मोकपल के तीन मुख्य प्रकार हैं!

नोबल मेटल थर्मोकपल वे थर्मोकपल हैं जो अपनी सटीकता और परिशुद्धता के लिए जाने जाते हैं। उत्कृष्ट धातु थर्मोकपल के तीन मुख्य प्रकार हैं: आर प्रकार, एस प्रकार, और बी प्रकार। प्रत्येक प्रकार की तापमान परिवर्तन के प्रति अपनी संवेदनशीलता होती है।

  • आर प्रकार के थर्मोकपल रोडियम और प्लैटिनम से बने होते हैं जो तापमान परिवर्तन के प्रति सबसे अधिक संवेदनशील होते हैं और व्यापक तापमान रेंज, यानी -50 से 1400 डिग्री सेल्सियस तक काम करने में सक्षम होते हैं। इनका उपयोग अक्सर उन अनुप्रयोगों में किया जाता है जहां सटीक माप की आवश्यकता होती है, जैसे प्रयोगशालाओं में।
  • एस प्रकार के थर्मोकपल आर प्रकार के थर्मोकपल की तुलना में तापमान परिवर्तन के प्रति कम संवेदनशील होते हैं और उनकी सीमा -50 डिग्री सेल्सियस से 1200 डिग्री सेल्सियस होती है। वे पैलेडियम और प्लैटिनम से बने होते हैं और अक्सर औद्योगिक अनुप्रयोगों में उपयोग किए जाते हैं जहां सटीकता उतनी महत्वपूर्ण नहीं होती है। वे संक्षारण के प्रति अधिक प्रतिरोधी हैं, हालांकि आर प्रकार की तुलना में थोड़ा कम सटीक हैं।
  • बी प्रकार के थर्मोकपल सिलिकॉन और बोरॉन से बने सभी उत्कृष्ट धातु थर्मोकपल के तापमान परिवर्तन के प्रति सबसे कम संवेदनशील होते हैं। इनकी ऑपरेटिंग रेंज -50 डिग्री सेल्सियस से 1000 डिग्री सेल्सियस के बीच होती है।

नोबल मेटल थर्मोकपल तापमान मापने के लिए बहुत सटीक उपकरण हैं। आपके द्वारा चुने गए थर्मोकपल का प्रकार उस एप्लिकेशन के लिए आवश्यक संवेदनशीलता पर आधारित होना चाहिए जिसमें आप इसका उपयोग कर रहे हैं, जिसके लिए आप डोमेन विशेषज्ञों से पूछ सकते हैं जो आवश्यक तापमान संवेदनशीलता और अन्य शर्तों को पूरा करने के लिए आपके लिए अनुकूलित कर सकते हैं। आप उत्पादों की सर्वोत्तम श्रृंखला के लिए हीटकॉन से संपर्क करें।

 

 

 

थर्मोकपल अंशांकन की प्रक्रिया का विवरण

थर्मोकपल अंशांकन के बारे में

थर्मोकपल अंशांकन थर्मोकपल के तापमान माप की सटीकता को सत्यापित और समायोजित करने की प्रक्रिया है। इसमें थर्मोकपल के आउटपुट की तुलना ज्ञात तापमान पर एक संदर्भ मानक से करना और किसी भी विचलन या त्रुटि का निर्धारण करना शामिल है। अंशांकन यह सुनिश्चित करता है कि थर्मोकपल सटीक और विश्वसनीय तापमान रीडिंग प्रदान करता है, जिससे सटीक तापमान नियंत्रण और प्रक्रिया अनुकूलन की अनुमति मिलती है।

 

थर्मोकपल अंशांकन की तकनीकें

थर्मोकपल अंशांकन की 3 सामान्य विधियाँ हैं:

  • फिक्स्डपॉइंट थर्मोडायनामिक कैलिब्रेशन: इस विधि में, थर्मोकपल को ज्ञात तापमान के निश्चित बिंदुओं के विरुद्ध कैलिब्रेट किया जाता है, जैसे धातु या नमक जैसे शुद्ध पदार्थों के पिघलने बिंदु। निश्चित बिंदुओं के उदाहरणों में चांदी का हिमांक बिंदु (961.78°C) और पानी का त्रिगुण बिंदु (0.01°C) शामिल हैं। इन निश्चित बिंदुओं पर ज्ञात तापमान के साथ थर्मोकपल के आउटपुट की तुलना करके, अंशांकन समायोजन किया जा सकता है।
  • फर्नेस विधि: इसे स्टिरर्ड बाथ विधि भी कहा जाता है, इसमें थर्मोकपल को तापमान नियंत्रित स्नान या भट्टी में डुबोना शामिल है। स्नानघर या भट्ठी को पूरे क्षेत्र में एक स्थिर और समान तापमान प्राप्त करने के लिए डिज़ाइन किया गया है। तापमान को कैलिब्रेटेड रेफरेंस थर्मामीटर का उपयोग करके मापा जाता है। विभिन्न तापमानों पर थर्मोकपल और संदर्भ थर्मामीटर की रीडिंग की तुलना करके, अंशांकन सुधार निर्धारित किया जा सकता है।
  • ड्राई ब्लॉक कैलिब्रेटर: यह एक पोर्टेबल डिवाइस होता है जिसमें एक धातु ब्लॉक होता है जिसमें सटीक रूप से ड्रिल किए गए छेद होते हैं जहां थर्मोकपल डाला जा सकता है। अंतर्निहित हीटर या कूलर का उपयोग करके ब्लॉक को विशिष्ट लक्ष्य तापमान तक गर्म या ठंडा किया जाता है। ब्लॉक तापमान को कैलिब्रेटेड रेफरेंस थर्मामीटर का उपयोग करके मापा जाता है। अंशांकन के तहत थर्मोकपल को ब्लॉक में डाला जाता है, और इसके आउटपुट की तुलना संदर्भ थर्मामीटर रीडिंग से की जाती है, जिससे अंशांकन समायोजन की अनुमति मिलती है।

 

थर्मोकपल अंशांकन की आवश्यकता

विभिन्न उद्योगों में तापमान मापने के लिए थर्मोकपल का व्यापक रूप से उपयोग किया जाता है। हालाँकि, समय के साथ, उम्र बढ़ने, अत्यधिक तापमान के संपर्क में आने, यांत्रिक तनाव और पर्यावरणीय परिस्थितियों जैसे कारकों के कारण उनकी सटीकता कम हो सकती है। अंशांकन इन विचलनों को पहचानने और ठीक करने में मदद करता है, जिससे यह सुनिश्चित होता है कि थर्मोकपल सटीक तापमान रीडिंग प्रदान करता रहे।

 

थर्मोकपल अंशांकन के लिए आवश्यक आवृत्ति

कितनी बार थर्मोकपल अंशांकन की आवश्यकता होती है यह काफी हद तक विभिन्न कारकों पर निर्भर करता है, जैसे कि एप्लिकेशन का प्रकार जिसके लिए आपको थर्मोकपल की आवश्यकता है, उद्योग मानक, साथ ही नियामक आवश्यकताएं। सामान्य तौर पर, महत्वपूर्ण प्रक्रियाओं या सुरक्षामहत्वपूर्ण अनुप्रयोगों में उपयोग किए जाने वाले थर्मोकपल को अधिक बार कैलिब्रेट किया जाना चाहिए, आमतौर पर साल में एक बार से लेकर हर कुछ महीनों में एक बार। कम महत्वपूर्ण अनुप्रयोगों को हर 1-2 साल में अंशांकन की आवश्यकता हो सकती है।

 

अंतिम अंशांकन तिथि का निर्धारण

यह जानने के लिए कि अंतिम थर्मोकपल अंशांकन कब किया गया था, आपको उचित दस्तावेज़ और रिकॉर्ड बनाए रखना चाहिए। मान्यता प्राप्त अंशांकन प्रयोगशालाओं द्वारा प्रदान किए गए अंशांकन प्रमाणपत्रों में आम तौर पर अंशांकन तिथि, नियत तारीख और अन्य प्रासंगिक जानकारी शामिल होती है। इसलिए इन प्रमाणपत्रों पर नज़र रखना या अंशांकन लॉग बनाए रखना महत्वपूर्ण है ताकि यह सुनिश्चित किया जा सके कि थर्मोकपल अपने अंशांकन शेड्यूल के भीतर बना रहे।

 

गुणवत्ता प्रमाणपत्र

थर्मोकपल को मान्यता प्राप्त अंशांकन प्रयोगशालाओं द्वारा प्रमाणित या कैलिब्रेट किया जा सकता है जो आईएसओ/आईईसी 17025 जैसे अंतरराष्ट्रीय मानकों का पालन करते हैं। ये प्रयोगशालाएं ट्रेस करने योग्य संदर्भ मानकों का उपयोग करती हैं और अंशांकन करने के लिए योग्य कर्मियों को नियुक्त करती हैं। इन प्रयोगशालाओं द्वारा प्रदान किए गए अंशांकन प्रमाणपत्र थर्मोकपल की सटीकता और गुणवत्ता मानकों के अनुपालन के प्रमाण के रूप में काम करते हैं।

 

सर्वोत्तम थर्मोकपल की खरीद के लिए

थर्मोकपल अंशांकन के लिए अलगअलग दृष्टिकोण पेश करने वाली विभिन्न विधियाँ हैं, और विधि का चुनाव आवश्यक सटीकता, उपलब्ध उपकरण और विशिष्ट अनुप्रयोग जैसे कारकों पर निर्भर करता है। सर्वोत्तम थर्मोकपल की खरीद के लिए, आप हीटकॉन सेंसर्स के पास सकते हैं, जिनकी टीम आपको सबसे उच्च गुणवत्ता वाले उत्पाद प्रदान करने का वादा करती है।

 

 

 

थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर्स और किसी एक को चुनते समय ध्यान देने योग्य बातें!

थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर ऐसे उपकरण हैं जिनका उपयोग तापमान मापने के लिए उपकरण के दो टुकड़ों को एक साथ जोड़ने के लिए किया जाता है। मूल रूप से, थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर किसी भी औद्योगिक प्रक्रिया में उपकरण का एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा है जिसमें उच्च तापमान शामिल होता है।

  • थर्मोकपल मिश्रथर्मोकपल मिश्र धातु दो अलगअलग धातुओं से बने होते हैं जो एक छोर पर एक साथ जुड़े होते हैं। फिर थर्मोकपल के दूसरे सिरे को सॉकेट में डाला जाता है। थर्मोकपल मिश्र धातुएँ ऐसी धातुएँ हैं जिनका उपयोग थर्मोकपल बनाने के लिए किया जाता है। वांछित गुणों के आधार पर कई अलगअलग मिश्र धातुएं उपयोग की जा सकती हैं। सबसे आम थर्मोकपल मिश्र धातु कॉपरकॉन्स्टेंटन, क्रोमेलएलुमेल, आयरनकॉन्स्टेंटन और प्लैटिनमरोडियम हैं। प्रत्येक मिश्र धातु में अलगअलग गुण होते हैं जो इसे विभिन्न अनुप्रयोगों के लिए उपयुक्त बनाते हैं। उदाहरण के लिए, कॉपरकॉन्स्टेंटन का उपयोग अक्सर उच्च तापमान अनुप्रयोगों में किया जाता है, जबकि क्रोमेलएलुमेल कम तापमान अनुप्रयोगों के लिए बेहतर अनुकूल है।
  • रंग कोडथर्मोकपल मिश्र धातुओं को आमतौर पर उनकी संरचना को इंगित करने के लिए रंग कोडित किया जाता है। थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर पर रंग कोड मिश्र धातु में उपयोग की जाने वाली धातु के प्रकार को दर्शाते हैं। सबसे आम रंग कोड लालतांबा, सफेदक्रोमेल, पीलाएल्यूमेल, नीलाआयरन, बैंगनीप्लैटिनम और ग्रेरोडियम हैं।
  • कार्यात्मक तापमानथर्मोकपल मिश्र धातुओं में अनुप्रयोग के आधार पर विभिन्न प्रकार के कार्यात्मक तापमान होते हैं। कार्यात्मक तापमान वह तापमान है जिस पर सेंसर पर्यावरण को सटीक रूप से माप सकता है। थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर्स का कार्यात्मक तापमान -200 से +600 डिग्री सेल्सियस तक होता है। उदाहरण के लिए, कॉपरकॉन्स्टेंटन थर्मोकपल की कार्यात्मक तापमान सीमा -50 से 400 डिग्री सेल्सियस है। इसका मतलब यह है कि यह इस सीमा में तापमान को सटीक रूप से माप सकता है। थर्मोकपल मिश्र धातु थर्मोकपल सेंसर का एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा हैं। सही मिश्र धातु के बिना, सेंसर तापमान को सटीक रूप से मापने में सक्षम नहीं होगा।

आपकी औद्योगिक प्रक्रिया के लिए थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर चुनते समय ध्यान देने योग्य पांच बातें

आपकी प्रक्रिया के लिए सर्वोत्तम थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर चुनने से पहले कुछ बातों पर विचार करना होगा। यदि आप अपनी औद्योगिक प्रक्रिया के लिए सर्वोत्तम थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर की तलाश कर रहे हैं, तो निम्नलिखित 5 कारकों को ध्यान में रखना महत्वपूर्ण है:

  1. यांत्रिक स्थायित्व: थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर को बारबार यांत्रिक तनाव का सामना करने में सक्षम होना चाहिए, खासकर यदि इसका उपयोग औद्योगिक सेटिंग में किया जा रहा हो। ऐसा कनेक्टर चुनना सुनिश्चित करें जो टिकाऊ सामग्री से बना हो और लंबे समय तक चलने के लिए बनाया गया हो।
  2. अत्यधिक तापमान के लगातार संपर्क में रहना: कुछ थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर बिना किसी असफलता के उच्च तापमान के लगातार संपर्क को झेलने के लिए डिज़ाइन किए गए हैं। यदि आपकी प्रक्रिया को इसकी आवश्यकता है, तो ऐसा कनेक्टर चुनना सुनिश्चित करें जो गर्मी को संभाल सके।
  3. सेंसर: सेंसर कई औद्योगिक प्रक्रियाओं का एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा हैं। यदि आपकी प्रक्रिया इन सेंसरों का उपयोग करती है, तो एक थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर चुनना सुनिश्चित करें जो उनके साथ संगत हो। इन सेंसरों का उपयोग प्रक्रिया और कनेक्टर के तापमान को मापने के लिए किया जाता है। ऐसे सेंसर वाला कनेक्टर चुनें जो सटीक और विश्वसनीय हो।
  4. अधिकतम ऑपरेटिंग रेंज: उच्चतम ऑपरेटिंग रेंज वाला थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर चुनें ताकि इसका उपयोग विभिन्न प्रक्रियाओं में किया जा सके। इससे यह सुनिश्चित होगा कि यह आपकी प्रक्रिया की मांगों को संभाल सकता है।
  5. आकार: थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर विभिन्न आकार और साइज़ में आते हैं। सुनिश्चित करें कि आप वही चुनें जो आपकी आवश्यकताओं के अनुरूप हो। कनेक्टर का आकार प्रक्रिया के लिए उपयुक्त होना चाहिए।

इन कारकों को ध्यान में रखें, और आप निश्चित रूप से अपनी औद्योगिक प्रक्रिया के लिए सर्वोत्तम थर्मोकपल कनेक्टर का चयन करेंगे। उचित चयन के लिए हीटकॉन सेंसर्स पर आएं।

मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल और उनके विविध अनुप्रयोग

थर्मोकपल उद्योग में सबसे अधिक उपयोग किए जाने वाले तापमान सेंसरों में से एक है। वे मज़बूत हैं, उनकी तापमान सीमा विस्तृत है और वे अपेक्षाकृत सस्ते हैं। एक थर्मोकपल में दो अलगअलग धातुएँ (आमतौर पर तांबा और लोहा) होती हैं जो एक छोर पर जुड़ी होती हैं। जब दो धातुओं के जंक्शन को गर्म किया जाता है, तो एक वोल्टेज उत्पन्न होता है जिसे मापा जा सकता है। मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल का उपयोग तब किया जाता है जब किसी सिस्टम के भीतर कई बिंदुओं पर तापमान को मापना आवश्यक होता है।

मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल के बारे में

मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल तापमान सेंसर के वह प्रकार हैं जिनमें श्रृंखला में जुड़े दो या दो से अधिक थर्मोकपल होते हैं। मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल का उपयोग करने का लाभ यह है कि वे लंबाई के साथ कई बिंदुओं पर तापमान माप सकते हैं। यह उन्हें उन अनुप्रयोगों के लिए आदर्श बनाता है जहां तापमान की निगरानी कई बिंदुओं पर करने की आवश्यकता होती है, जैसे भट्टी में। मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल की कुछ उपयोगी विशेषताएं इस प्रकार हैं:

  • एक ही पहुंच बिंदु के साथ एकाधिक पहचान बिंदु।
  • विभिन्न अनुप्रयोगों के लिए तापमान प्रोफाइल को कुशलतापूर्वक मापें।
  • पूरे सेंसर को प्रभावित किए बिना व्यक्तिगत सेंसर को कुशलतापूर्वक बदलना संभव है।
  • अलगअलग सेंसर लगाने की तुलना में लागत प्रभावी।
  • विभिन्न तापमान रेंज और सिग्नल सटीकता के लिए कस्टम डिज़ाइन उपलब्ध हैं।
  • सभी सेंसर उपयोगी खनिज इन्सुलेशन के साथ पूरी तरह से धातु से बने हैं।
  • कुछ डिज़ाइनों में परिणामों में अधिक सटीकता प्रदान करने के लिए मुख्य सेंसर के रूप में प्रतिरोधक तत्वों की सुविधा होती है।

मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल के अनुप्रयोग

मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल के लिए कई औद्योगिक अनुप्रयोग हैं। यहां मुख्य 5 हैं:

  • ताप उपचार भट्टियां: एक सामान्य अनुप्रयोग भट्टियों में होता है, जहां प्रक्रिया को अनुकूलित करने के लिए कई बिंदुओं पर तापमान जानना महत्वपूर्ण है। इसके अतिरिक्त, मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल का उपयोग किसी सामग्री के तापमान प्रोफ़ाइल को मापने के लिए किया जा सकता है क्योंकि इसे संसाधित किया जा रहा है। मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल का उपयोग गर्मीउपचार भट्टियों के तापमान को मापने के लिए किया जा सकता है। यह सुनिश्चित करना महत्वपूर्ण है कि भट्ठी सही तापमान पर चल रही है।
  • बॉयलर: बॉयलर के तापमान को मापने के लिए मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल का उपयोग किया जा सकता है। यह सुनिश्चित करना महत्वपूर्ण है कि बॉयलर सही तापमान पर काम कर रहा है।
  • ओवन: ओवन के तापमान को मापने के लिए मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल का उपयोग किया जा सकता है। यह सुनिश्चित करना महत्वपूर्ण है कि ओवन सही तापमान पर काम कर रहा है।
  • भट्टियां: भट्टियों के तापमान को मापने के लिए मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल का उपयोग किया जा सकता है। यह सुनिश्चित करना महत्वपूर्ण है कि भट्ठी सही तापमान पर चल रही है।
  • प्रशीतन इकाइयाँ: प्रशीतन इकाइयों के तापमान को मापने के लिए मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल का उपयोग किया जा सकता है। यह सुनिश्चित करना महत्वपूर्ण है कि इकाई सही तापमान पर काम कर रही है।

मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल के विभिन्न अनुप्रयोग क्षेत्र

  • रसायन उद्योग
  • पेट्रोकेमिकल उद्योग
  • रिएक्टर और आसवन फ्रैक्शनेटर
  • ईंधन डिपो
  • हाइड्रोक्रैकर्स
  • हाइड्रो ट्रीटर्स
  • द्रव उत्प्रेरक क्रैकिंग इकाई(इकाइयाँ)
  • कच्चा तेल आसवन इकाई(इकाइयाँ)
  • उत्प्रेरक सुधार की प्रक्रियाओं में

मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल के लाभ

यदि आप तापमान मापने का विश्वसनीय और सटीक तरीका ढूंढ रहे हैं, तो आप मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल के साथ गलत नहीं हो सकते। मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल एक तापमान माप उपकरण है जिसमें श्रृंखला में जुड़े दो या दो से अधिक थर्मोकपल होते हैं। थर्मोकपल आम तौर पर विस्तार के विभिन्न थर्मल गुणांक वाले धातुओं से बने होते हैं, जैसे तांबास्थिरांक और लौहस्थिरांक। मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल का मुख्य लाभ यह है कि वे एकलपॉइंट थर्मोकपल की तुलना में तापमान का अधिक सटीक माप प्रदान कर सकते हैं। ऐसा इसलिए है क्योंकि संपर्क के कई बिंदु बेहतर गर्मी हस्तांतरण और अधिक सुसंगत रीडिंग की अनुमति देते हैं। मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल का एक अन्य लाभ यह है कि उनका उपयोग सामग्री की लंबाई के साथ कई बिंदुओं पर तापमान मापने के लिए किया जा सकता है। इसका उपयोग अक्सर औद्योगिक अनुप्रयोगों में बड़ी वस्तुओं, जैसे पाइप या भट्टियों के तापमान की निगरानी के लिए किया जाता है। यदि आपको तापमान मापने के लिए एक विश्वसनीय और सटीक तरीके की आवश्यकता है, तो मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल एक बढ़िया विकल्प है।

हीटकॉन सेंसर्स से आज ही संपर्क करें!

हीटकॉन सेंसर्स बाजार में मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल का अग्रणी निर्माता है। हमारे उत्पादों को स्थापित करना आसान है, अत्यधिक विश्वसनीय हैं, और उनमें बेहतर गुणवत्ता वाले घटक हैं। उपलब्ध आकारों और कॉन्फ़िगरेशन की एक विस्तृत श्रृंखला के साथ, हमारे मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल विभिन्न प्रकार के अनुप्रयोगों के लिए आदर्श हैं। हम ग्राहकों को सर्वोत्तम गुणवत्ता वाले उत्पाद और ग्राहक सेवा प्रदान करने के लिए प्रतिबद्ध हैं। सर्वोत्तम गुणवत्ता वाले मल्टीपॉइंट थर्मोकपल खरीदने के लिए आज ही हमसे संपर्क करें। हमारी विशेषज्ञों की टीम आपकी आवश्यकताओं के लिए सही उत्पाद चुनने में आपकी सहायता के लिए हमेशा उपलब्ध है। हम आपसे सुनने और आपके आवेदन के लिए सही समाधान ढूंढने में आपकी सहायता करने के लिए उत्सुक हैं।

 

 

 

 

Thermocouple Manufacturer – Understanding Different Types of Thermocouples

General Purpose Thermocouples

Mineral Insulated Thermocouples

Molded Transition Thermocouples

 

Thermocouples are crucial temperature-sensing devices used across various industries for their reliability, accuracy, and ruggedness. As the demand for precise temperature measurements grows, the role of thermocouple manufacturers becomes increasingly significant. The manufacturers specialize in crafting thermocouples tailored to meet the diverse needs of industries such as aerospace, manufacturing, automotive, healthcare, and more. Let us delve into the three common types of thermocouples produced by a thermocouple manufacturer: which are (i) General Purpose Thermocouples, (ii) Mineral Insulated Thermocouples, and (iii) Moulded Transition Thermocouples.

Types of Thermocouples

Thermocouples are temperature-sensing devices that consist of 2 different metal wires joined together at one end. When exposed to a temperature gradient, they generate a voltage, known as the thermoelectric voltage, which is proportional to the temperature difference between the two junctions. There are several types of thermocouples, each made from different combinations of metals, and they are categorized based on their temperature range, sensitivity, and application suitability. Some of the most common types of thermocouples are mentioned underneath in detail:

  • General Purpose Thermocouples: These thermocouples are also known as Base-Metal Thermocouples. These are temperature sensors used to measure temperature in a wide range of applications across various industries. They are the most commonly used type due to their simplicity, reliability, versatility & cost-effectiveness. Such thermocouples offer reliable performance in many scenarios, making them a popular choice for a wide range of temperature measurement needs. These consist of 2 different metal wires that are joined together at one end to form a junction. The junction is exposed to the temperature being measured, while the other ends of the wires are connected to a measuring instrument. When there is a temperature difference between the two junctions (the measuring junction and the reference junction), an electromotive force (EMF) is generated. This EMF is directly related to the temperature difference and can be measured by the temperature measuring instrument, which then provides a temperature reading.
  • Mineral Insulated Thermocouples: Mineral-Insulated or MI Thermocouples are designed for more demanding & harsh environments. These thermocouples consist of 2 thermocouple wires placed inside a compacted, high-temperature-resistant mineral insulating material, typically magnesium oxide (MgO). The outer sheath can be made of stainless steel or other high-temperature alloys. Their construction provides exceptional protection against moisture, chemicals, and mechanical damage, making them ideal for applications in industrial processes, aerospace, and laboratories. The compact design allows for faster response times and high accuracy in extreme temperature conditions. Thermocouple manufacturers often customize the MI Thermocouples to meet specific customer requirements, ensuring they can withstand temperatures ranging from -200°C to over 1000°C. Their ruggedness & reliability make them suitable for applications in severe environments like exhaust gas measurements, petrochemical processing, and metal smelting. They are constructed using base metal alloys, such as Type K (Chromel-Alumel), Type J (Iron-Constantan), and Type T (Copper-Constantan). Each type has its own temperature range and characteristics, making them suitable for different applications. 
    • Type K: The Chromel-Alumel combination can withstand temperatures ranging from -200°C to approximately 1260°C. This type of thermocouple is widely used in various industries, including food processing, automotive, and power generation.
    • Type J: The Iron-Constantan combination can operate in a temperature range of -210°C to around 760°C. Its lower temperature limit makes it unsuitable for extremely high-temperature applications.
    • Type T: The Copper-Constantan combination covers a temperature range of -200°C to approximately 370°C. Such type of thermocouple is commonly used in cryogenics, environmental chambers, and HVAC systems.
  • Molded Transition Thermocouples: Molded-Transition Thermocouples are the type of thermocouples specifically designed for surface temperature measurements. They consist of a sensing junction that is embedded in a molded insulating material, such as ceramic or epoxy, to protect the junction and provide electrical insulation. The other end of the thermocouple has a lead wire that connects to the measuring instrument. Their primary advantage is their ease of installation and ability to measure temperature on flat or curved surfaces. They are commonly used for applications in the plastics industry, semiconductor manufacturing, and research labs. Their unique & compact design helps in situations where space is a concern. While these thermocouples provide accurate measurements for surface temperatures, they may not be suitable for extremely high-temperature applications. Thermocouple manufacturers can customize the materials and dimensions of Molded Transition Thermocouples to meet the unique requirements of their customers.

Heatcon Is the Worthiest Thermocouple Manufacturer

In conclusion, a thermocouple manufacturer plays a crucial role in producing temperature-sensing devices that are vital for various industrial applications. General Purpose Thermocouples offer versatility & affordability, while Mineral Insulated Thermocouples are ideal for harsh environments. Molded Transition Thermocouples provide easy installation for surface temperature measurements. The choice of thermocouple depends on the specific application’s temperature range, environment, and accuracy requirements. With continuous advancements in materials & technology, thermocouple manufacturers strive to develop even more specialized and accurate solutions to cater to the evolving needs of industries worldwide. Heatcon Sensors happens to be a worthy thermocouple manufacturer. You can trust its products to be highly efficient that will suitably match your specific industrial heating requirement. You can always count upon the efficient manufacturing team of Heatcon that promises to produce the best range of products. There is a vast range to check out. You can make the purchases by looking at the different options available. Also, you can consider the features that are present in these products to see what you are looking at precisely and buy accordingly. Whenever you have any such heating requirement for your industrial applications, which may be quite frequent, you know which company to trust! Yes! That’s Heatcon for you!

 

 

Choosing the Best Cartridge Heater Manufacturer

High-Density Cartridge Heaters

Low-Density Cartridge Heaters

Split-Type Cartridge Heaters

Choosing the Best Cartridge Heater Manufacturer

 

Cartridge heaters are a type of electric heating element used for various industrial applications, primarily for heating metal parts or materials. They are cylindrical in shape and are designed to be inserted into a hole or cavity of the workpiece, where heat is required. These heaters are commonly used in industries such as plastics, packaging, food processing, aerospace, medical equipment, and semiconductor manufacturing. Choosing an ideal cartridge heater manufacturer facilitates the most suitable procurement of the product(s). 

Types of Cartridge Heaters

Each type of cartridge heater has its unique advantages & applications. Choosing the right type depends on the specific heating requirements, the material being heated, the size of the cavity or hole, and the desired heating rate. So, let’s delve deeper into the types of cartridge heaters:

  • High-Density Cartridge Heaters: These heaters are designed with a higher wattage per square inch, resulting in a more concentrated heat output. They are ideal for applications that require rapid heating or in situations where a localized intense heat source is necessary. The most common features of such heaters are given as under:
    • Watt density: Higher wattage per square inch, allowing for a more concentrated heat output.
    • Construction: Similar to low-density heaters, they have a coiled wire element inside a metal sheath, surrounded by insulating material like magnesium oxide (MgO).
    • Features: These are quite compact in construction, which is for minimizing shocks & vibrations. They offer a highly good heat transfer rate.
    • Uses: These heaters are commonly used in applications that require fast heat-up times, plastic injection moulding, dies, patterns & moulds, liquids & gases heating, hot stamping, plastic processing equipment, footwear & shoe making machines, labelling & lamination, food processing machineries, hot runner systems, and other processes where localized high temperatures are needed.
  • Low-Density Cartridge Heaters: These heaters are designed to provide uniform heat distribution over a larger surface area. They are tubular in shape & are quite compact. Such heaters are suitable for applications where a more distributed & moderate level of heating is required. The lower watt density prevents localized hotspots, making them ideal for heating sensitive materials or situations where precise and uniform heating is essential. Common features of these heaters are mentioned underneath:
    • Watt density: Lower wattage per square inch (usually lesser than high-density heaters).
    • Construction: Typically made with a coiled wire element inside a metal sheath, surrounded by insulating material like magnesium oxide (MgO).
    • Features: These heaters have longer shelf life and also have high efficiency. They provide uniform surface temperature.
    • Uses: They are often used in applications like plastic moulding, food processing equipment, packaging equipment, injection moulding, extrusion machines, shoes & footwear manufacturing, medical equipment & accessories, rubber sealings, dies & patterns, fastening turbine bolts, and maintaining consistent temperature in industrial processes.
  • Split-Type Cartridge Heaters: These heaters are designed with a split or “open” construction. They have a unique design which allows them to expand slightly when heated. This design enables them to be inserted into holes or around cylindrical objects with a slightly larger diameter, making installation and removal easier. Their common features include the following:
    • Design: These heaters have a split or “open” construction, which allows for a degree of flexibility when fitting them into a hole or around objects.
    • Construction: They typically have a coiled wire element that is more accessible to expand & contract within the metal sheath.
    • Features: They provide very good heat transfer. These could be inserted & removed easily. They also have longer lives. They offer uniform transfer of heat.
    • Uses: These heaters are used in applications where the heating element needs to be easily inserted & removed, such as in moulding processes, plastic processing and packaging machinery, injection & blow moulding, extruders, foundries, fastening of turbine bolts, soldering pots, packaging equipment, and heat-sealing applications.

Choosing the Best Cartridge Heater Manufacturer

These days, the demand for cartridge heaters in various industrial applications is rising with each passing day. While choosing a cartridge heater manufacturer, it is essential to consider factors such as their experience in the industry, product quality, certifications, customer reviews, and after-sales support. Before making any decisions, it is best to research & compare multiple manufacturers to find the one that best suits your needs and budget. 

You Can Trust Heatcon! 

Heatcon happens to be a reputable manufacturer that provides custom solutions to meet your specific heating requirements and offers technical assistance whenever required. Heatcon Sensors happens to be a leading organization that is fully engaged in the manufacturing & supplying of a vast array of industrial heaters. Their products are vastly appreciated in the entire marketplace. Their products are known for their durability, high performance as well as easy installation features. For the most ideal cartridge heaters, you can contact Heatcon, which happens to be a worthy manufacturer & supplier of such types of different cartridge heaters that are available in both, low density & high-density options. The responding time of cartridge heaters (high-density) is pretty fast. These are utilised in different industrial applications like printing, packing, plastic, automobile, food processing, footwear & shoe industries etc.

Heatcon manufacturer & supplier also provides the split-type heater that is specifically developed for high temperature applications. Utilising MgO powder insulation, it assures to bring faster heat transfer & higher electric strength. This also provides more wattage in smaller sizes. Heatcon continues to surpass the benchmarked standards of quality, customer satisfaction, & timely delivery of products as per client demands. Thanks to their powerful expertise, big resource pool, & vast experience that is gained over the years. Heatcon happens to be positioned at an important place in the market providing viable heaters. Their staff of motivated engineers is technically sound. They also have best-in-class, latest, modern infrastructure with higher-quality inputs.

 

 

Understanding High Temperature Hot Air Heaters

Procure the Best-Quality High Temperature Hot Air Heaters from Heatcon

High temperature hot air heaters are specialized heating devices designed to generate & deliver hot air at elevated temperatures for various industrial applications. 

About High Temperature Hot Air Heaters

  • Construction & Heating Elements: These heaters are typically constructed using high-quality materials that can withstand extreme temperatures. The heating elements used are often made of materials such as stainless steel, ceramic, or quartz to ensure excellent heat resistance & durability.
  • Temperature Control: These heaters offer precise temperature control to maintain the desired temperature range. Advanced temperature control systems, such as PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controllers, thermocouples, or RTDs (Resistance-Temperature-Detectors), are commonly used to achieve accurate & stable temperature control.
  • Safety Features: These heaters are equipped with various safety features to protect the equipment & operators. These may include over-temperature protection, short-circuit protection, current overload protection, and safety interlocks to ensure safe operation.
  • Power Control: Thyristor power packs or solid-state relays are often used in these heaters for efficient and precise power control. These devices enable smooth and step-less control of the heating elements, ensuring accurate temperature adjustments.
  • Air Flow Control: To optimize the heating process and meet specific application requirements, these heaters may include options for controlling the air flow rate. This can be achieved through adjustable blowers, dampers, or flow control valves, allowing users to regulate the volume and velocity of the hot air.
  • Versatility: Such heaters tend to be versatile and can be customized to suit different industrial applications. They can either be integrated into existing systems, which is one way of application, or they can also be designed to work as standalone units, which is another way of their application. Additionally, they can be used in conjunction with other equipment such as chambers, ovens, or process lines.
  • Energy Efficiency: Most manufacturers strive to design such heaters that are energy-efficient to minimize operating costs. This may include insulation & heat recovery features that help retain and recycle the heat within the system, reducing energy consumption.
  • Integration & Automation: These heaters can be integrated into larger control systems and automated processes, allowing for seamless operation and integration with other equipment. They can be controlled remotely through programmable logic controllers (PLCs) or other automation systems.
  • Maintenance & Service: Manufacturers often provide maintenance guidelines and service support to ensure the longevity and optimal performance of the heaters. Regular inspections, cleaning, and preventive maintenance are recommended to keep the heaters in good working condition.

Procure the Best-Quality High Temperature Hot Air Heaters from Heatcon

You can procure first-rate high temperature hot air heaters from Heatcon Sensors. Considering your specific requirements, you can also consult with their team to select such a product that best suits your application needs. The team can provide detailed specifications, technical support, and guidance in choosing the right heater for your specific industry & process.

 

 

Unleashing the Power of Bolt Heaters in Industrial Heating Applications

Top Process Heaters: Enhancing Industrial Operations

Industrial Process Heaters: Meeting Diverse Needs

Flexible Heaters: Adaptability & Efficiency

Features & Benefits of Heatcon Sensors Bolt Heaters

Applications of Heatcon Sensors Bolt Heaters

 

In the vast landscape of industrial heating applications, one crucial component stands out for its exceptional performance & versatility, and that is the bolt heater. This innovative device plays a pivotal role in various industries, offering efficient & reliable heat transfer capabilities. 

Unveiling the Versatility of Bolt Heaters

These heaters are specialized heating devices designed to provide controlled and uniform heat to bolts, flanges, and other components in industrial settings. Their primary purpose is to assist in the installation, removal, or maintenance of large bolts & fasteners, which often require heat to expand or contract for proper operation. They are widely used in industries such as oil & gas, power generation, petrochemical, and manufacturing. Let us explore the applications, key features & functions of bolt heaters

  • Heat Transfer Efficiency: These are engineered to provide rapid & uniform heat distribution, ensuring efficient heat transfer to the desired components. This facilitates seamless installation, disassembly, and maintenance procedures.
  • Temperature Control: These heaters offer precise temperature control mechanisms, allowing operators to set & maintain the desired heat levels. This feature is vital in ensuring the safety & integrity of the components being heated.
  • Portable & Compact Design: These are designed to be portable & compact, enabling easy handling & transportation across various worksites. They are often equipped with handles or other ergonomic features to enhance usability.
  • Safety Features: Recognizing the importance of safety in industrial environments, bolt heaters are equipped with safety features such as temperature sensors, automatic shut-off systems, and protective enclosures. These precautions minimize the risk of accidents or damage caused by overheating.

 

Top Process Heaters: Enhancing Industrial Operations

  • Immersion Heaters: These heaters are immersed directly into liquids or gases, heating them through direct contact. Immersion heaters are widely used in applications such as water heating, oil heating, and process heating in industries like chemical processing & food production.
  • Circulation Heaters: These heaters facilitate the heating of fluids by circulating them through a heating element. Circulation heaters find extensive use in applications involving heat transfer fluids, thermal oils, and process heating in industries such as pharmaceuticals and refineries.
  • Infrared Heaters: Utilizing electromagnetic radiation, infrared heaters emit heat directly onto the targeted objects or surfaces. They are highly efficient in applications requiring quick & focused heating, such as drying processes, printing, and paint curing.

Industrial Process Heaters: Meeting Diverse Needs

  • Band Heaters: These are cylindrical heaters wrapped around pipes, barrels, or other cylindrical objects to provide uniform heat. Band heaters are commonly used in plastic moulding, extrusion, and heating of drums or containers.
  • Air Heaters: Designed to heat ambient air, these heaters are used in various industrial processes, including drying, space heating, and air circulation systems. Air heaters can be electric, gas-powered, or fuelled by other energy sources.
  • Process Furnaces: These high-temperature heating systems are used in industries requiring extreme heat for processes such as smelting, forging, or heat treatment. Process furnaces are commonly found in metalworking, glass manufacturing, and chemical production.

Flexible Heaters: Adaptability & Efficiency

Flexible heaters are versatile heating devices designed to conform to irregular shapes or surfaces. They offer excellent heat transfer capabilities and are commonly used in applications such as freeze protection, food processing, medical equipment, and automotive industries. Flexible heaters are composed of materials like silicone rubber, polyimide film, or Kapton, making them resistant to moisture, chemicals, and mechanical stress.

Heatcon Has Your Requirement Sorted!

In the realm of industrial heating, bolt heaters stand out as essential tools for numerous applications, providing efficient & controlled heat transfer to bolts and other components. Alongside bolt heaters, a diverse range of process heaters & flexible heaters cater to the unique needs of different industries. Whether it is the immersion heaters, circulation heaters, or the flexible heaters, these devices play crucial roles in enhancing productivity, improving safety, and optimizing processes across various industrial sectors. Heatcon Sensors is a renowned provider of bolt heaters, offering reliable & high-quality heating solutions for industrial applications. Their bolt heaters are designed to meet the specific needs of industries that require controlled and efficient heat transfer to bolts, flanges, and other components. Heatcon Sensors’ bolt heaters are known for their exceptional performance, advanced features, and safety measures, making them a trusted choice in the industry.

Features & Benefits of Heatcon Sensors Bolt Heaters

  • Precision Heating: Heatcon Sensors’ bolt heaters are engineered to provide precise & uniform heat distribution, ensuring efficient & controlled heating of bolts and related components. This precision is crucial for achieving accurate thermal expansion or contraction required for various industrial processes.
  • Temperature Control & Monitoring: The bolt heaters come equipped with advanced temperature control mechanisms, allowing operators to set and maintain the desired temperature range. Additionally, temperature monitoring features ensure that the components are heated within safe limits, preventing overheating or damage.
  • Rapid Heat Transfer: The design of Heatcon’s bolt heaters enables fast & efficient heat transfer, reducing downtime and increasing productivity in industrial operations. The heaters efficiently heat up the targeted components, enabling swift installation, removal, or maintenance processes.
  • Safety Features: Safety is a top priority in industrial settings, and Heatcon Sensors’ bolt heaters are built with such safety features to mitigate any potential risks. These may include temperature sensors, automatic shut-off mechanisms, and protective enclosures to prevent accidents and protect both operators & equipment.
  • Portable & User-Friendly Design: Their bolt heaters are designed to be portable & user-friendly. They are lightweight & compact, allowing for easy handling & transportation across different work environments. The heaters often incorporate ergonomic features like handles or grips for enhanced usability.
  • Durability & Reliability: Heatcon ensures that their bolt heaters are built to withstand challenging industrial conditions. They utilize robust materials and manufacturing processes to create durable heaters capable of withstanding high temperatures, corrosive environments, and mechanical stress.

 

Applications of Heatcon Sensors Bolt Heaters

Heatcon Sensors’ bolt heaters find applications in various industries, including:

  • Oil & Gas: Bolt heaters are used in oil refineries, pipelines, and offshore platforms to facilitate the installation, maintenance, and disassembly of bolts and flanges in critical equipment such as valves, pumps, and heat exchangers.
  • Power Generation: Bolt heaters are employed in power plants, including thermal and nuclear facilities, where bolts need controlled heating during installation, repairs, or maintenance of turbines, generators, and boilers.
  • Petrochemical: These heaters play a crucial role in the petrochemical industry, ensuring the safe and efficient operation of equipment such as reactors, distillation columns, and storage tanks by providing the necessary heat during assembly or disassembly.
  • Manufacturing: In manufacturing processes involving heavy machinery, bolt heaters have been in use for controlled heating of bolts, facilitating equipment assembly, disassembly, or maintenance in sectors like automotive, aerospace, and heavy equipment manufacturing.

Heatcon Sensors offers a range of bolt heaters that provide efficient, controlled, and safe heat transfer to bolts and related components in industrial applications. With precision heating, temperature control mechanisms, and rapid heat transfer capabilities, these bolt heaters enhance productivity & safety across various industries such as oil & gas, power generation, petrochemicals, and manufacturing. Heatcon Sensors‘ commitment to quality & reliability makes them a trusted provider of bolt heaters for industrial heating needs.

 

 

Detailing the Process of Thermocouple Calibration

Techniques of  Calibration

The Need for  Calibration

Frequency Needed for Calibration

 

Thermocouple calibration is the process of verifying & adjusting the accuracy of a thermocouple’s temperature measurement. It involves comparing the output of a thermocouple to a reference standard at known temperatures and determining any deviations or errors. Calibration ensures that the thermocouple provides accurate & reliable temperature readings, allowing for precise temperature control and process optimization.

Techniques of Thermocouple Calibration

There are 3 common methods of  calibration:

  • Fixed-Point Thermodynamic Calibration: In this method, the thermocouple is calibrated against fixed points of known temperatures, such as the melting points of pure substances like metals or salts. Examples of fixed points include the freezing point of silver (961.78°C) and the triple point of water (0.01°C). By comparing the output of the thermocouple with the known temperatures at these fixed points, calibration adjustments can be made.
  • The Furnace Method: Also called as the Stirred Bath method, this involves immersing the thermocouple in a temperature-controlled bath or furnace. The bath or furnace is designed to achieve a stable & uniform temperature throughout. The temperature is measured using a calibrated reference thermometer. By comparing the readings of the thermocouple and the reference thermometer at different temperatures, calibration corrections can be determined.
  • Dry Block Calibrator: This happens to be a portable device that consists of a metal block with precision-drilled holes where the thermocouple can be inserted. The block is heated or cooled to specific target temperatures using built-in heaters or coolers. The block temperature is measured using a calibrated reference thermometer. The thermocouple under calibration is inserted into the block, and its output is compared to the reference thermometer readings, allowing for calibration adjustments.

The Need for Thermocouple Calibration

Thermocouples are widely used for temperature measurement in various industries. However, over time, their accuracy may drift due to factors such as aging, exposure to extreme temperatures, mechanical stress, and environmental conditions. Calibration helps identify & correct these deviations, ensuring that the thermocouple continues to provide accurate temperature readings.

Frequency Needed for Thermocouple Calibration

How often calibration is needed largely depends on different factors, such as the type of application for which you need thermocouple, industry standards, as well as regulatory requirements. In general, thermocouples used in critical processes or safety-critical applications should be calibrated more frequently, typically ranging from once a year to once every few months. Less critical applications may require calibration every 1-2 years.

Determining the Last Calibration Date

To know when the last calibration was done, you should maintain proper documentation & records. Calibration certificates provided by accredited calibration laboratories typically include the calibration date, due date, and other relevant information. It is thus important to keep track of these certificates or maintain a calibration log to ensure the thermocouple remains within its calibration schedule.

Quality Certifications

Thermocouples can be certified or calibrated by accredited calibration laboratories that follow international standards, such as ISO/IEC 17025. These laboratories use traceable reference standards and employ qualified personnel to perform the calibration. Calibration certificates provided by these laboratories serve as evidence of the thermocouple’s accuracy & compliance with quality standards.

For the Best Thermocouple Procurement 

There are different methods offering different approaches to calibration, and the choice of method depends on factors such as the required accuracy, available equipment, and the specific application. For the best thermocouple procurement, you can come to the house of Heatcon Sensors whose team promises to provide you the most high-quality products.

 

 

Know All about the Calibration of Thermocouple for Temperature Measurement

Basics about Calibration of Thermocouple for Temperature Measurement

Techniques of Calibration of Thermocouple for Temperature Measurement

About the Calculations

Check Out Heatcon’s Thermocouple Range

Thermocouples are widely used in various industries wherein different applications require temperature measurement. They are preferred due to their simplicity, durability, and wide temperature range capability. However, to ensure accurate & reliable temperature readings, it is crucial to calibrate thermocouples periodically. Calibration of thermocouple for temperature measurement helps identify & correct any deviations or inaccuracies in temperature measurements, ensuring the proper functioning of thermocouples and maintaining measurement integrity. 

Different Thermocouple Types

Thermocouples are available in various types, each suitable for specific temperature ranges & applications. Some common ones are specified beneath:

  • Type K: This is the most widely used one, capable of measuring temperatures ranging from -200°C to +1350°C. It is known for its high accuracy & versatility.
  • Type J: This type is suitable for measuring temperatures from -210°C to +1200°C. It exhibits good sensitivity but has a smaller temperature range compared to Type K.
  • Type T: With a temperature range of -200°C to +350°C, Type T thermocouples are often used in low-temperature applications. They offer excellent accuracy & stability.
  • Type E: These thermocouples have a temperature range of -200°C to +900°C and are commonly used in high-temperature applications. They exhibit high accuracy & resistance to oxidation.
  • Type N: Suitable for temperatures ranging from -200°C to +1300°C, Type N thermocouples provide good accuracy & resistance to high-temperature oxidation.

Basics about Calibration of Thermocouple for Temperature Measurement

Calibration is the process of comparing the output of a measuring thermocouple to a known reference value. By calibrating thermocouples, we can determine their accuracy, identify any measurement deviations, and make necessary adjustments or corrections. The calibration process involves measuring the output of the thermocouple at various known temperatures and creating a calibration curve or table to relate the measured values to the actual temperatures.

Techniques of Calibration of Thermocouple for Temperature Measurement

  • Ice Point Calibration: This method involves immersing the thermocouple junction in a bath of melting ice and water. At this point, the thermocouple should read 0 degrees Celsius (32 degrees Fahrenheit). If there is any deviation, the thermocouple can be adjusted, or the temperature reading can be corrected accordingly.
  • Boiling Point Calibration: In this technique, the thermocouple junction is immersed in boiling water. At sea level, this should correspond to a temperature of 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit) at atmospheric pressure. Similar to the ice point calibration, any deviations can be corrected.
  • Comparison to Reference Standards: This method involves comparing the thermocouple output to a calibrated reference thermometer or temperature standard. The reference device provides accurate temperature readings, and any differences observed in the thermocouple measurement can be noted and adjusted for calibration.

About the Calculations

Keep in mind that different thermocouple types have different voltage-temperature relationships, so it is crucial to use the appropriate method for the specific thermocouple type being calibrated.

Check Out Heatcon’s Thermocouple Range

Calibration of thermocouples for temperature measurement happens to be an essential process for ensuring accurate temperature measurement using thermocouples. Regular calibration is recommended to maintain measurement integrity and achieve reliable temperature readings. Purchase your pick from Heatcon and go through their guidelines & specifications for specific calibration procedures & equations based on the thermocouple type that you are buying.

 

 

What You Need to Know about Thermocouple Malfunction

Reasons of Thermocouple Malfunction
How to Know if the Thermocouple Is Working?
Know of Thermocouple Malfunction
Troubleshoot Thermocouple Malfunction

A thermocouple is a device used to measure temperature by utilizing the principle of the Seebeck effect. It consists of two different metal wires or alloys, known as thermocouple wires, joined together at one end to form a junction. When there is a temperature difference between the junction and the other end of the thermocouple, it generates a voltage that is proportional to the temperature difference. Thermocouple malfunction is a problem you can face!

Reasons of Thermocouple Malfunction

Here are some common issues:

  • Contamination: If the thermocouple gets contaminated with dirt, soot, or other substances, it can affect its ability to generate an accurate voltage. Contamination can occur due to improper combustion, poor ventilation, or a buildup of debris over time.
  • Damage or wear: Physical damage to the thermocouple, such as frayed wires, bent or broken junction, or corrosion, can disrupt the flow of electrical signals and result in a malfunction. Additionally, regular wear and tear can degrade the performance of the thermocouple over time.
  • Loose connections: Loose or faulty connections between the thermocouple and the gas valve or controller can lead to intermittent or no voltage output. 
  • Faulty pilot light: In gas-powered systems, the pilot light heats the thermocouple to generate the necessary voltage. If the pilot light is not functioning correctly or is not heating the thermocouple adequately, it can result in a malfunctioning thermocouple.
  • Aging or deterioration: Like any other electronic component, thermocouples can deteriorate over time due to aging. This can lead to reduced sensitivity or inaccurate temperature readings.

How to Know if the Thermocouple Is Working?

To determine if a thermocouple is working, you can perform an open circuit test. If the voltage reading is within the expected range and remains stable during the test, it suggests that the thermocouple is functioning properly. However, if the voltage reading is too low or unstable, it may indicate a faulty thermocouple that needs to be replaced.

Steps for Open Circuit Test

  • First, put off the supply of gas.
  • Then, locate the thermocouple.
  • After that, inspect it.
  • Now, disconnect it.
  • After that, measure the voltage.
  • Then, apply heat.
  • You need to monitor the multimeter now.
  • Finally, check for a stable reading.

Know of Thermocouple Malfunction

You can follow these steps:

  • Check for a pilot light: In many cases, thermocouples are used in gas-powered systems, such as furnaces or water heaters, to detect the presence of a pilot light. If the pilot light is not staying lit, it could be a sign of a faulty thermocouple.
  • Test the voltage: Use a multimeter to measure the voltage generated by the thermocouple. Disconnect the thermocouple from the gas valve or controller and place the multimeter probes on the two leads of the thermocouple wires. Heat the junction of the thermocouple with a flame (e.g., a lighter) while monitoring the multimeter. If you don’t observe a change in voltage as the temperature increases, it may indicate a malfunctioning thermocouple.
  • Inspect for physical damage: Visually inspect the thermocouple for any signs of physical damage, such as frayed wires, corrosion, or loose connections. If you notice any damage, it could affect the performance of the thermocouple.

Troubleshoot Thermocouple Malfunction

You can perform the following steps:

  • Inspect the thermocouple & clean if required: Visually inspect the thermocouple for any signs of physical damage, contamination, or loose connections. Clean the thermocouple if necessary.
  • Open Circuit Test for voltage output: Use a multimeter to measure the voltage generated by the thermocouple when exposed to heat. Do the open circuit test to check if the thermocouple is producing the expected voltage.
  • Clean or adjust the pilot light if needed: Ensure that the pilot light is functioning correctly and is heating the thermocouple adequately. If the pilot light is weak or not staying lit, it may need to be cleaned or adjusted.
  • Clean the thermocouple: Over time, soot, dirt, or other debris can accumulate on the thermocouple, leading to reduced sensitivity or false readings. Gently clean the thermocouple with a soft cloth or use a fine abrasive pad to remove any buildup.
  • Replace the thermocouple: If all other troubleshooting steps fail, and the thermocouple is confirmed to be faulty, it should be replaced with a new one. 

Check Out Heatcon’s Ultimate Range of Products 

If you suspect a thermocouple malfunction, it’s important to address the issue promptly and, if necessary, seek professional help to ensure safe & reliable functioning of your system. For best experience with the use of these devices, you can always bank upon the efficient services of Heatcon Sensors.

You Need to Know about the Thermocouple Temperature Measurement Errors!

Most Common Reasons for Thermocouple Temperature Measurement Errors

Heatcon as Your Go-To Purchase Destination

Thermocouples happen to be amongst the most well-known instruments for measuring temperature in the various types of industrial settings owing to their awesome versatility and easy usage. But thermocouple temperature measurement errors can still occur. 

Most Common Reasons for Thermocouple Temperature Measurement Errors

Though these devices are quite reliable, thermocouple temperature measurement errors can always occur because of different causes. Let us discuss some of the most common reasons for such errors along with the solutions to rectify them:

  • Choosing the Inappropriate Thermocouple Type on Transmitter: Different thermocouples like type K, type J, type N, type E, type T, type R, type S, & type B etc., are all designed differently to measure different temperature ranges, accuracies, electric outputs, and have different sensitivities. Using the wrong type of thermocouple can result in inaccurate temperature measurements, which happens to be a common error.
  • Issues with the Thermocouple’s Extension Wires: The extension wire used to connect the thermocouple to the measurement device can introduce errors if it is of poor quality or not compatible with the thermocouple type. Factors such as resistance, insulation, and electromagnetic interference can affect the accuracy of the temperature measurement. If one accidentally reverses thermocouple lead wires’ polarity, then the temperature being measured would become wrong due to the difference in the temperatures of the 2 leads ends. The issue is very much fathomable as red is the usual colour for positive charges, however the red wire inside thermocouple’s cables usually has negative signal. Such coloration is in the thermocouples’ ANSI-standard, however it’s not what many people tend to expect.
  • Innate Differences in the Alloys: Thermocouples rely on the principle of thermoelectric effect, where temperature differences generate voltage. However, there can be variations in the alloys used to construct thermocouples, which can result in inconsistent voltage outputs and measurement errors. Remember, no 2 batches of wires would be totally similar. As alloy percentages tend to vary during each process, errors in thermocouple accuracies tend to be inevitable. 
  • Variations in the Temperatures Around Reference Junction’s Connection: Thermocouples require a reference junction to measure temperature accurately. If the temperature at the reference junction deviates from the assumed value, it can introduce erroneous measurement of temperatures. Factors such as ambient temperature fluctuations and poor thermal contact can affect the reference junction temperature.
  • Thermocouple Grounded at Multiple Locations: Grounding a thermocouple at more than one location can create additional thermoelectric junctions, which can introduce errors in the measurement. These additional junctions can generate unwanted voltages that interfere with the desired temperature measurement. If grounded at multiple locations, a “ground loop” could be formed with the current flowing through the thermocouple from 1 specific ground to another. This may tend to creäte electromagnetic fields that can cause radio-frequency-interference-related issues, which may tend to affect the measurement accuracy.
  • Age of the Thermocouple: Over time, thermocouples can degrade due to factors such as corrosion, oxidation, or contamination. This can lead to changes in the thermocouple’s electrical properties, resulting in measurement errors. Regular calibration and replacement of aging thermocouples are necessary to maintain accuracy. Max temperature exposure, cyclic measurement, & frequency of cycles may tend to impact the metallurgy resulting in such a drift, which is mostly downwards. Sadly, such a drift can’t be forecasted, but 10-20 degrees F errors are quite common.

Heatcon as Your Go-To Purchase Destination

Thermocouple temperature measurement errors are common. You can avoid running into losses by choosing your pick from a reliable vendor. Heatcon promises to give you the best-quality in this regard. So, make it your go-to purchase destination!

 

 

 

Thermocouple Types

What Are Thermocouples?
How Do Thermocouples Work?
Most Common Temperature Ranges of Different Thermocouple Types
How to Accurately Measure Temperature Using Thermocouples?
Accuracies & Temperature Ranges of Different Thermocouple Types?
Why Do Various Thermocouple Types Differ in Their Colours?
Thermocouple Types
Differences in Thermocouple Types
Base Metal Thermocouple Types
Noble Metal Thermocouple Types
Refractory Metal Thermocouple Types
Why Is Type K So Much Popular?
How to Select the Most Ideal One?

What Are Thermocouples?

Thermocouples are temperature sensors that consist of two different metal wires joined together at one end. They tend to generate voltages proportional to temperature differences between the junction & wire’s other end. Thermocouples are widely used because they are durable, inexpensive, and can measure a wide range of temperatures. They are commonly employed in various industrial and scientific applications, including temperature monitoring in ovens, furnaces, engines, and electronic devices.

How Do Thermocouples Work? 

Thermocouples are widely used temperature sensors that operate based on the principle of the Seebeck effect. They consist of two dissimilar metal wires joined together at one end, forming a junction. When there is a temperature gradient between the junction and the other end of the wires (known as the reference junction), a voltage is generated across the thermocouple, which is proportional to the temperature difference. Such a phenomenon is called the Seebeck effect. When the junction of the two wires is exposed to a temperature gradient, an electric potential is created across the wires due to the differing electron densities and energy levels of the metals. This potential difference is measured and used to determine the temperature at the junction.

Most Common Temperature Ranges of Different Thermocouple Types

The temperature ranges of thermocouples cover a wide variety of applications, from cryogenic temperatures to extremely high-temperature environments. It is important to select the appropriate thermocouple type that suits the temperature range of your specific application. Here are some most common temperature ranges for different thermocouple types:

  • Type K: -200°C to 1350°C (-328°F to 2462°F)
  • Type J: -210°C to 760°C (-346°F to 1400°F)
  • Type T: -200°C to 370°C (-328°F to 698°F)
  • Type E: -200°C to 900°C (-328°F to 1652°F)
  • Type R: 0°C to 1450°C (32°F to 2642°F)
  • Type S: 0°C to 1450°C (32°F to 2642°F)
  • Type B: 600°C to 1700°C (1112°F to 3092°F)
  • Type C: 0°C to 2320°C (32°F to 4190°F)
  • Type D: 0°C to 2320°C (32°F to 4190°F)

How to Accurately Measure Temperature Using Thermocouples?

To accurately measure temperature, thermocouples require a reference junction, often achieved using an ice bath or a dedicated temperature sensor. Additionally, the voltage generated by a thermocouple is typically small, so amplification or signal conditioning may be necessary to obtain a usable temperature reading.

Accuracies & Temperature Ranges of Different Thermocouple Types?

All thermocouple types have their own temperature ranges & accuracy characteristics. The accuracy of a thermocouple is influenced by factors such as the wire material, manufacturing quality, and the reference junction temperature measurement technique. Generally, the accuracy of base metal thermocouples ranges from ±1 to ±10 degrees Celsius, while noble metal and refractory metal thermocouples offer higher accuracy in the range of ±0.5 to ±1 degree Celsius.

Why Do Various Thermocouple Types Differ in Their Colours?

Thermocouples are color-coded to help users easily identify the type. The colour of the thermocouple wire and the colour of the connector can vary depending on the thermocouple type. The colours provide a quick visual reference for selecting the appropriate thermocouple and ensuring accurate temperature measurements.

Thermocouple Types

There are several thermocouple types, categorized based on the metals used in their construction. The most common types include base metal thermocouples (Type J, Type T, Type E, and Type N), noble metal thermocouples (Type R, Type S, Type C, and Type GB), and refractory metal thermocouples. Each type has specific temperature ranges and characteristics. They are identified by letters assigned to them based on the metals used in their construction.

Differences in Thermocouple Types

Each of the calibrations has a different environment & different temperature range, though the max temperature tends to vary with the wire’s diameter that is being utilised in thermocouples. Though thermocouple’s calibration tends to dictate its temperature range, still the max range is even limited by the wire’s diameter. So, a thin thermocouple might not be able to reach its complete temperature range.

Base Metal Thermocouple Types

  • Type K: Composed of Chromel (Nickel-Chromium) and Alumel (Nickel-Aluminum). Suitable for general-purpose applications and has a wide temperature range (-200°C to 1350°C).
  • Type J: Consists of Iron and Constantan (Copper-Nickel). Often used in low-temperature applications (-210°C to 760°C).
  • Type T: Made of Copper and Constantan. Suitable for cryogenic and low-temperature measurements (-200°C to 370°C).
  • Type E: Comprises Chromel and Constantan. Exhibits good accuracy at moderate temperatures (-200°C to 900°C).
  • Type N: This is made of Nicrosil (74.1 % nickel – 14.4 % chromium – 1.4 % silicon.0.1 % magnesium) & Nisil (95.6 % nickel to 4.4 % silicon). 

Noble Metal Thermocouple Types

  • Type R: Made of Platinum and Platinum-Rhodium (13% Rhodium). Suitable for high-temperature applications (0°C to 1450°C).
  • Type S: Composed of Platinum and Platinum-Rhodium (10% Rhodium). Also used for high-temperature measurements (0°C to 1450°C).
  • Type B: Consists of Platinum-Rhodium alloys (30% Rhodium and 6% Rhodium). Suitable for extremely high-temperature environments (600°C to 1700°C).

Refractory Metal Thermocouple Types

  • Type C: Composed of Tungsten and Tungsten-Rhenium (5% Rhenium). Suitable for ultra-high-temperature measurements (0°C to 2320°C).
  • Type D: Made of Tungsten and Tungsten-Rhenium (3% Rhenium). Used for high-temperature applications (0°C to 2320°C).
  • Type G: These are called WM26Re technically. These have an alloy combination with tungsten (W) & tungsten + 26 % rhenium (W-26 % Re). The maximum operating temperature of this type G is 0 degree Celsius to 2320-degree Celsius. 

Why Is Type K So Much Popular?

Among the various thermocouple types, Type K thermocouples are particularly popular due to their wide temperature range, good accuracy, and relatively low cost. They can be used in a variety of applications, ranging from industrial processes to scientific research. The popularity of Type K thermocouples can be attributed to their versatility, reliability, and availability. The conductor materials that are being utilised this Type K thermocouple tend to be more chemically inert than other types such as Type T & Type J. Though the output of Type K ones tends to be somewhat lower than other Types including Type T, Type J & Type E, still it’s much higher than its nearest competitor (i.e., Type N) & is being in use from pretty long now. 

How to Select the Most Ideal One?

When choosing between different thermocouple types, consider factors such as the temperature range of your application, required accuracy, environmental conditions, and cost. Consult the specifications of the thermocouple types to ensure that you select a thermocouple that meets your specific needs. Additionally, it’s important to consider the compatibility of the thermocouple with the measuring instrument or data acquisition system you intend to use. When choosing between different thermocouple types, there are several factors to consider, as follows: 

  • Temperature Range: One of the primary factors is the temperature range of your application. Different thermocouple types have different temperature limitations, so you need to select a thermocouple that can accurately measure the temperatures you will encounter. If you know the temperature range of your application, you can compare it to the temperature ranges of various thermocouple types. Choose a thermocouple that can comfortably operate within your desired temperature range. Ensure that the chosen thermocouple has a temperature range that covers both the minimum and maximum temperatures you expect to measure. For example, if your application involves measuring temperatures up to 1000°C, a Type K or Type R thermocouple would be suitable since they have temperature ranges that include that range. 
  • Consider Accuracy Requirements: Another important consideration is the required accuracy of temperature measurements. Different thermocouple types have varying accuracy levels, which may be specified by the manufacturer. If you have specific accuracy requirements for your application, ensure that the chosen thermocouple can meet those requirements. Keep in mind that accuracy can also be influenced by factors such as the quality of the thermocouple construction, the calibration process, and the measurement instrumentation used. It’s essential to consider the overall accuracy of the entire measurement system, including the thermocouple and associated equipment.
  • Consider Environmental Conditions: The environmental conditions in which the thermocouple will be used should also be considered. Factors such as corrosive atmospheres, vibrations, and pressure can impact the performance and lifespan of the thermocouple. Some thermocouple types are better suited for specific environments. For example, Type K thermocouples are known for their resistance to oxidation and are often used in industrial applications. On the other hand, Type T thermocouples are suitable for cryogenic applications due to their stability at low temperatures. Consider the specific environmental conditions in which the thermocouple will be exposed and choose a thermocouple type that can withstand those conditions effectively.
  • Consider Cost: The cost of the thermocouple is also an important factor to consider. Thermocouples vary in terms of material composition, manufacturing processes, and availability, which can affect their prices. Evaluate your budget and select a thermocouple that meets your temperature measurement needs while staying within your financial constraints.
  • Conductor Size: Thermocouple wires diameter also required to be considered when long measurements need to be taken. For instance, Type T thermocouples have been rated to 370C/700F, but if the thermocouple has #14AWG wires (with .064” as the diameter) then these are rated for 370C/700F. If the thermocouple that you choose has #30AWG wires, which drops to 150C/300F. 
  • Others: Other crucial considerations tend to be the sheath material (in the immersion probe style), the insulation materials (in case of wires/surface sensors) & sensor geometry.

 Heatcon Sensors

Overall, thermocouples are versatile temperature sensors that find extensive use in various industries due to their simplicity, durability, and wide temperature range capabilities. By considering the factors, including temperature range, accuracy requirements, environmental conditions, cost, etc., you can choose the most suitable thermocouple type for your specific application. Consider Heatcon Sensors as your ultimate destination for procuring the same.

 

 

Cartridge Heaters

How Do Cartridge Heaters Work?

Operating Temperatures of Cartridge Heaters

What Is a Cartridge Heater Utilised for?

Temperature Sensors & Temperature Controllers for Cartridge Heaters

How to Choose the Right Cartridge Heater?

Some FAQs about Cartridge Heaters

What Are Cartridge Heaters?

Cartridge heaters are tube-shaped types of electric heating elements that could possibly be inserted into drilled holes. These happen to be cylindrical in shape and are commonly used for heating applications. It consist of metal sheaths (usually stainless steel) that encloses a heating coil made of a high-resistance wire, such as nichrome. They tend to give quite localized & very precise heating. These are usually utilized in the heating processes in various industries. The heating coil is wound tightly around a ceramic or magnesium oxide core, which provides electrical insulation and efficient heat transfer. Normally, a cartridge heater tends to be utilised for heating metal blocks from inside. Also, these could be customised to specific watt densities that are based upon the needs of the applications. These heaters are quite often used to heat metal parts by making insertions into drilled holes. For speedy & simple installations, these heaters tend to be made somewhat undersized as compared to their usual diameters.

How Do Cartridge Heaters Work?

These heaters work based on the principle of electrical resistance heating. When an electric current is passed through the heating coil, it generates heat due to the resistance offered by the wire. This heat then gets transported to the containing environment via conduction. Cartridge heaters contain resistive coils wound around by ceramic cores, which are further surrounded by dielectrics that are encased inside metal sheaths. Electrically powered heat transferred through the coils to sheaths tend to cause the sheaths to get heated up. This heat is further transmitted to the metal part that needs to be heated. General purpose drills are generally suitable for drilling holes for installing cartridge heaters in low-to-medium temperature applications (600-degree F or lesser than than). Holes could be drilled 0.003″ to 0.008″ over the supposed size of the drill, yielding 0.009″ to 0.04.” Although this particular fit is a little looser than would allow for optimum transfer of heat, it does help while installing & removing these  heaters, specifically those with longer sheaths. For high power, density is much more significant. Holes must be drilled & countersunk, not simply drilled with a general-purpose bit. All thanks to the tighter fit, the heaters run cooler and have a longer service shelf life.

Operating Temperatures of Cartridge Heaters

The operating temperature of a cartridge heater can vary depending on its design and intended application. However, they are typically capable of reaching temperatures ranging from around 200°C (392°F) up to 1000°C (1832°F) or even higher, depending on the specific design and construction. A cartridge heater could possibly operate at low watt densities, medium watt densities, & even at high watt densities. These have been designed in such a way that they can withstand working temperatures of even up to as large as 1400°F. But the optimum operating temperatures would largely depend upon the kind of application it is being used for. You must also understand that there are several other factors too, which could possibly affect the actual temperatures of industrial heaters & the monitored temperatures of materials during such heating cycles; these factors include watt densities of the cartridge heaters, their tightness inside holes, & thermal conductivity of the said material that is being heated. For applications that involve high temperatures, like the ones above 1000°F, sheathes of incoloy material are usually advisable for max heat transfer & fine durability. It’s even significant if you consider electrical termination of cartridges as per the operating temperatures. When the cartridge heaters are utilised at fairly high temperatures, the electric terminals must be either different than the common lead wires of high temperatures or these cartridges must be designed in such a way that the temperatures surrounding the lead wires are well-maintained at much lower temperatures than the limits of the temperatures of those particular lead wires.

What Is a Cartridge Heater Utilised for?

Cartridge heaters find applications in various industries & processes where localized heating is required. Some common uses include the following:

  • Plastic injection moulding: Cartridge heaters are often used to heat the nozzles or the hot runner systems of injection moulding machines.
  • Packaging and sealing equipment: They are used for heat sealing applications in packaging machines, such as sealing plastic bags or containers.
  • Hot stamping: Cartridge heaters provide the necessary heat for hot stamping machines used in marking or branding processes.
  • Food processing: Cartridge heaters can be used in ovens, cooking equipment, or other food processing applications where localized heating is needed.
  • Heating gases & liquids: Cartridge heaters can be used to heat liquids or gases by immersing them directly into the medium or through indirect heating methods like heat transfer through pipes or vessels.
  • Other uses: Cartridge heaters are often used in hot runner moulds, semiconductors, medical equipment, laminating presses, scientific equipment etc. 

Temperature Sensors & Temperature Controllers for Cartridge Heaters

To control the temperature of cartridge heaters, temperature controllers are utilized. Temperature controllers are devices that monitor & regulate the temperature of the heating element. They typically include a temperature sensor, a control mechanism, and an output to adjust the power supplied to the cartridge heater. Temperature sensors for cartridge heaters are commonly either thermocouples or resistance temperature detectors (RTDs). Thermocouples are made of two different metals joined together, which produce a voltage proportional to the temperature difference. RTDs, on the other hand, use the principle of the change in electrical resistance of a metal with temperature. Both types of sensors provide temperature feedback to the temperature controller. The temperature controller receives input from the temperature sensor and compares it to the desired set temperature. Based on this comparison, the controller adjusts the power supplied to the cartridge heater to achieve and maintain the desired temperature. This is usually done using a feedback control loop that continuously monitors and adjusts the power output.

How to Choose the Right Cartridge Heater?

Choosing the right cartridge heater requires considering several factors to ensure it meets your specific requirements. Here are some key considerations when selecting a cartridge heater:

  • Operating temperature: Determine the maximum temperature required for your application. Cartridge heaters come in various temperature ratings, so select one that can withstand the desired operating temperature without compromising performance or safety.
  • Wattage & voltage: Determine the power requirements of your application, including the wattage and voltage. Ensure the cartridge heater you choose matches these requirements to provide the necessary heating power.
  • Size & shape: Consider the dimensions and shape of the cartridge heater. It should fit properly into the intended heating location or equipment. Consider the length, diameter, and any specific shape requirements to ensure a proper fit.
  • Material & sheath: Choose the appropriate sheath material based on the environment and application conditions. Stainless steel is commonly used for its durability, corrosion resistance, and ability to handle high temperatures. However, other materials like Incoloy or titanium may be suitable for specific applications.
  • Lead wire options: Cartridge heaters typically have lead wires for electrical connection. Determine the length, type (such as fiberglass insulated or silicone insulated), and connection options (such as leads with connectors or bare leads) that best suit your application.
  • Mounting options: Consider how the cartridge heater will be mounted or installed. Different heaters may have specific mounting options such as threaded fittings, flanges, or other custom options. Ensure the mounting method aligns with your requirements.
  • Special features: Depending on your application, you may need additional features such as built-in temperature sensors (thermocouples or RTDs) for precise temperature control or specific insulation options for electrical safety.
  • Application requirements: Consider any additional requirements specific to your application, such as compatibility with certain chemicals, moisture resistance, or resistance to vibrations or shocks.

Some FAQs about Cartridge Heaters

These FAQs provide a general understanding of cartridge heaters and address some common questions. However, specific details and requirements may vary depending on the intended application.

  • What is the maximum operating temperature of a cartridge heater? The maximum operating temperature of a cartridge heater can vary depending on its design and construction. It typically ranges from around 200°C (392°F) up to 1000°C (1832°F) or higher, depending on the specific model and materials used.
  • Can cartridge heaters be used in wet or corrosive environments? Cartridge heaters can be designed to withstand wet or corrosive environments by using appropriate materials for the sheath and insulation. It’s essential to select cartridge heaters specifically designed for such conditions.
  • What are the standard sizes of cartridge heaters available? Cartridge heaters come in various standard sizes. Common diameters range from 6mm (0.24 inches) to 20mm (0.79 inches) or larger, and lengths can vary from a few centimetres to several tens of centimetres.
  • Can cartridge heaters be customized for specific applications? Yes, cartridge heaters can be customized to suit specific applications. Customization options may include different sheath materials, shapes, wattages, voltages, lead wire configurations, built-in sensors, mounting options, and more.
  • What is the typical power rating of a cartridge heater? The power rating of a cartridge heater can vary depending on its size and intended application. Common power ratings range from a few watts to several kilowatts.
  • How are cartridge heaters installed? Cartridge heaters are typically inserted into a hole or a cavity in the equipment or component that requires heating. The hole is sized to match the diameter of the cartridge heater, ensuring a snug fit.
  • Can cartridge heaters be used for heating liquids or gases? Yes, cartridge heaters can be used to heat liquids or gases by immersing them directly into the medium or through indirect heating methods like heat transfer through pipes or vessels.
  • Are temperature controllers necessary for cartridge heaters? Temperature controllers are recommended for precise temperature control and safety. They allow you to monitor and regulate the temperature of the cartridge heater to maintain the desired set point.
  • What is the typical lifespan of a cartridge heater? The lifespans of cartridge heaters could possibly vary as per different factors including operating temperatures, duty cycles, & environmental conditions. With proper usage and maintenance, cartridge heaters can typically last for thousands of hours of operation.
  • Can cartridge heaters be replaced or repaired? In most cases, cartridge heaters can be replaced if they become faulty or damaged. Repairing them may not be practical due to their compact design, but replacement is usually straightforward.

Buy Cartridge Heaters in India from Heatcon Sensors

Overall, cartridge heaters, along with temperature controllers & sensors, provide versatile heating solutions for a vast range of industrial applications, which need localized & controlled heating. By evaluating the factors and clearly defining your application requirements, you can select the right cartridge heater that meets your specific needs for temperature, power, size, and compatibility. Consulting with Heatcon, which is a trusted supplier or manufacturer, can help you gather valuable guidance in choosing the most suitable cartridge heater for your application. Heatcon Sensors happens to be a leading name in this domain. If you are looking to buy a cartridge heater, then you know where to go! Yeah! This is the place to be! Heatcon could be your most appropriate go-to destination for making such a purchase. They have brilliant cartridge heaters catering to many industrial applications. Heatcon is a one-stop-shop for all your needs related to such heating requirements. Whichever industry you might be working in, they will have a suitable model of a cartridge heater for your particular need! Heatcon Happens to be a reliable manufacturer with a good reputation for producing quality cartridge heaters. They provide good customer support. They give warranty on their products. Technical assistance is also available, if needed.

 

 

RTDs

Advantages of Using RTDs

RTD Probe’s Construction

Wiring Arrangement

Materials of the Wires

The Configuration

Liquid’s Temperature Measurement Using an RTD

Measuring Air & Gas Temperatures Using RTD Sensors

Measuring Surface Temperatures

 

Introducing Resistance-Temperature-Detectors (RTDs)

These happen to be the temperature sensors that tend to consist of a resistor, which alters the resistance value when there are changes in the temperature. These are being used for several years now for measuring temperatures in labs & other industrial processes. These have formed a good reputation for repeatability, accuracy, & stability. Most of the elements of an RTD contain a finely twisted wire that is wound around a glass core or a ceramic. The element is generally very delicate; therefore, it’s usually located in a sheathed protective probe. The RTD element happens to be built of pure materials for withstanding varied temperatures. Material’s resistance changes predictably when there are changes in the temperature; that predicted change is usually utilized for determining the temperatures.

The Origin 

Sir Humphrey Davy saw that metals resistivity showed considerable temperature dependence, and this discovery happened in the same year in which Seebeck discovered thermoelectricity. After 50 years, Sir William Siemens proposed using platinum as the resistance ‘s element.

Advantages of Using RTDs

The resistance temperature detector happens to be the most accurate temperature sensor. In addition to good accuracy, it also offers great stability & excellent repeatability. Such an RTD is even relatively immune to electric noises and are thus suited for temperature measurement in different industrial environments, specifically near generators, motors, & other such high voltage equipment.

RTD Probe’s Construction 

Such probes are the assemblies consisting of one element, one sheath, one lead wire & one terminal/connection. Once the element has been chosen, the wiring & packaging needs are to be decided. Sensors can be connected in many ways & there are unlimited sensors or sensor structures to make the selection.

Wiring Arrangement

For measuring temperatures, the element of the RTD should be joined to a monitoring/control device. Now, as the measurement of the temperature is entirely based upon the resistance of the element, any other resistance that has been added to that circuit (resistance of wires, connections, etc.) can lead to an error in the measurement. Any other wiring than the two-wire configuration allows control/monitoring of the devices to account for unwanted wire resistance & other such resistances inside that circuit. Sensors using a three-wire design happen to be quite common designs utilised for industrial processes as well as monitoring/control applications. The resistance of the wires is considered, provided that all the lead wires are having similar resistance; else errors may occur.

Materials of the Wires

While determining the materials of the lead wire, the correct wires must be selected based on the temperature & environment to which that sensor would be exposed during operation. Temperature is by far the most crucial factor in wire selection, but physical properties like abrasion resistance & water submersion properties could be significant too. The 3 widely popular structures are given as under: 

  • PVC insulated probe provides the temperature range of -40 degrees Celsius to 105 degrees Celsius. It also has nice wear resistance. It is also suitable for water immersion. 
  • PFA insulated RTD probe provides the temperature range of -267 degrees Celsius to 260 degrees Celsius. It also provides supercool wear resistance. It is even perfect for water submersion applications. 
  • Although an RTD probe with fiberglass insulation tends to provide a higher temperature range from -73 to 482 degrees Celsius, its performance is considered less effective when consumed or immersed in water.

The Termination

An RTD probe might be stopped via a connection end, or through a quick disconnect, or by a terminal block or even by an extension wire. There are other finishing styles too. 

The Configuration

As the RTD element, the wire layout & the wire structuring have been chosen, the physical structuring of the sensor must be acknowledged. The configuration of the final sensor largely depends on the type of application needed. Varied sensor configurations are needed for measuring the temperatures of liquids, surfaces, or gas streams.

Widely Popular RTD’s Resistance Materials

  • Platinum (highly accurate & widely popular)
  • Nickel
  • Copper
  • Balco (very rare)
  • Tungsten (quite rare)

RTD standards

There happen to be 2 standards for a platinum RTD. These are 1) the European standard (which is even called IEC standard or the DIN) and 2) the American standard. The European one has been considered the global platinum RTD standard. This particular standard, DIN/IEC 60751 (or only IEC751), needs the RTD for having an electric resistance of 100.00 Ω at 0 degrees Celsius, & also the temperature-coefficient-of-resistance (i.e., the TCR) of 0.00385 Ω/Ω/degree Celsius between 0 degree Celsius & 100 degree Celsius. The amalgamation of temperature coefficient & resistance tolerance tends to determine the resistance & temperature characteristics of such an RTD sensor. The greater is the tolerance of the element, the more the sensor deviates from the general curve & greater will be the variability from 1 sensor to another (which is also called interchangeability). This is significant for those users who require the replacement of sensors & need to curtail any interchangeability errors.

Selecting the Most Ideal RTD 

  • RTD Element: This is RTD’s simplest form. This contains one piece of wire that is wrapped around a glass core or a ceramic. Owing to their small size, such an element is usually utilised where space is quite limited.  
  • RTD Surface Element: This happens to be a special RTD element type. This is made pretty thin, which ensures nice contact for measuring temperatures on a flat surface.  
  • RTD Probe: This happens to be a highly robust RTD form. This contains an RTD element, which has been mounted in a metal tube, which is also called sheath that safeguards the element from the environment.

FAQs

  • Why should one be using an RTD rather than a thermistor sensor or a thermocouple? All types of temperature sensors have specific conditions for which they are ideal. As far as RTDs are concerned, with a wide temperature range up to even 850 degrees Celsius, they could be utilised in most of the industrial processes, even in the high-temperature ones. When an RTD is made with the metals like platinum, these become highly stable, and then they aren’t damaged much by oxidation/corrosion. Other materials including copper, nickel-iron alloy, or just nickel too could be utilised for RTDs. But such materials aren’t used generally as they are having low temperature ability, and they aren’t quite stable also or have repeatable capability as that is there in platinum. So, RTDs provide many benefits, some of which are as follows:
  • Lengthy stability
  • Nice interchangeability
  • Fine accuracy (even better than a thermocouple)
  • Vast temperature range (from around -200 degree Celsius to 850 degrees Celsius)

Liquid’s Temperature Measurement Using an RTD

Sensors that are probe-type are most commonly utilised to measure liquids. These could be quite simple ones having connection heads along with transmitters. Out of these, a widely popular sensor is the quick-disconnect one. It could be utilised as is, with compression fitting for installing flexibly. While doing the measurement of temperature in very harsh environmental conditions like that in plating baths or like in high-pressure systems, these sensors could be covered materials such as PFA Teflon® or contained in a protective housing of thermowell for protecting it against any harsh conditions.

Measuring Air & Gas Temperatures Using RTD Sensors

Measuring air & gas flow is quite a challenge in itself as the rate at which temperature transfers from liquids to sensors tends to be quite slow in the case of liquids. This is why, sensors especially made to be used in air/gas place the sensing element in close proximity to the environment. Such sensors tend to allow the sensing element to be in almost direct contact with the air flow. Such a design is quite popular for measuring temperature of the air in labs, clean rooms, & other such places because the housing design includes elements, which allow air to flow past the element. If such a situation needs some more protection for the sensors, an alternative is to utilise a structure quite like the RTD-860. Such a model has a small-diameter sensor having a mounting flange. The set reacts a little slower to alterations in the air flow, however, it provides better protection for the sensors.

Measuring Surface Temperatures

Measuring surface temperature could possibly be a very intricate thing to do properly & accurately. There’re several styles to make the selection, as per how anyone wishes to mount the sensors, how sensitive the sensor should be to any temperature alterations, and whether or not the installation would be permanent. Some of these are quite speedy & highly accurate responding surface RTDs

RTD Glossary

  • RTD: RTD is the abbreviation for resistance-temperature-detector/device. These indicators work on the principle that the electrical resistance of the conductor alters with the temperature.  
  • RTD Element: Part of an RTD sensor that could be built mostly of nickel, platinum, or copper material. 
  • RTD Probe: This happens to be an assembly consisting of an element, a sheath or housing, a wire & a terminal/connection. 
  • Platinum RTDs: Even called Pt RTDs, these are usually the most linear, most stable, most repeatable and highly accurate of all of the other RTDs. 
  • Thin Film RTD: These consist of a thin layer of base metal, which has been embedded in a ceramic substrate & cut for achieving the wished resistance. 
  • Class A RTD: Highest tolerance & accuracy of RTD elements, Class A (IEC-751), alpha = 0.00385 
  • Class B RTD: The most common of the RTD element tolerance & accuracy, Class B (IEC-751), alpha = 0.00385 
  • Aplha .00385 curve: The European curve corresponds to the tolerance of the “0.1% DIN” standard & conforms to the DIN 3760-standard. 
  • Sheath: The casing, a tube with a closed end, secures the element, and protects it against moisture & the medium to be measured. This also gives protection as well as stability to the transition wires from the sensitive element wires. 

Buy an RTD in India – Contact Heatcon 

Heatcon Sensors is a leading name in this domain. If you are looking to buy something of this sort, then you know where to go! Yeah! This is the place to be! Heatcon could be your most appropriate go-to destination for making these purchases. They have brilliant products catering to this domain. Heatcon is a one-stop-shop for all your needs related to temperature sensors. Whichever industry you might be working in, they will have a suitable model for your specific need for sure!

 

 

Thermocouples

About the Seebeck Effect

How Do Thermocouples Work?

Types of Thermocouples

What’s the Response Time of Thermocouples?

How to Choose the Most Ideal Junction Type?

Choosing the Most Apt Thermocouple

How to select between thermocouples, RTDs, thermistors & infrared devices?

 

What Are Thermocouples? Introducing the Concept of Temperature Measurement

Thermocouples are basically the sensors used to measure temperature. These sensors consist of 2 different metal wires, which have been linked at one of the ends & connected to the thermometer of the thermocouple or other device that is thermocouple-capable at the other end. When it’s properly configured, a thermocouple could possibly assist in providing accurate temperature measurement over a vast temperature range. A thermocouple is known for its versatility as a temperature sensor so generally utilised over numerous applications, from industrial usages to regular utilities & appliances. Owing to its vast range of models & specifications (technical), it’s highly significant to figure out its basic structuring, how it works, the range as to better decide which is the right type of thermocouple & the right type of thermocouple material for your specific application.

 

About the Seebeck Effect

In the year 1821, Thomas Seebeck, who was a German physicist, had discovered the constant current flow inside the thermoelectric circuits when 2 wires of non-similar metals are conjoined at both the ends & one of those ends is heated.

 

How Do Thermocouples Work?

When 2 wires consisting of different metals tend to be connected at both the ends & 1 end is heated, there’s a constant current that flows inside the thermoelectric circuits. If such circuits tend to get broken towards the centre, the Seebeck-voltage, which is the net-open-circuit’s voltage, happens to be a function of the junction’s temperature & the composition of those 2 metals. This tends to imply that when such a junction of 2 metals is either heated or cooled, a voltage tends to be released that could be correlated back to that particular temperature.

 

Types of Thermocouples

Thermocouples tend to be available in varied combinations of metals/calibrations. The most common of them are the “Base-Metal-Thermocouples,” which are called a Type J, Type K, Type T, Type E & Type N. There are even high temperature calibrations, called as “Noble-Metal-Thermocouples,” which are Type R, Type S, Type & Type GB. All of these calibrations tend to have different temperature ranges as well as different environments, though the maximum temperature tends to vary with the wire’s diameter, this is the wire that is utilised inside the thermocouple. Though the thermocouple’s calibration commands the range of the temperature, still the maximum temperature range is even limited by the thermocouple wire’s diameter. This shows that a quite thin thermocouple might not reach the full range of temperature. Type K thermocouples tend to be known for general purposes owing to their low cost & their temperature range.

 

Choosing Thermocouples

  1. First and foremost, try to determine your application where you would utilize the thermocouple.
  2. Then, analyze the ranges of temperatures to which your thermocouple would get exposed to.
  3. Also, consider any of the chemical resistances required for your thermocouple/sheath material.
  4. After that, evaluate your need for abrasion & vibration resistance.
  5. Lastly, list any of the installation needs.

 

Choosing the Type of Thermocouple

As thermocouples measure in vast ranges of temperatures & could be relatively rugged, therefore these have quite frequently industry usages. The criteria given below are used while choosing the right thermocouple:

  • Temperature ranges
  • Thermocouple’s chemical resistance or sheath material
  • Abrasion resistance & vibration resistance
  • Installation needs 

 

What’s the Response Time of Thermocouples?

A time-constant tends to be expressed as that time, which is required by the sensor for reaching 63.2 percent value of a step-change in that temperature under the mentioned conditions. 5-time constants tend to be needed for the sensor for approaching a 100 percent value of the step-change. The exposed-junction-thermocouple tends to provide the speediest response. Additionally, the smaller is the diameter of the probe sheath, the speedier is the response, but the maximum temperature might be lesser. Also, one needs to be aware of the fact that the probe sheath sometimes can’t withstand the full range of temperature of the thermocouple’s type. 

 

How to Choose the Most Ideal Junction Type?

The probes of sheathed thermocouple tend to be available with 1 of the 3 junction types, which are as follows:

  1. Grounded
  2. Ungrounded 
  3. Exposed

Right at grounded one’s tip, the wires of the thermocouple tend to be attached physically towards the inside of the wall of that probe, which leads to proper heat transfer from the outside, via the probe’s wall to the thermocouple’s junction. In the ungrounded one, the junction gets disengaged from the wall, & also the response time tends to be slower than that of the grounded one, but the ungrounded one tends to provide electrical isolation.

 

Where to Buy Thermocouples in India?

Heatcon Sensors happens to be the one-stop-source for all these requirements. With worthy products, effective process measurement and good process control, Heatcon provides you with the best shopping experience for procuring the best-in-class Thermocouples. 

 

Choosing the Most Apt Thermocouple

  • Beaded-Wire Thermocouples: Beaded-wire thermocouples happen to be the simplest thermocouples. They contain 2 pieces of thermocouple wires, which are connected by a welded bead. Now, as these thermocouple beads are exposed, the applications have many limitations. These thermocouples mustn’t be utilised with liquids, which may corrode/oxidize the thermocouple compounds/alloys. Metal surfaces could even be problematic. Metal surfaces, especially pipes, are often utilized for grounding the electrical systems. Indirect connections to the electrical systems can affect measurement of the thermocouples. Generally, such a type of thermocouple happens to be a nice selection for measuring gas temperature. Because it could be very small, it offers quite speedy response times. 
  • Thermocouple Probes: Thermocouple probes consist of a thermocouple-wire that is placed inside the metal tube. The tube wall is called the probe’s sheath. The most common sheath material is stainless steel & Inconel®, which happen to support much higher ranges of temperatures than that of stainless steel, but stainless steel is usually preferred owing to its broader chemical compatibility. Some other more exotic materials for sheaths are available for quite a higher range of temperatures. The thermocouple probe tip is usually available in 3 varying styles, which are grounded, ungrounded & exposed. With the grounded end or tip, the thermocouple remains in contact with the wall of the sheath. The ground one gives faster response time, however it’s quite sensitive to electric ground loops. In the ungrounded junction, thermocouples tend to be separated from the wall of the sheath by an insulating layer. The end or tip of the thermocouples extends outside the wall of the sheath with an exposed junction. These happen to be ideal for measuring air. 
  • Surface Probes: Measuring the temperatures of solid surfaces happens to be tough for many sorts of temperature sensors. For ensuring accurate measurements, the total measuring region of ​​the sensors should be in contact with its surface. This becomes tough while working with rigid sensors & surfaces. As a thermocouple is made of flexible/pliable metals, the junction could be made flat & thin for ensuring maximum contact with rigid solid surfaces. Such a thermocouples is a great selection for measuring the surfaces. Thermocouples could also be turned into rotating mechanisms, so that they become ideal for the measurement of temperature of moving surfaces. 
  • Wireless Thermocouple: Wireless Bluetooth transmitter connects to the smartphones/tables for recording, logging, tracking, measuring & monitoring the temperatures. Such a transmitter measures a variety of sensor inputs to include, but not limit to, temperatures, pH values, RTDs, & relative humidity. Data transfer takes place via wireless Bluetooth technology to smartphone devices or tablets, on which the applications are installed. These applications allow the smartphones to pair & configure multiple transmitters.

FAQs

  • What is the accuracy level & temperature measuring ranges of different types of thermocouples? For knowing about the accuracies & temperature ranges of different types of thermocouples, there is a thermocouple colour coding. It’s significant to recall that both of the accuracy & the carrying capacity depends on some aspects including the alloys of the thermocouples, the measured temperatures, the structuring of the sensors, the sheath materials, the substances that are to be measured, the state of the environment (liquid or solid or gaseous) and the thermocouple-wire’s diameter (if exposed) or the sheath’s diameter (if the wire of the thermocouple isn’t really exposed but sheathed). 
  • Which one should be used; grounded probe or ungrounded one? This largely depends upon the instruments. If it’s possible that there is a reference to the ground (usually seen in controllers commonly with non-isolating inputs), in that case, ungrounded probes would be needed. If the instruments are portable or handheld meters, in those cases, grounded probes would be preferred. 
  • Can multimeters be used to measure temperature using a thermocouple? Thermoelectric voltage overall magnitude largely depends upon the closed (detecting) & open (measuring) ends of the wires of a given thermocouples’ assemblies with alloy leads. Temperature sensors using thermocouples consider the temperature of the measuring side for determining the temperature of the sensing side. Many of the millivolt meters don’t have such a feature, nor they have the non-linear scaling capability for converting the measurement of millivolt into a value of the temperature. Lookup tables can be used to fix a given military voltage reading & calculate the temperature that is being sensed. But the corrected value should be constantly recalculated because it’s usually not constant all the time. Small temperature alterations in the measuring devices & heads would alter this correction value.  

How to select between thermocouples, RTDs, thermistors & infrared devices?

You must acknowledge the capabilities, features & prices of different sensors, along with their existing instruments. Additionally, thermocouples could usually help in measuring temperatures over wide ranges, and also, they are inexpensive & quite durable, but these are not as accurate/stable as Resistance-Temperature-Detectors (RTDs) & thermistors. Resistance-Temperature-Detectors are fairly more stable & they also have a quite wide range of temperature measurement, but these aren’t as durable & inexpensive as the thermocouples are. Now, as they need the utilization of electrical current to measure, RTDs could be prone to errors due to self-heating. Thermistors, on the other hand, are generally more accurate than RTDs/thermocouples but these tend to have a more limited range of temperature measurements. These are also prone to self-heating. An infrared sensor could be utilised for measuring temperatures, which tend to be higher than any other device that too without any direct contacts with the measured surfaces. But these are usually not as accurate and sensitive to the surface-radiation-efficiency (surface-emissivity). Using fibre optic cables, these could help in measuring surfaces, which aren’t in the direct line of sight.

 

 

2 Ways of Using Thermocouple to Measure Temperature in an Industrial Setting!

Optimized for Simplicity & Cost-Effectiveness

Optimized for Accuracy & Flexibility

Using Thermocouple to Measure Temperature

Practically Putting Thermocouples to Measure Temperature

Thermocouples are widely used temperature sensors due to their simplicity, durability, and wide temperature range capabilities. They consist of two dissimilar metal wires that generate a voltage proportional to the temperature difference between their measuring and reference junctions. This voltage can be measured and converted into temperature readings, making thermocouples a valuable tool in various industries, including manufacturing, automotive, aerospace, and scientific research. 

Using Thermocouple to Measure Temperature: 2 Different Means of Measurement

Let us explore two different means of using thermocouple to measure temperature: one optimized for simplicity and another optimized for accuracy & flexibility.

#1: Optimized for Simplicity & Cost-Effectiveness

When it comes to simple temperature measurements, thermocouples offer a straightforward & cost-effective solution. The setup typically involves a thermocouple probe, extension wires, and a temperature indicator or data acquisition system. Here’s a step-by-step guide to practically implementing this measurement solution while using thermocouple to measure temperature:

  • Select the appropriate thermocouple type: Thermocouples are available in various types, including Type K, Type J, Type T, and Type E, each with different temperature ranges and sensitivities. Choose the thermocouple type that suits your specific application requirements.
  • Prepare the thermocouple probe: The thermocouple probe is the part of the sensor that comes into direct contact with the object or medium being measured. Ensure that the probe is clean and free from any contaminants that could affect the temperature reading.
  • Connect the extension wires: Extension wires are used to connect the thermocouple probe to the temperature indicator or data acquisition system. Use extension wires made from the same thermocouple materials to maintain accuracy. Keep the wire length as short as possible to minimize signal degradation.
  • Reference junction compensation: The reference junction is the point where the thermocouple wires connect to the temperature indicator or data acquisition system. Since the reference junction is typically at a different temperature than the measurement point, it is crucial to compensate for this difference. This can be achieved by using a reference junction compensation method, such as a built-in cold junction compensator or an external reference junction temperature sensor.
  • Calibration and accuracy verification: To ensure accurate temperature measurements, it is essential to calibrate the thermocouple system periodically. This involves comparing the readings from the thermocouple with a known temperature reference source. Calibration can be performed using certified temperature standards or calibration equipment.

#2: Optimized for Accuracy & Flexibility

While the first measurement solution provides simplicity & cost-effectiveness, certain applications require higher accuracy & greater flexibility in temperature measurements. Here’s a more advanced approach for optimizing accuracy & flexibility while using thermocouple to measure temperature:

  • Use a thermocouple data logger: A thermocouple data logger is a device that combines the functions of a temperature indicator and a data acquisition system. It allows for continuous temperature monitoring and logging over extended periods. Look for a data logger that supports the specific thermocouple type and temperature range you require.
  • Implement multiple thermocouples: By employing multiple thermocouples, you can monitor temperature variations at different points simultaneously. This technique is particularly useful in applications where temperature gradients or spatial variations need to be analysed.
  • Consider thermocouple amplifiers: Thermocouple amplifiers amplify the small voltage signals generated by thermocouples, reducing noise, and improving measurement accuracy. These amplifiers can be integrated into the data acquisition system or used as standalone modules.
  • Implement cold junction compensation techniques: Compensating for the temperature difference between the reference junction and the measurement point is crucial for accuracy. Utilize advanced cold junction compensation techniques such as isothermal blocks, thermoelectric coolers, or active compensation circuits to achieve highly accurate temperature measurements.
  • Perform system validation: Regular system validation is vital to ensure accuracy & reliability. Validate the thermocouple measurement system by comparing its readings with other calibrated temperature sensors or traceable temperature references.

Using Thermocouple to Measure Temperature

So, using thermocouple to measure temperature has great industrial relevance as thermocouples provide a versatile & practical means of measuring temperature in a wide range of applications. By following the guidelines mentioned above, you can implement thermocouple-based temperature measurement solutions optimized for simplicity, accuracy, and flexibility. Whether you require a straightforward temperature reading or advanced monitoring capabilities, thermocouples offer a reliable and cost-effective solution. Always remember to consult the thermocouple manufacturer’s guidelines and best practices for your specific application to maximize accuracy and performance. Heatcon Sensors would be the best company to procure thermocouples for moving forward with your requirement.  

 

 

There Is Great Use of Thermocouples in Everyday Life for Temperature Measurement

What are Thermocouples?

Great Use of Thermocouples in Everyday Life in Temperature Measurement

Potential Issues with Thermocouples

Troubleshooting Thermocouple Issues

How to Test a Used Thermocouple Using System Tests?

Thermocouple: An Economical & Accurate Means to Measure Temperature 

Temperature measurement is crucial in various industries and applications, ranging from industrial processes to scientific research. Among the different temperature measurement devices available, thermocouples stand out as a reliable and cost-effective solution. 

What are Thermocouples?

Thermocouples are temperature sensors that generate a voltage proportional to the temperature difference between their two junctions. They are made of two dissimilar metal wires, joined together at one end, known as the hot or measurement junction, while the other end remains unconnected, forming the reference or cold junction. When there is a temperature gradient between the hot and cold junctions, a thermoelectric effect is produced, resulting in the generation of a small voltage.

Great Use of Thermocouples in Everyday Life in Temperature Measurement

Here’s the detail about the great use of Thermocouples in everyday life for different temperature measurement requirements. 

  • Wide Temperature Range: Thermocouples can measure temperatures from extremely low (cryogenic) to extremely high (up to 2,300°C or higher) ranges. This versatility makes them suitable for various industrial applications and scientific research.
  • Quick Response Time: Thermocouples offer a rapid response to temperature changes, making them ideal for dynamic processes that require real-time temperature monitoring and control.
  • Robustness: Thermocouples are highly durable and can withstand harsh environments, including high pressures, corrosive atmospheres, and mechanical vibrations. This robustness makes them suitable for challenging industrial settings.
  • Cost-Effective: Thermocouples are relatively inexpensive compared to other temperature measurement devices, such as resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) or thermistors. This cost-effectiveness makes them a popular choice, especially in applications requiring multiple temperature sensors.

Fundamentals of Thermocouples

  • Seebeck Effect: The Seebeck effect is the underlying principle behind the functioning of thermocouples. It states that when two dissimilar metals are connected and exposed to a temperature gradient, a voltage is generated across the junctions, which happens to be in direct proportion to the difference in the temperatures.
  • Thermoelectric Circuit: A thermocouple forms a thermoelectric circuit consisting of two dissimilar metal wires. The metals used and their combinations determine the thermocouple type, such as Type K, Type J, or Type T. Each type has specific temperature ranges and characteristics.

Potential Issues with Thermocouples

While thermocouples are reliable, a few problems can arise, some of which are given underneath:

  • Damage to Parts: Sheaths, protection tubes, & also thermowells, could possibly tend to fail owing to the damage done by corrosion or due to any mechanical damages.
  • Temperature Issues: The processes could possibly go over temperature, which can then expose thermoelements to temperatures higher than the anticipated limits.
  • Measurement Inaccuracies: Environmental factors, such as electromagnetic interference or poor electrical connections, can cause measurement inaccuracies. Calibration drift over time is also a concern.
  • Cold Junction Compensation: The reference or cold junction must be maintained at a known temperature to ensure accurate measurements. Failure to compensate for the cold junction temperature can lead to errors.
  • Thermocouple Breaks: Physical damage to the thermocouple wires or junctions can cause open circuits and result in incorrect temperature readings.
  • Human Errors: Human errors could also be the causative factors. Controls might be set incorrectly; connections might be made imperfectly, & actions might be inappropriate for the operating conditions could possibly be inadvertently applied. Instrument pooling along with training & accountability are common ways to combat such mistakes.

 

Troubleshooting Thermocouple Issues

  • Check Connections: Ensure that the thermocouple connections are secure and free from corrosion or loose contacts.
  • Calibrate Regularly: Periodic calibration against a known temperature source helps identify and correct any calibration drift or inaccuracies.
  • Cold Junction Compensation: Use a cold junction compensator, such as a thermocouple reference table or a dedicated temperature transmitter, to accurately compensate for the cold junction temperature.

Testing a Used Thermocouple

  • Visual Inspection: Examine the thermocouple for physical damage, such as broken wires, loose connections, or signs of wear and tear.
  • System Tests: Connect the thermocouple to a known temperature source and compare the displayed temperature with the reference value. 

How to Test a Used Thermocouple Using System Tests?

Testing a used thermocouple using system tests involves verifying its functionality and accuracy within a temperature measurement system. Here are the steps to perform a system test:

  • Gather Required Equipment: You will need the following equipment for testing:
    • Known Temperature Source: This can be a calibrated reference thermometer or a temperature chamber with a known temperature.
    • Portable Temperature Indicator: This happens to be quite a useful tool for troubleshooting thermocouple systems. It can work with 2 or more varied types of thermocouples, and some offer an “output” feature that produces an electrical output for simulating the thermocouple operating at a certain temperature(s).
    • Thermocouple Reference Tables: Obtain reference tables specific to the thermocouple type you are testing.
  • Prepare the Setup
    • Connect the used thermocouple to the temperature measurement system or a signal conditioner that converts the thermocouple voltage to a measurable millivolt signal.
    • Do ensure that all of the connections are well-secure & thoroughly tight.
  • Test Procedure
    • Set up the known temperature source to a specific temperature within the thermocouple’s range.
    • Connect the positive (hot) junction of the thermocouple to the known temperature source and the negative (cold) junction to the reference temperature or ambient temperature.
    • Use the tester to measure the voltage generated by the thermocouple. 
    • Compare the measured voltage with the expected millivolt value from the thermocouple reference tables for the given temperature. Consider the polarity and correct any signs accordingly.
    • Calculate the temperature reading using the reference tables if the measured voltage matches the expected value. Ensure that the calculated temperature aligns with the known temperature source.
  • Evaluate the Results
    • If the measured voltage and calculated temperature closely match the expected values within an acceptable tolerance, the thermocouple is functioning correctly.
    • If there are significant deviations from the expected values, it indicates potential issues with the thermocouple. Further troubleshooting or calibration may be necessary.

Procure the Best Quality Thermocouples from Heatcon

So, there is quite a good amount of use of thermocouples in everyday life. Testing a used thermocouple using system tests helps ensure its accuracy and reliability in temperature measurements. If any discrepancies or abnormalities are identified, it is advisable to consult the manufacturer or a qualified technician for further inspection and maintenance. You can be sure of getting the best service if you procure them from Heatcon Sensors, a company whose team is going to assist you very well!

 

 

Let Us Explore the Use of Thermocouples in Space

Principles of Operation

Thermocouples in Space

Applications of Thermocouples in Space

Contact Heatcon for Procuring Thermocouples

 

Spacecraft are marvels of engineering, designed to endure extreme conditions while exploring the cosmos. To ensure the safety and efficiency of these vehicles, precise monitoring of temperatures is essential. One of the primary tools employed for this purpose is the thermocouple. Let us explore the use of thermocouples in space, their principles of operation, and their vital role in space exploration.

Understanding Thermocouples

Thermocouples are temperature sensors that generate electrical voltage proportional to the temperature difference between their junctions. They rely on the Seebeck effect, where two dissimilar metals joined together at their ends produce a measurable voltage when exposed to temperature variations. This voltage can be measured and used to accurately determine the temperature.

Principles of Operation

Thermocouples in space are typically composed of two different metal wires, known as thermoelements. Common thermocouple types used in space missions include Type K, Type J, and Type T. These thermoelements are connected at one end to form the measurement junction and extend to the termination junction, which is maintained at a known reference temperature. The temperature difference between the measurement junction and the termination junction generates a voltage that is read by instruments on board the spacecraft.

Thermocouples in Space

Managing temperature is critical in the space segment, and thermocouples in space happen to be the essential tools in this field. Such thermocouples have been designed in such a way that they are used for systems on board satellites as well as space probes. Applications tend to include temperature control of the chemical propulsion catalyst bed and the temperature of particular ISS science test programs. These are even suited for using in the skin measurements for re-entry & special rakes for gas flow measurement in the launch vehicles. Such thermocouples have been usually installed in spacecraft engines for regulating the system temperature as well as for recording & monitoring system temperature behaviour. Thermocouple wires are available in several different diameters, that too with alternative outer sheaths depending upon the range of temperatures.

Applications of Thermocouples in Space

  • Temperature Monitoring: Thermocouples play a vital role in measuring temperatures within various components of a spacecraft. They can be employed in critical systems such as propulsion, power generation, life support, and electronics. Monitoring temperature variations helps engineers and mission controllers ensure the spacecraft operates within safe and optimal temperature ranges, preventing damage to sensitive equipment.
  • Thermal Protection: Spacecraft experience extreme temperature fluctuations depending on their location, such as the intense heat during atmospheric re-entry or the extreme cold in deep space. Thermocouples aid in monitoring and controlling the thermal protection systems, such as heat shields and thermal blankets, to ensure they adequately shield the spacecraft from these harsh environments.
  • Engine Performance: Monitoring the temperature of rocket engines is crucial for their efficient operation. Thermocouples placed near the combustion chambers and nozzles provide real-time temperature data, allowing engineers to optimize engine performance, detect anomalies, and avoid overheating or underperformance.
  • Solar Panel Efficiency: Solar panels are the primary source of power for most spacecraft. Thermocouples in space can be used to monitor the temperature of these panels, enabling engineers to assess their efficiency and performance. This information helps optimize power generation and maintain the panels within their operational temperature range.
  • Heat Dissipation: Thermocouples in space assist in monitoring the dissipation of heat from various components, ensuring that excess heat generated during spacecraft operations is managed effectively. This information aids in designing efficient cooling systems, preventing overheating, and ensuring long-term reliability.

Contact Heatcon for Procuring Thermocouples

Thermocouples in space are indispensable tools for temperature monitoring in spacecraft. Their ability to accurately measure temperature variations in extreme environments ensures the safety, efficiency, and longevity of space missions. By employing thermocouples in critical systems, engineers & mission controllers can effectively manage temperature-related challenges and ensure the success of space exploration endeavours. As technology advances, thermocouples will continue to play a crucial role in pushing the boundaries of human knowledge and exploration beyond Earth. If you are looking to procure such thermocouples, then Heatcon can be your ideal go-to destination!

 

 

Understanding the Use of Thermocouples and the Automotive Industry

Disk Temperature & Brake Block Measurement

Measurement of Racing Cars’ Disk Brake Callipers

Measuring Exhaust Gas Temperature

Measuring Temperature on the Simulated Exhaust

Thermographic Pyrometry & Infrared Pyrometry 

Oven Temperature’s Profiling System

Optimization of Air Conditioning 

Temperature Measurement, Relative Humidity Measurement, & Measuring Dew Point

 

Common Automotive Testing

Multi-location measurement of temperatures is quite usual in the process of automotive testing. For the measurement of thermocouples in the brakes, the wire bundle of the thermocouple could speedily attain a stage wherein the diameter starts impacting the structural integrity.

Disk Temperature & Brake Block Measurement

Temperature of the disk surface directly tends to affect the braking performance, & thus, temperature measuring systems tend to be significant in developing effective braking systems and for continuously monitoring the final product. The measuring systems have to record extremely variable temperature ranges occurring on the brake discs & pads. Usually, thermocouples tend to be fixed in the brake disk(s) & within the brake pad(s), as well as collector rings that tend to be integrated inside the circuit. Optical measuring systems like pyrometers, thermal cameras, & thermal scanners tend to be also utilised in the process of brake testing. The surface pressure distribution inside the brake pad(s) could even be revealed with the help of thermocouple system(s).

Measurement of Racing Cars’ Disk Brake Callipers

Temperature extremes could possibly change the brakes’ crystal structuring of the disk surface & also lead to crack the damage done to the surface. The deflection of the brake disk considerably affects the comfort of the brakes as the driver feels, because it’s transported into the steering-wheel as well as the brake system. Likewise, the friction(µ) coefficient of the alterations while the temperatures change lead to brake torque variations (also called as fading). Therefore, sound knowledge of the temperature gradient inside the brake disk as well as the brake pad is crucial.

Measuring Exhaust Gas Temperature

Turbocharger happens to be the significant element of the modern engine. It has superior rotational speed & comes in various shapes as well as sizes, and therefore, turbo chargers now happen to be complex subsystems in themselves. This is crucial for shielding the turbo from extreme temperatures during its service life because it’s generally exposed to supreme temperature exhaust stream. The temperature sensor with a speedy response happens to be a vital component of the control loop.

Measuring Temperature on the Simulated Exhaust

In automotive testing, manufacturers are required to test all the elements to their limits which they may encounter during the shelf life of any automobile. A large number of polymer elements tend to be found inside the modern automobile vehicles & they need to be subjected to several tests including the heat stress testing in case of they are being in close proximity to any heat source. For example, the bumper happens to be situated next to the engine’s exhaust gas system, wherein, the temperatures can attain quite extreme highs. So, the material of the bumper needs to be tested to ensure that it does not affect the increased temperature adversely of the exhaust, which may lead to polymer’s thermal degradation or even a fire (in a worst-case-scenario). In such state-of-the-art testing processes, the exhaust system tends to be subjected to simulated heat from a custom-made electrical heater, therefore escaping the utilization of the car engine.

Thermographic Pyrometry & Infrared Pyrometry 

The utilisation of infrared pyrometry & thermographic pyrometry for analysing heat distribution in the engines of the cars tends to be highly convenient for temperature measurements (that are non-contact) to test automotive engines and during any common inspection application.

Oven Temperature’s Profiling System

Automotive painting & automotive coating depends largely on the significant controlling of the temperatures so that it obtains the best paint finish in the material’s curing operation.

Optimization of Air Conditioning 

Air conditioning is quite significant inside the modern vehicles; there’re efficiency needs for satisfying, and also regulations by the government.

Temperature Measurement, Relative Humidity Measurement, & Measuring Dew Point

Environment control is of quite high significance for guaranteeing the greatest level of material quality & best performance during the engine tests for the automotive industry.

Heatcon Sensors Provides the Best Range of Products

If you are looking for thermocouples and the automotive industry is what you are dealing with, then the best spot for you is Heatcon Sensors.

 

 

A Comprehensive Guide on the Use of Thermocouple in Power Generation

Thermocouple In Power Generation

Use of Thermocouples in Power Generation

Temperature Sensors for the Solar Industry

Temperature Sensors for Waste-to-Energy

 

Temperature monitoring plays a critical role in various industries, including power generation, solar energy, and waste-to-energy. Accurate temperature measurement ensures safe and efficient operations, enabling proactive maintenance and optimizing energy production. 

Key Advantages of Thermocouples

  • Wide temperature range
  • Quick response time
  • Robust & durable
  • Accuracy & linearity
  • Cost-effectiveness

Thermocouple In Power Generation

Let us delve into the use of thermocouple in power generation

  • Resistance Temperature Detectors (RTDs): RTDs are widely used in power plants due to their high accuracy and stability. They consist of a wire wound around a ceramic or glass core. RTDs offer excellent linearity and can withstand high temperatures, making them suitable for monitoring critical equipment such as turbines, generators, and transformers.
  • Thermocouples: Thermocouples are temperature sensors based on the Seebeck effect, where a voltage is generated across the junction of two dissimilar metals. They are rugged, cost-effective, and can operate across a wide temperature range. In power generation, thermocouples are commonly used for temperature measurements in exhaust gas systems, boilers, and steam lines.

Use of Thermocouples in Power Generation

Thermocouples are particularly well-suited for power generation applications due to their ability to withstand extreme temperatures and harsh environments. They are used in various areas, including the ones given below:

  • Exhaust Gas Temperature Monitoring: Thermocouples measure the temperature of exhaust gases, enabling efficient combustion control and monitoring of emissions. They provide valuable data for optimizing fuel-air ratios, ensuring clean and efficient energy generation.
  • Boiler Temperature Monitoring: Thermocouples placed within boilers help regulate temperature, preventing overheating or insufficient heating. This ensures safe and efficient steam generation, which is crucial for power plant operations.
  • Steam Turbine Monitoring: Power plant thermocouples monitor steam temperature at various stages of the turbine, helping operators optimize efficiency and prevent damage due to overheating.

Temperature Sensors for the Solar Industry

  • Solar Radiation Sensors: These sensors measure the intensity of solar radiation to assess the amount of energy available for solar panels. They help optimize panel placement and maximize energy production.
  • Photovoltaic (PV) Module Temperature Sensors: PV module temperature sensors monitor the temperature of solar panels, ensuring they operate within optimal temperature ranges. Excessive heat can reduce panel efficiency, while low temperatures can affect performance. Monitoring helps identify and rectify issues promptly.

Temperature Sensors for Waste-to-Energy

A couple of waste treatment processes being utilised for converting waste to energy, including gasification & pyrolysis. Fuel sources for waste-to-energy plants are renewable woody biomass, fertilizers, and household waste.

  • Gas Temperature Sensors: Waste-to-energy plants often use temperature sensors to monitor the temperature of flue gases and combustion chambers. This data enables efficient waste incineration, improves energy recovery, and ensures compliance with environmental regulations.
  • Waste Temperature Sensors: These sensors monitor the temperature of waste streams, helping operators maintain optimal operating conditions. Monitoring waste temperatures ensures efficient energy extraction while minimizing harmful emissions.

Procure Temperature Sensors from Heatcon 

Temperature sensors are indispensable in power generation, the solar industry, and waste-to-energy applications. From the use of thermocouple in power generation as power plant thermocouples to solar radiation sensors and waste temperature sensors, each type serves a specific purpose in optimizing energy production, enhancing safety, and improving environmental performance. By leveraging accurate temperature measurements, these industries can achieve higher efficiency, reliability, and sustainable operations. For procuring the same, you can always knock at the quality product gallery of Heatcon Sensors.

 

 

Choosing between RTD or Thermocouple for an Industrial Application

When to Use an RTD Sensor?

Advantages of RTD Sensors

Disadvantages of RTD sensors

Thermocouples

When to Use a Thermocouple Sensor?

Advantages of Thermocouples

Disadvantages of Thermocouples

RTD or Thermocouple

 

Temperature measurement is an important aspect of process control and industrial applications. RTD (Resistance Temperature Detectors) and Thermocouples are two types of temperature sensors commonly used in various industries. Both these types of sensors can possibly provide accurate temperature measurements, but the selection between RTD or Thermocouple depends on various factors such as accuracy, temperature range, cost, and application requirements. RTD and Thermocouple sensors work on different principles of operation, which results in differences in their accuracy, response time, and range of temperature measurement.

RTDs

RTD sensors are made of one metal (that is typically platinum/nickel/copper) with a known temperature-resistance relationship. The resistance of the metal changes as temperature changes, and this change in resistance is measured by an external circuit to determine the temperature. RTD sensors provide high accuracy (typically ±0.1°C), and their temperature range can be from -200°C to 850°C, depending on the type of metal used. 

When to Use an RTD Sensor?

RTD sensors are ideal for applications that require high accuracy and stability over a wide range of temperatures. They are commonly used in applications such as food processing, pharmaceuticals, and aerospace industries. RTDs are also suitable for applications where a high degree of repeatability and reliability is required, and where long-term stability is significant.

Advantages of RTD Sensors

  • High accuracy: They provide a high level of accuracy, typically ±0.1°C.
  • Stability: RTDs have excellent long-term stability and repeatability, making them suitable for applications that require high accuracy over long periods of time.
  • Linear response: Such sensors have a linear response to changes in temperature, making them easier to calibrate and more accurate over a wide range of temperatures.
  • Low drift: RTDs have a low drift, meaning that the accuracy of the sensor does not change significantly over time.
  • Wide temperature range: They can measure temperatures from -200°C to 850°C, depending on the type of metal used.

Disadvantages of RTD sensors

  • Cost: RTDs are generally more expensive than thermocouples.
  • Slow response time: These sensors have a slower response time than thermocouples, making them unsuitable for applications that require fast response times.
  • Fragility: Such sensors are more fragile than thermocouples and can be easily damaged if mishandled.

Thermocouples

Unlike RTDs, Thermocouples are made of two different metals (typically chromel & alumel) that produce a voltage when exposed to a temperature difference. The magnitude of the voltage is directly proportional to the temperature difference between the two ends of the thermocouple. Thermocouples are less accurate than RTD sensors, with an accuracy typically ranging from ±1 to ±10°C. However, they have a wider temperature range of -200°C to 2300°C.

When to Use a Thermocouple Sensor?

Thermocouples are suitable for applications that require a wide range of temperature measurement and fast response times. They are commonly used in applications such as HVAC systems, industrial furnaces, and laboratory experiments. Thermocouples are also suitable for applications where the sensors need to be small and where a low cost is essential.

Advantages of Thermocouples

  • Wide temperature range: They can measure temperatures from -200°C to 2300°C, making them suitable for a wide range of applications.
  • Fast response time: Thermocouples have a fast response time, making them suitable for applications that require fast temperature measurement.
  • Cost: They are generally less expensive than RTD sensors.
  • Durability: These are more durable than RTD sensors and can withstand rough handling and harsh environments.

Disadvantages of Thermocouples

  • Lower accuracy: The accuracy of thermocouples is generally lower than that of RTDs, typically ranging from ±1 to ±10°C, depending on the type of thermocouple.
  • Non-linearity: The output voltage of thermocouples is not linearly proportional to temperature, which can make calibration and accurate measurement difficult, especially at lower temperatures.
  • Drift: The output of thermocouples can drift over time, which can affect their accuracy and require frequent recalibration.
  • Limited lifespan: The lifespan of thermocouples is generally shorter than that of RTDs due to their construction and the effects of aging.
  • Signal interference: The output of thermocouples can be affected by electromagnetic interference from nearby electrical equipment or wiring, which can affect the accuracy of measurements.

RTD or Thermocouple

While selecting between RTD or Thermocouple during the lookout for an appropriate temperature sensor depends on various factors such as the accuracy required, temperature range, response time, and cost. Both RTDs and thermocouples have their advantages and disadvantages, and it is important to consider these factors when selecting the appropriate sensor for a particular application. 

Come to Heatcon for Procuring the Best Range of Such Products 

If you are looking for an RTD or Thermocouple, Heatcon can be the best place for you to make such a selection for the appropriate sensor for a specific industrial application.

 

 

Factors That Direct the Cost of Temperature Sensors

Cost of Temperature Sensors

Factors Directing the Cost of Temperature Sensors

Heatcon Can be Your Go-To Destination for Procuring the Most Ideal Temperature Sensor(s)

Temperature Sensors

Temperature sensors are electronic devices that measure and monitor the temperature of various objects and environments. They play a vital role in a variety of industries, including HVAC, food processing, automotive, healthcare, and aerospace. 

Cost of Temperature Sensors 

Buyers’ biggest concern seems to be the price front, as most of them assume that all types of temperature sensors cost the same, which is not the case! This is because all industrial applications of temperature sensors are not the same, so all temperature sensors cannot be created as equal, therefore their prices tend to vary. The prices of RTDs & thermocouples are largely determined by different factors, like the applications for which they might be used for as well as the temperatures at which they will be operating. For example, the temperature sensors which measure the air temperature in a particular room would vary from the one that is utilised for measuring 1400 degree Celsius in an industrial heat treatment process. It all means that getting the right tool for the job is important!

Factors Directing the Cost of Temperature Sensors

The cost of temperature sensors can vary greatly, depending on several factors, as explained below:

  • Market Application: One of the most significant factors driving the cost of temperature sensors is the market application. Sensors used in high-end applications such as aerospace and medical equipment have higher accuracy, precision, and reliability requirements, which drives up the cost. Sensors used in less critical applications, such as household appliances or automotive engines, may have lower accuracy and precision requirements, resulting in lowering the costs.
  • Temperature Measuring Range: Temperature sensors are designed to measure temperatures within specific ranges. The wider the temperature measurement range, the more complex the sensor construction needs to be, which increases the cost. For example, a sensor designed to measure temperatures from -40°C to 125°C will be more expensive than a sensor that measures temperatures from 0°C to 50°C.
  • Hazardous Locations: Sensors used in hazardous locations, such as petrochemical plants, must meet specific safety requirements. They need to be explosion-proof, intrinsically safe, or have other protective measures to prevent accidents. This additional safety equipment adds to the overall cost of the sensor.
  • Construction of the Sensors: The cost of temperature sensors also depends on the sensor’s construction. Some sensors are designed to be small & lightweight, while others are intended to be durable and withstand harsh environments. The type of materials used to construct the sensor, such as stainless steel or plastics, can also affect the cost.
  • Options & Accessories: The cost of temperature sensors can vary based on the additional options and accessories that come with them. For example, sensors with wireless connectivity, calibration certificates, or custom-designed probe configurations can be more expensive than basic models.

Heatcon Can be Your Go-To Destination for Procuring the Most Ideal Temperature Sensor(s)

Overall, the cost of temperature sensors depends on several factors, including market applications, temperature measurement range, hazardous location approvals, sensor construction, and options and accessories. It is always essential to consider these factors when selecting a temperature sensor to ensure you get the most suitable sensor for your application while also staying within your budget. You can reach out to Heatcon Sensors for procuring the best products in this regard.

 

 

Here’s a Quick Guide to Use a Thermocouple!

About Thermocouple Sensors

Types of Thermocouples

Other Categorizations of Thermocouples

Selecting the Right Thermocouple

Guide to Use a Thermocouple

Here’s a quick guide to use a thermocouple. First and foremost, it is important to know what a thermocouple is and for what application you need it! By knowing the application, you can start using the thermocouple in the correct way. 

About Thermocouple Sensors

Thermocouple sensors are the tools utilised for measuring temperatures; they use 2 different types of metal wires. These are connected at 1 of the ends & are connected to the thermocouple’s thermometer at the other. The thermocouple sensor along with the thermometer allows us to send signals to each other; and, if configured correctly, can provide accurate temperature measurement(s). The temperature range is quite wide and can reach up to 1250 degree Celsius. This surely depends on what sort of thermocouple being used, some do not even reach that particular range & some could also detect boiling temperatures below -200 degree Celsius. Thermocouple sensors are useful in instant temperature detection. They’re even known for versatility as they’re quite commonly used in many applications. They’re even available in various types of models. It’s also quite significant to understand that each model type has its own basic structure and how the devices work. You need to choose the right type of thermocouple sensor that is most suitable for your application.

Types of Thermocouples 

  1. Beaded Wire Thermocouple: This happens to be one of the simplest forms of thermocouples. This has 2 thermocouple wires that are connected through a welded bead. That’s the reason why it’s called a wire-thermocouple. Though the thermocouple’s welded bead tends to be exposed, still it’s limited to only a few applications. Do not use this beaded thermocouple in a liquid environment or immerse it in liquid, as it can corrode/oxidize the thermocouple’s compound. Making use of metal surfaces can sometimes be difficult. Often, metal surfaces used in ground power systems have a non-direct connection with the power system, which can affect thermocouple’s measurements. In other words, such thermocouples are ideal for gas temperature measurement. The reason being their smaller size and faster response time.  
  2. Thermocouple Sensor: These work by placing a thermocouple wire inside a metal tube. This tube is known as the sheath. The probe sheath is constructed out of standard stainless steel & Inconel®, which supports higher temperatures than stainless steel. However, stainless steel is generally preferred over Inconel due to its broader chemical compatibility. If very high temperatures are involved, other exotic shell materials are even available. The only thing different is the tip of the thermocouple probe. 
  3. Surface Probe: The most difficult part of thermocouples is the measurement of a solid surface. Most temperature sensors cannot perform this task. So, to get an accurate measurement, the entire measuring area must be connected to the surface. Rigid sensors & rigid surfaces are difficult to work with. Such types of thermocouples are ideal for surface measurement because they can even be built into a rotary mechanism.

How Does It Work?

When 2 conductors are made of different metals, with 1 of the ends connected, & when heated, a constant current flows in the thermoelectric circuit. Now, if the said circuit somehow gets broken towards the middle of it, then the open-circuit-voltage (which is the Seebeck-voltage) happens to be a function of the junction’s temperature & lies among the 2 metal compounds. So, this means that when the junction of two metals is heated or cooled, a voltage is created that can be inversely correlated with temperature. The measurement works like this. 

Other Categorizations of Thermocouples 

There are several characteristics as well as different varieties of thermocouples, each of these types tend to have different characteristics. They are also having different combinations of metals and/or calibration(s). The most common are “base-metal-thermocouples.” The most common types are N, T, E, E J & K. In addition, there’re also high temperature calibrations, also known as “Noble-Metal-Thermocouples,” which happen to be types R, S, C and GB. Various sorts of thermocouples have distinct calibration ranges as well as varied metal combinations/alloys. Each of these fittings tend to have different temperatures as well as environment. The max temperature can vary depending on the wire diameter used in the thermocouple. Even though the calibration tends to determine the temperature-range, the max-temp range is limited as well. This is due to the diameter of the thermocouple wire. The finer the thermocouple wire, the lower the chance of reaching the entire temperature evenly. A K-type thermocouple is known as a general-thermocouple.

Selecting the Right Thermocouple

There are 3 different styles in toto, which are ungrounded, grounded, & exposed. 

  1. The grounded end of the thermocouple contacts the enclosure wall, which when in place, provides a faster response time, and is most sensitive to electrical ground loops. 
  2. For an ungrounded connection, the thermocouples are separated from the sheath’s walls by insulating layers. 
  3. The thermocouple’s end extends outside the enclosure wall with an open junction. These open junction thermocouples are best suited for measuring air. 

Buy Thermocouples from Heatcon Sensors

Choose the right thermocouple by understanding the guide to use a thermocouple provided above; else call Heatcon for making the right choice in this regard!

 

 

Underlining the Practical Application of Thermocouples

Practical Application of Thermocouples

Buy the Best Range of Thermocouples from Heatcon Sensors

 

Thermocouples are widely used in various industries to measure temperature accurately and reliably. A thermocouple is a device that measures temperature based on the voltage generated by the temperature difference between two different metals or alloys. The most common practical application of thermocouples in the industry includes their use in food applications, extruders, low-temperature processes, furnaces, and molten metals.

Practical Application of Thermocouples

  • Thermocouples in Food Applications: The food industry widely uses thermocouples for food safety, product quality, and process control. Thermocouples are used to monitor and control the temperature of food products during cooking, processing, and storage. Thermocouples can be placed in ovens, fryers, grills, and other cooking equipment to ensure that the food reaches the correct temperature and stays at that temperature for the correct duration to kill bacteria and ensure safety. They are also used in refrigeration units to ensure that food is stored at the correct temperature to prevent spoilage and maintain product quality.
  • Thermocouples Are Used in Extruders: Thermocouples are commonly used in extruders to measure the temperature of the molten plastic or rubber during the manufacturing process. Extruders are used to create various plastic and rubber products such as tubing, seals, and gaskets. Accurate temperature control is critical to achieving the desired product quality and consistency. Thermocouples are used to monitor and control the temperature of the extrusion barrel and the extruded product to ensure that the temperature is consistent throughout the process.
  • Thermocouples Used for Low-Temperature Processes: Thermocouples are also used in low-temperature processes such as cryogenic cooling and refrigeration. In these applications, thermocouples are used to measure the extremely low temperatures of the refrigerant and ensure that the system is functioning correctly. They are also used in laboratory and medical applications, such as in freezers and refrigerators, to monitor the temperature and ensure that samples and medications are stored at the correct temperature.
  • Thermocouples Are Utilized in Furnaces: Thermocouples are commonly used in industrial furnaces to measure and control the temperature of the furnace. Furnaces are used in various industries such as steel, glass, and ceramics manufacturing, where high-temperature processes are required. Thermocouples are used to monitor and control the temperature of the furnace to ensure that it remains within the desired temperature range and to prevent overheating and damage to the furnace.
  • Use of Thermocouples for Molten Metals: Thermocouples are also used in the metal industry to measure the temperature of molten metal during the manufacturing process. Accurate temperature control is critical to achieving the desired product quality and consistency in the production of metal products such as casting and forging. Thermocouples are used to monitor and control the temperature of the molten metal to ensure that it remains within the desired temperature range and to prevent overheating and damage to the furnace.

Buy the Best Range of Thermocouples from Heatcon Sensors

In conclusion, thermocouples are widely used in various industries to measure temperature accurately and reliably. Accurate temperature control is critical to achieving the desired product quality and consistency in these applications, and thermocouples are a reliable and cost-effective solution for temperature measurement and control. You can buy the best range of thermocouples from the industry-leader, Heatcon.

 

 

Talking of the Application of Thermocouple in Industry

Contact Heatcon to Procure High-Quality Thermocouples

Thermocouples are temperature sensors that are widely used in various industrial applications due to their reliable performance and versatility. They are made of two different metals or alloys that produce a voltage when heated, which is proportional to the temperature being measured. This voltage is used to determine the temperature of the material or environment being monitored. 

Application of Thermocouple in Industry

Let’s explore four industrial applications for thermocouples:

  1. In the Food & Beverage Industry: In the food and beverage industry, thermocouples are used to monitor and control the temperature of various processes, including pasteurization, sterilization, cooking, and cooling. They are also used to monitor the temperature of food storage facilities, such as refrigerators and freezers. In addition, thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature of food during transportation to ensure that it stays within safe temperature limits. By using thermocouples in these applications, food and beverage companies can ensure that their products are safe to consume and meet regulatory requirements.
  2. In Metallurgy: In metallurgy, thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature of furnaces, ovens, and other heat treatment equipment. They are also used to monitor the temperature of molten metal and alloys during casting and forging processes. By monitoring the temperature of these processes, metallurgists can ensure that the material is processed correctly and that it meets the desired specifications.
  3. In Plastic Manufacturing: In plastic manufacturing, thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature of the extruder barrel and die, as well as the temperature of the plastic melt. The temperature of the plastic melt is critical to the quality of the final product, as it affects the viscosity and flow properties of the plastic. By using thermocouples to monitor the temperature, plastic manufacturers can ensure that their products meet the desired quality and performance specifications.
  4. In Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: In pharmaceutical manufacturing, thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature of various processes, including drying, sterilization, and lyophilization (freeze-drying). They are also used to monitor the temperature of storage facilities, such as refrigerators and freezers, to ensure that pharmaceutical products are stored within safe temperature limits. By using thermocouples in these applications, pharmaceutical companies can ensure that their products are safe, effective, and meet regulatory requirements.

Contact Heatcon to Procure High-Quality Thermocouples

In conclusion, thermocouples are essential sensors in many industrial applications, including the food & beverage industry, metallurgy, plastic manufacturing, and pharmaceutical manufacturing. By using thermocouples to monitor temperature, companies can ensure that their products meet the desired specifications and regulatory requirements, as well as ensure safety and quality. You can contact Heatcon Sensors to procure the best-quality thermocouples.

 

 

About the Use of Thermocouples in Washer Disinfectors

Other Medical Applications of Thermocouples

Thermocouples are temperature sensors that work by measuring the voltage difference between two wires made of different metals. When the temperature changes, the voltage produced by the wires also changes, allowing the thermocouple to measure the temperature accurately.

Thermocouples Are Commonly Utilised in Washer Disinfectors

Thermocouples are commonly used in washer disinfectors for heat treatment. These devices are used to measure the temperature of the water or steam used in the washer disinfector, which is critical in ensuring that the instruments being sterilized are exposed to the correct temperature for the correct amount of time. In a washer disinfector, thermocouples are typically installed in the chamber where the instruments are placed, as well as in the water or steam supply lines. This allows for real-time monitoring of the temperature of the water or steam as it is circulated through the chamber, ensuring that the proper temperature is maintained throughout the entire cycle of sterilization.

The thermocouples used in washer disinfectors are typically designed to withstand high temperatures and are constructed from materials such as platinum, tungsten, or nickel alloys. They are also designed to be resistant to corrosion and contamination, ensuring that they provide accurate readings even after prolonged use. Overall, the use of thermocouples in washer disinfectors is an essential part of the sterilization process, ensuring that the instruments being sterilized are safe for use in medical settings.

Other Medical Applications of Thermocouples 

Thermocouples have several medical applications beyond their use in washer disinfectors. Some of these applications include:

  • Temperature monitoring in medical devices: Thermocouples can be used to measure the temperature of medical devices, such as incubators, sterilizers, and anesthesia machines. This ensures that the devices are operating within safe temperature ranges and can help prevent overheating or underheating.
  • Body temperature monitoring: Thermocouples can be used to measure body temperature, which is an important indicator of health. This can be done by inserting a thermocouple probe into the ear or by placing a thermocouple sensor on the skin.
  • Catheter temperature monitoring: In some medical procedures, such as cardiac catheterization, thermocouples can be used to measure the temperature of the catheter. This can help guide the procedure and ensure that the catheter is placed correctly.
  • Tissue temperature monitoring: During surgery, thermocouples can be used to measure the temperature of the tissue surrounding the surgical site. This can help prevent tissue damage from overheating or underheating.
  • Cryosurgery: In cryosurgery, thermocouples can be used to monitor the temperature of tissue during freezing. This ensures that the tissue is frozen to the correct temperature and can help prevent damage to surrounding tissue.

Get Best-Quality Thermocouples & Other Such Products from Heatcon

Overall, thermocouples have a variety of medical applications, including temperature monitoring in medical devices and body temperature monitoring etc. Their accuracy & reliability make them a valuable tool in many medical procedures. You can procure best-quality products including Thermocouple from Heatcon Sensors.

About the Use of Thermocouples in CTU’s and TCU’s

Thermocouples Are Used in CTU’s and TCU’s

Other Medical Uses of Thermocouples

Get 1st-Rate Thermocouples and Other Such Products from Heatcon Sensors

 

A thermocouple is a type of temperature sensor that measures temperature by detecting changes in voltage across two different metals. The two metals are typically joined together at the sensing end of the thermocouple, and when exposed to heat, a voltage is generated that is proportional to the temperature difference between the sensing end and the reference end.

Thermocouples Are Used in CTU’s and TCU’s

Thermocouples are commonly used in CTUs (Coolant Temperature Units) and TCUs (Temperature Control Units) for temperature sensing and control. These devices are used to maintain a stable temperature in industrial equipment, such as injection moulding machines, extruders, and other machinery that requires temperature control. In CTUs and TCUs, thermocouples are typically used to measure the temperature of the coolant or fluid in the system. The thermocouple is usually located at the inlet or outlet of the cooling system, or directly in the fluid stream. The thermocouple then sends a signal to the control unit, which can then adjust the temperature of the coolant as needed to maintain a stable temperature. Thermocouples are popular in CTUs and TCUs because they are relatively inexpensive, durable, and accurate. They can also operate in a wide range of temperatures, making them suitable for use in a variety of industrial applications. Additionally, they are easy to install and require minimal maintenance. Overall, the use of thermocouples in CTUs and TCUs is a reliable and cost-effective way to maintain temperature control in industrial processes.

Other Medical Uses of Thermocouples 

Thermocouples are also used in various medical applications, including temperature sensing and control in medical devices and equipment. Some of the other medical uses of thermocouples are:

  • Body temperature measurement: Thermocouples are commonly used to measure body temperature. They are often used in disposable temperature probes for single-use or multi-use applications.
  • Catheter temperature sensing: Thermocouples can be incorporated into catheters to monitor temperature changes in the body. This is particularly useful in procedures such as cardiac ablation, where the temperature of the catheter tip is critical for successful treatment.
  • Surgical instrument temperature monitoring: Thermocouples can be attached to surgical instruments to monitor their temperature during surgery. This is important to ensure that the instruments do not overheat, which can damage surrounding tissue.
  • In vitro fertilization (IVF): Thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature of IVF incubators, which are used to culture embryos.
  • Hyperthermia treatment: Thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature of the tissue during hyperthermia treatment, which is used to treat cancer by heating the tumour cells to a temperature that causes them to die.

Get 1st-Rate Thermocouples and Other Such Products from Heatcon Sensors

Overall, thermocouples are valuable tools in medical applications where precise temperature monitoring is required. They are used in a wide range of medical devices and equipment to ensure that temperatures remain within safe and effective ranges. You can get first-rate products from Heatcon.

 

 

About the Use of Thermocouples in Cold Storages

More on the Use of Thermocouples in Warehouses

Other Medical Uses of Thermocouples

Procure Avant-Garde Thermocouples from Heatcon Sensors

Thermocouples are temperature sensors that are commonly used in a variety of industries, including warehousing. In warehouses, thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature of goods and products being stored to ensure that they are kept within the appropriate temperature range.

Thermocouples Are Used in Warehouses

One common use of thermocouples in warehouses is for monitoring the temperature of perishable goods such as food and pharmaceuticals. These products need to be stored at specific temperatures to ensure their safety and quality. A thermocouple can be placed in a storage area or inside a shipping container to monitor the temperature and alert warehouse personnel if the temperature falls outside of the safe range. Thermocouples are also useful for monitoring the temperature of equipment and machinery in warehouses. Overheating of machinery can cause breakdowns and safety hazards, so monitoring the temperature of critical components can help prevent accidents and prolong the lifespan of equipment.

More on the Use of Thermocouples in Warehouses

In warehouses, thermocouples are commonly used to monitor the temperature of goods and products being stored. Many products, such as perishable food items and pharmaceuticals, need to be stored at specific temperatures to maintain their quality and safety. Deviations from the appropriate temperature range can lead to spoilage, degradation, or even harmful bacterial growth. Thermocouples are typically placed in strategic locations throughout a warehouse to monitor the temperature of the surrounding air or specific areas of interest, such as refrigerated storage units or shipping containers. The temperature data is transmitted to a monitoring system, where it can be tracked and analysed in real-time. Warehouse personnel can use this data to quickly identify and address any temperature fluctuations or anomalies.

If the temperature falls outside of the acceptable range, an alert can be sent to a designated employee, allowing them to take immediate action to remedy the situation. For example, if the temperature of a refrigerated storage unit drops below the appropriate range, an employee may be able to adjust the thermostat or take other measures to bring the temperature back within the acceptable range before any products are damaged. In addition to monitoring the temperature of products, thermocouples can also be used to monitor the temperature of equipment and machinery in a warehouse. Overheating of machinery can cause breakdowns and safety hazards, so monitoring the temperature of critical components can help prevent accidents and prolong the lifespan of equipment. Overall, thermocouples are an important tool for ensuring that warehouses are able to maintain the appropriate temperature conditions for their products and equipment.

Other Medical Uses of Thermocouples 

In addition to their use in warehouses, thermocouples have a variety of medical applications. For example, thermocouples can be used to measure body temperature in a clinical setting, as well as to monitor the temperature of medical equipment such as incubators and refrigerators. They can also be used in research settings to monitor the temperature of lab equipment and experiments. 

Procure Avant-Garde Thermocouples from Heatcon Sensors

Use of thermocouples is indeed a versatile and reliable temperature sensing technology used in a wide range of medical applications. Heatcon Sensors manufactures and sells these thermocouples. When procuring thermocouples, it is important to consider the specific application and temperature range required, as well as the accuracy and reliability of the thermocouple. It is also important to ensure that the thermocouple is compatible with the equipment and instrumentation being used to measure and record the temperature. In addition to procuring thermocouples, it may also be helpful to consult with a temperature sensing expert to ensure that the thermocouple is being used and installed correctly, and to troubleshoot any issues that may arise.

 

 

Thermocouples Medical Applications

Thermocouples Medical Applications

Steam Sterilization Using Thermocouple Devices in the Medical Sector

More about Steam Sterilization Using Thermocouples

Heatcon Provides Customizable Thermocouple Devices That Are Used in Medical Industry

Thermocouples Medical Applications

There are a host of Thermocouples Medical Applications, some of which are as follows:

  • Steam Sterilization
  • Laboratories
  • Et0 Sterilization
  • Environmental Test Chamber
  • H202 Sterilization
  • Ovens
  • Stability Chambers
  • Warehouses
  • CTU’s & TCU’s
  • Washer Disinfectors

Steam Sterilization Using Thermocouple Devices in the Medical Sector

Thermocouples are temperature sensors that are commonly used in medical applications, including steam sterilization (autoclave) in the healthcare sector. The use of thermocouples in sterilization processes ensures that medical instruments and equipment are free of microorganisms, preventing infections and diseases in patients. Thermocouples work based on the principle of the Seebeck effect, which states that when two dissimilar metals are joined together, a voltage is generated that is proportional to the temperature difference between the two junctions. By measuring this voltage, the temperature of the system can be determined.

In steam sterilization, the autoclave is a chamber that is heated to high temperatures and pressures to kill microorganisms on medical equipment. The temperature and pressure inside the autoclave must be monitored and controlled to ensure that the sterilization process is effective. Thermocouples are commonly used to measure the temperature inside the autoclave during the sterilization process. The thermocouple is placed inside the chamber and connected to a data logger or temperature controller that displays and records the temperature. By monitoring the temperature with thermocouples, healthcare professionals can ensure that the sterilization process is effective and that the medical equipment is safe to use.

More about Steam Sterilization Using Thermocouples

Steam sterilization is a reliable and efficient way of disinfecting medical instruments, equipment and materials. Thermocouple devices are useful for monitoring what is going on inside the sterilization process, ensuring that it is executed correctly. Thermocouples are composed of two different metals, with each metal having a different electrical voltage. The difference between them produces a measurable electrical current that can be used to detect temperature changes. In steam sterilization, thermocouples are used to measure the temperature and pressure of the steam, as well as the time it takes for the sterilization process to be completed. This ensures that medical tools and materials are completely sterilized.

Thermocouple devices have become more popular in the medical sector due to their reliability, accuracy and affordability. They are small and durable, so they can be placed in tight areas where space is limited. They are also easy to install and maintain, making them an ideal choice for medical professionals. Steam sterilization is an effective way to protect patients and medical staff from infection and contamination. Using thermocouple devices can make the process even more reliable while helping to ensure that medical instruments, equipment and materials are completely sterilized.

Heatcon Provides Customizable Thermocouple Devices That Are Used in Medical Industry 

Thermocouple devices are becoming increasingly popular in the medical sector for steam sterilization. These devices offer a safer and more reliable way to ensure that medical instruments and devices are properly sterilized, helping to reduce the spread of infectious diseases. Thermocouples measure the temperature during the sterilization process and can be used to ensure that the correct temperatures are being achieved. They also provide an accurate and consistent readout, making them ideal for medical applications. With their compact and lightweight design, thermocouples can be easily installed in any medical environment. By using steam sterilization with thermocouples, medical professionals can ensure that their instruments are being sterilized correctly and efficiently.

In addition to steam sterilization, thermocouples are also used in other medical applications, including monitoring the temperature of blood during transfusions, monitoring the temperature of vaccines during transportation and storage, and measuring the temperature of medical gases. Overall, the use of thermocouples in medical applications is critical for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of medical equipment and procedures. You can procure these thermocouple devices from the industry leader, Heatcon Sensors. Heatcon is a prominent heating devices manufacturer for all types of industries and industrial processes requiring heating technology. Heatcon engineers are capable of determining the exact requirements of the processes and provide custom solutions after studying the needs of the same.

Thermocouples are one of the most widely used temperature measurement devices in medical applications. Their use in medical laboratories is particularly important, as they are capable of accurately measuring temperature in different environments. The thermocouple is composed of two wires of different materials, which join together to form a junction that generates a voltage when heated. This voltage can then be used to measure the temperature at the junction, and from there, it can be used to measure the temperature of the environment. Thermocouples are also commonly used to measure the temperature of liquids and gases in laboratories. They can be used to provide accurate readings for chemical processes, as well as to ensure safety in many situations. Due to their accuracy and reliability, thermocouples are an invaluable tool in medical laboratories. Thermocouples are commonly used in medical laboratories for temperature measurements due to their accuracy, reliability, and durability. Here are some of the medical applications of thermocouples in laboratories:

  • Incubators: Thermocouples are often used to monitor and control the temperature in incubators used for culturing cells or microorganisms. The accuracy of thermocouples helps maintain optimal conditions for the growth of cells or microorganisms, which is crucial for research and diagnostic purposes.
  • Autoclaves: Thermocouples are used to measure the temperature inside autoclaves, which are used to sterilize laboratory equipment and medical instruments. Accurate temperature measurement is necessary to ensure that the equipment and instruments are properly sterilized.
  • Cryogenic freezers: Thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature of samples stored in cryogenic freezers. These freezers are used for long-term storage of biological samples such as cells, tissues, and fluids. The accuracy of thermocouples helps maintain the desired temperature, which is crucial for preserving the integrity of the samples.
  • Blood banks: Thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature of blood storage units. The accuracy of thermocouples helps ensure that blood products are stored at the proper temperature to maintain their potency.

More about the Use of Thermocouples in Laboratories

Thermocouples have a wide variety of medical applications, ranging from diagnostics and monitoring to research and treatment. One of the most common uses for thermocouples is in laboratories for measuring the temperature of a variety of materials. They are widely used in the medical industry for the accurate measurement and monitoring of temperatures for processes such as aseptic preparation, incubation, cell culture, and sterilization. Due to their accuracy and compact size, thermocouples are also widely used in medical equipment such as anaesthesia monitors, ventilators, and defibrillators. Additionally, thermocouples can be used to measure human body temperature, helping to identify health abnormalities such as fever or hypothermia. Furthermore, thermocouples can be used to measure the temperature of liquids and gases in medical processes such as dialysis and infusion. The wide range of medical applications for thermocouples demonstrate their versatility and importance in the medical industry.

Heatcon Sensors Happens to Provide Custom-Made Thermocouples Utilised in Laboratories 

Overall, thermocouples play a critical role in temperature measurement and control in medical laboratories, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of experimental and diagnostic procedures. You can procure high-quality thermocouples from the industry leader itself, i.e., Heatcon Sensors.

Thermocouples are temperature sensors that rely on the principle of thermoelectricity, which involves the generation of a voltage at the junction of two dissimilar metals when the temperature at the junction changes. They are commonly used in a wide range of industries, including medical applications. Thermocouples are one of the most popular temperature sensors used in medical applications. They provide accurate temperature measurements and are particularly effective for monitoring during sterilization processes. One of the most common medical applications for thermocouples is for monitoring Ethylene Oxide (EtO) sterilization. During this process, medical devices such as implants, equipment, and instruments are exposed to the gas in order to kill any living microorganisms. 

Thermocouples Medical Applications Include EtO Sterilization

One common use of thermocouples in the medical field is for temperature monitoring during sterilization processes, including ethylene oxide (EtO) sterilization. Ethylene oxide is a gas that is commonly used for sterilization of medical equipment and supplies that cannot withstand high temperatures or moisture. During the sterilization process, the temperature inside the sterilization chamber needs to be carefully monitored to ensure that it reaches and maintains the desired temperature to effectively kill any microorganisms present. Thermocouples are an effective way to do this as they can provide accurate temperature measurements in real-time. 

More on EtO Sterilization Using Thermocouples

Thermocouples are widely used in many medical applications, including the monitoring of EtO sterilization. EtO sterilization is a process in which ethylene oxide is used to kill microorganisms on medical devices. Thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature of the system, as well as the amount of EtO present, to ensure that all of the bacteria and other microorganisms are destroyed. They also help to ensure that the process is safe, efficient, and effective. The use of thermocouples in this process ensures that the medical equipment is properly sterilized and that it is safe for use on patients. Thermocouples are used to accurately monitor the temperature of the sterilization process, ensuring that the sterilization is effective. They can also be used to track the rate of temperature increase, which is important for achieving optimal sterilization results. The small size of the thermocouples makes them ideal for monitoring EtO sterilization. They can be easily installed in the equipment and provide accurate readings without disrupting the sterilization process. Additionally, thermocouples are very reliable and require minimal maintenance. Thermocouples are a valuable addition to medical facilities, ensuring the safe and effective sterilization of medical devices. They can provide accurate readings and are well suited for monitoring EtO sterilization processes.

Other Medical Applications of Thermocouples

Thermocouples are also used in medical research and clinical applications, such as in studies of thermoregulation in humans and animals, and in the monitoring of patients’ body temperatures in critical care settings.

Heatcon Sensors Happens to Provide Custom-Made Thermocouples 

Overall, thermocouples are a versatile and reliable tool for temperature monitoring in a range of medical applications, including sterilization processes using EtO. You can procure best-suited thermocouples from the industry’s leading provider, Heatcon.

In medical applications, thermocouples are commonly used to measure temperature in a variety of settings. For example, they can be used in incubators to measure the temperature of new-born babies to monitor temperature and humidity in incubators to keep new-borns safe, or in surgical instruments to ensure they remain within a certain temperature range during use. They can also be used in research settings to measure body temperature in animals, or to monitor the temperature of equipment during experiments. Thermocouples can also be used to monitor temperature in operating rooms to ensure a sterile environment for the patient. Additionally, thermocouples can be used to measure the temperature of pharmaceutical drugs to ensure they are stored in optimal conditions. In one of the medical applications, Thermocouples are used in Environmental Test Chambers to monitor and control an array of factors such as temperature, humidity, and pressure.

Medical Applications of Thermocouples Include Their Utilization in Environmental Test Chambers

Thermocouples are a type of temperature sensor commonly used in these chambers. Thermocouples are used to monitor and analyze various properties of the chamber such as temperature uniformity and rate of change. Thermocouples have a wide range of medical applications, including their utilization in the environmental test chambers. In these environmental test chambers, thermocouples are used to monitor temperature and humidity levels. These chambers simulate various environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity, to test the durability and performance of products. Thermocouples are critical for maintaining precise and accurate temperature measurements in these environments, which is essential for ensuring that products are safe and reliable. Thermocouples are responsible for providing highly accurate temperature measurements. This makes them an integral part of environmental test chambers, ensuring that parameters are not exceeded and that the tests are reliable. 

More on Environmental Test Chambers and the Use of Thermocouples There

Environmental Test Chambers are special testing equipment enclosures used to simulate various environments for a variety of uses like for conducting environmental tests & measurements. They are often used to test products and materials for a range of parameters, and to evaluate the performance of electronic systems under different conditions. These chambers are capable of simulating a variety of environmental conditions including temperature, humidity, pressure, and vibration. Overall, Environmental Test Chambers provide a safe and reliable way to test and monitor different environmental conditions. Thermocouples are commonly used inside these chambers to measure and monitor temperature for testing purposes. Thermocouples provide an ideal way to accurately monitor and measure the temperature in these chambers. 

Heatcon Provides Thermocouples That Are Tailor-Made

Overall, thermocouples are highly versatile instruments that have a wide range of applications in various industries, including the medical and environmental testing fields. The main use of Environmental Test Chambers in medical applications is to test and measure the effects of harsh environments, such as extreme temperatures, on medical devices. Thermocouples help to measure the temperature of the environment within the chamber and to detect any fluctuations or changes that could harm the device, or the user. Through this, medical equipment can be tested in a real-world environment, which may be too dangerous for humans to enter. In conclusion, Environmental Test Chambers and thermocouples are essential components in a range of medical applications, from testing and monitoring environments in which medical devices are to be used, to providing accurate temperature measurements. The use of these technologies ensures that medical devices perform within safe and reliable parameters, for the benefit of all. You can easily procure the thermocouples that are best suited for your specific needs from the industry’s leader itself, that’s Heatcon Sensors.

Thermocouples are temperature sensors that work on the principle of the Seebeck effect, which states that a voltage is generated when two dissimilar metals are joined at their ends and a temperature gradient exists between them. This voltage happens to be in proportion to the difference in temperature between 2 junctions of the 2 different metals.

Medical Applications of Thermocouples Include H2O2 Sterilization

One of the medical applications of thermocouples is in the sterilization of medical instruments and equipment using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) gas. H2O2 sterilization is a low-temperature sterilization process that is effective in killing a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and spores. The process involves exposing the equipment to a high concentration of H2O2 gas for a specified period, typically 2-4 hours. Thermocouples are used to monitor the temperature during the H2O2 sterilization process. The temperature inside the sterilization chamber needs to be maintained at a certain level for the H2O2 gas to be effective in killing the microorganisms. If the temperature is too low, the sterilization process will not be effective, and if the temperature is too high, it can damage the equipment being sterilized. A thermocouple is inserted into the sterilization chamber, and the temperature is monitored continuously throughout the sterilization process. The thermocouple is connected to a data logger, which records the temperature data. The data logger can then be used to generate a temperature profile of the sterilization process, which can be used to ensure that the process has been effective. 

Other Medical Applications of Thermocouples 

In addition to monitoring the temperature during the H2O2 sterilization process, thermocouples are also used in other medical applications, such as monitoring body temperature, monitoring the temperature of organs during transplant surgery, and monitoring the temperature of refrigerated drugs and vaccines. Overall, the use of thermocouples in medical applications is essential for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of medical treatments and procedures.

Heatcon Sensors Is a Company That Provides Tailor-Made Thermocouples 

You can comfortably get high-quality thermocouples best suited for your specific requirements from Heatcon Sensors. Heatcon Sensors is a company that specializes in providing customized thermocouples for various industries and applications. Heatcon designs and manufactures thermocouples according to the specific needs and requirements of their clients. They can also provide different constructions, such as grounded, ungrounded, exposed, and protected, to suit different applications. Heatcon Sensors uses high-quality materials and advanced manufacturing techniques to ensure that their thermocouples are accurate, reliable, and long-lasting. They also offer a variety of accessories, such as connectors, extension wires, and protection tubes, to complement their thermocouples and provide a complete temperature measurement solution. Overall, Heatcon Sensors is a company that is dedicated to providing tailor-made thermocouples that meet the specific needs and requirements of their clients. They have extensive expertise in the field of temperature measurement and can provide solutions for a wide range of industries and applications.

Thermocouples are commonly used in a variety of medical applications, particularly in temperature measurement and control. They are often used in medical devices such as incubators, sterilizers, and refrigerators to ensure that the internal temperature is maintained within a specific range to support safe and effective medical practices. One common use of thermocouples in medical applications is in the measurement of body temperature. Thermocouples can be used to measure the temperature of a patient’s body by inserting a small probe into the ear or under the tongue. This measurement can provide valuable information about a patient’s health and can help medical professionals to diagnose and treat illnesses.

Thermocouples Are Used in Industrial Ovens

While thermocouples are not commonly used in ovens in medical applications, they are widely used in industrial ovens and furnaces for temperature measurement and control. Thermocouples can provide accurate and reliable temperature data in high-temperature environments, making them an essential tool for many industrial processes.

Thermocouples are commonly used in industrial ovens for temperature measurement and control. Industrial ovens are used in a wide range of industries, including food processing, chemical manufacturing, and materials testing, and require precise temperature control to ensure that products are cooked or processed correctly. Thermocouples can be used to measure the temperature inside the oven and provide feedback to the temperature control system, which can adjust the temperature as needed to maintain the desired temperature profile. This temperature control helps to ensure consistent quality and product safety.

There are many different types of thermocouples available for industrial oven applications, each with its own unique characteristics and temperature range. The type of thermocouple selected will depend on the specific requirements of the application, such as temperature range, accuracy, and response time. In addition to temperature measurement, thermocouples can also be used for safety applications, such as over-temperature protection. In these cases, the thermocouple is used to monitor the temperature inside the oven and activate an alarm or shut off the oven if the temperature exceeds a safe limit. Overall, thermocouples are an essential component of industrial ovens and play a critical role in ensuring product quality and safety.

Other Medical Applications of Thermocouples 

Another medical application of thermocouples is in the measurement of temperature during surgical procedures. During surgery, it is essential to monitor the patient’s body temperature to ensure that they do not become too cold or too hot, which can cause complications. Thermocouples can be used to monitor the patient’s temperature and provide real-time feedback to the surgical team. Thermocouples can also be used in the calibration and testing of medical equipment, such as autoclaves and sterilizers. These devices rely on precise temperature control to ensure that medical instruments and equipment are properly sterilized before use. Thermocouples can be used to measure the temperature inside these devices and ensure that they are operating correctly.

Choosing an Ideal Thermocouple

Some companies that provide tailor-made thermocouples may also offer installation, maintenance, and calibration services to ensure that the thermocouples are working correctly and providing accurate temperature measurements. These services can be particularly important for critical applications where accuracy and reliability are essential. It is always important to choose a reputable and experienced thermocouple supplier to ensure that you get the best product and service. When selecting a supplier, consider factors such as the company’s experience, reputation, and track record, as well as their ability to provide customized solutions to meet your specific needs.

Heatcon Sensors Is a Company That Provides Tailor-Made Thermocouples 

You can comfortably get high-quality thermocouples best suited for your specific requirements from Heatcon Sensors. Heatcon Sensors specializes in providing customized thermocouples for various industries and applications. Tailor-made thermocouples made here can be designed to meet specific requirements such as temperature range, accuracy, response time, and durability. These customized thermocouples can be used in a variety of industries, including aerospace, automotive, energy, and medical.

A thermocouple is a type of temperature sensor that measures temperature based on the voltage generated when two different metals are connected at two different temperatures. In a stability chamber, thermocouples are placed at various points inside the chamber to measure the temperature and provide accurate readings. The thermocouples are connected to a data acquisition system, which records the temperature data over time.

Thermocouples Are Used in Stability Chambers

Thermocouples are commonly used in stability chambers to measure and monitor the temperature inside the chamber. Stability chambers are used to test the stability of pharmaceutical products, medical devices, and other sensitive materials under controlled environmental conditions, and temperature is a critical parameter in this process. Thermocouples are preferred in stability chambers because they are accurate, reliable, and able to withstand a wide range of temperatures. They can be used to measure temperatures ranging from -200°C to +1800°C, making them suitable for a wide range of applications. In addition, thermocouples are relatively inexpensive, easy to install, and require minimal maintenance. They are also compatible with most data acquisition systems and can be easily integrated into the monitoring and control systems used in stability chambers. Overall, the use of thermocouples in stability chambers is critical to ensuring that the environmental conditions are maintained within specified limits, which is essential for the proper testing and evaluation of sensitive materials.

Some Other Medical Applications of Thermocouples 

Thermocouples are widely used in the medical industry due to their accuracy, durability, and ability to withstand extreme temperatures. Here are some other medical applications of thermocouples:

  • Patient temperature monitoring: Thermocouples are used to measure body temperature in patients. They can be inserted into the ear canal, rectum, or other areas to provide accurate temperature readings.
  • Surgical instruments: Thermocouples are used in surgical instruments to monitor the temperature during procedures such as cauterization or tissue ablation. They ensure that the instruments are at the correct temperature and prevent tissue damage.
  • MRI imaging: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines use thermocouples to monitor the temperature of the patient during the scan. The thermocouples ensure that the patient does not overheat and that the MRI machine is working properly.
  • Laboratory equipment: Thermocouples are used in laboratory equipment such as incubators, refrigerators, and freezers to monitor and control the temperature. They ensure that the samples being tested are kept at the correct temperature and prevent spoilage.
  • Blood warming: In some medical procedures, it is necessary to warm blood before it is transfused into a patient. Thermocouples can be used to monitor the temperature of the blood as it is warmed, ensuring that it is at the correct temperature before being transfused. 

Heatcon Provides Efficient Thermocouples 

Overall, thermocouples are a versatile and important tool in the medical industry, helping to ensure accurate temperature monitoring and control in a wide range of applications. You can procure avant-garde thermocouples ideally suited for your specific industrial requirement(s) from Heatcon that specializes in providing tailor-made thermocouples for different industries as well as various applications.

Air Temperature Indicator in Aircraft

Air Temperature Indicator in Aircraft

Non-Electrical Temperature Sensors

Air Temperature Indicator in Aircraft

The temperatures of many objects should be known prior to the flight for the correct operation of an aircraft. Such equipment acts as the air temperature indicator in aircraft! These aircraft temperature measuring equipment include the intake air, engine oil, free air, carburetor mixture, engine’s cylinder heads, heater duct as well as turbine engine exhaust  temperature. These happen to be all the things that require proper monitoring of temperatures. Several other temperature measurements should be known as well. Various thermometers are being utilized for collecting & displaying temperature data. 

Non-Electrical Temperature Sensors 

The physical properties of many of the materials alter when they are exposed to any alterations in the temperatures. These alterations tend to be continuous, for example, the expansion/contraction of solids, liquids, & gasses. The coefficient of such an expansion happening with various materials tends to be different, and is individual for every such material. 

  • Many people are quite familiar with the liquefied mercury thermometer most of us use at home. As mercury increases in temperature, it expands and goes up along a narrow channel with a scale that can be utilized for reading the temperature associated with that expansion. Such mercury thermometers are of no use at all in the aviation industry.
  • Bimetallic thermometers, on the other hand, are quite useful in the aviation field. The element used for sensing the temperature measurement of such bimetallic thermometers is made of 2 different metal strips that are glued together. Every metal tends to expand as well as contract at different rates as the changes in temperature happen. 1 of the ends of this bimetallic strip tends to be fixed, while the other end is twisted. A pointer is attached to the threaded end, which is inserted into the body of the instrument. When the bimetallic strip gets heated, the 2 metals tend to expand. Because they have different expansion rates, and are connected to each other; the coiled end will try to loosen if one metal expands faster than the other. This leads to a movement in the pointer over the instrument dial. As the temperature tends to drop, the metals tend to contract at different rates; this tightens the coil & helps in the movement of the pointer in the opposite direction.
  • Direct-range bimetallic temperature gauges have been in use much frequently in light aircraft for measuring free air temperatures or the outside air temperatures (OAT). In such an application, the collection probe is inserted through the aircraft’s windshield for exposing it to atmospheric air. The end that is coiled on the gauge head’s bimetallic strip is just inside the windshield where the pilot can read it.
  • The bourdon tube too is utilized for direct reading non-electrical temperature gauges for simple & light aircraft. Bourdon tube gauge’s dial face with temperature scale tends to be the indicator of the temperature. Such an operation is based on the uniform expansion of the steam that has been generated by the volatile liquid present in a closed space. Such pressure from the vapor varies with temperature directly. By filling a sensing bulb with this type of volatile liquid and then connecting it to a Bourdon tube, it helps in acting as an indicator of the rise & fall of the vapor pressure owing to the changes happening in the temperature. Calibrating the handle in degrees (Fahrenheit/Celsius) instead of psi gives a reading of the temperature. In this type of meter, a sensor bulb tends to be placed in the region where the temperature is being measured. A lengthy capillary tube tends to connect the bulb to a Bourdon tube in the instrument’s housing. The capillary tube’s much narrower diameter ensures that the evaporating liquid is light and it also remains mainly in the sensor bulb. Sometimes oil temperature is also measured like this.

Utilizing electricity to measure different temperatures is quite prevalent in the aviation industry. Different ranges of temperature tend to be measured in a more suitable way by one or the other sort of the system. Below mentioned are some measuring systems as well as indication systems that are largely seen in various sorts of aircraft. 

Electrical-Resistance Thermometers

The main parts of electrical-resistance thermometers happen to be the indicator instrument, the element (or the bulb) that is temperature-sensitive & the connecting wires along with the plug connectors. Such type of a thermometer is largely used in various types of aircraft for measuring carburetor air, oil, free-air temperature etc. These are utilized for measuring low & medium temperatures between -70 degree Celsius and 150 degree Celsius. 

The electrical resistance of most metals alters when the temperatures of those metals tend to change. A resistance thermometer works on this principle. Normally, the electrical resistance of metals tends to augment with increasing temperatures. Different metal alloys tend to have high temperature-tolerance coefficient, which means that their resistance differs significantly with temperatures. This property makes them highly suitable to be used in devices used for sensing temperatures. The metal resistors are in contact with the liquid or the area where the temperatures are to be measured. This is wired to a device in the cockpit detector. Optionally, the instrument dial tends to be calibrated in degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit instead of ohms. As the measured temperature tends to change, the metal resistance also changes, and the indicator shows the exact extent to which the change is happening.

A common electrical-resistance thermometer appears to be like any other such thermometer. For use in multi-engine aircraft, these detectors are available in 2 different forms. Most such indicators themselves compensate for cabin temperatures. A thermally-sensitive resistor is designed to have its own resistance for every temperature value within its operating range. The temp-sensitive resistive element happens to be the length or coil made of nickel or manganese wire or any other such suitable insulating material alloy. The resistor tends to be protected by a sealed metal tube that is connected to a hexagonal head. The 2 ends of the coil are soldered or welded to a socket designed to accept the plugs of the plug connector. 

Such indicators include the resistance measuring devices. They sometimes use a modified form of the Wheatstone Bridge circuit that works on the principle of balancing 1 unknown resistance with other such known resistances. 3 resistance values ​​of the same are connected in a bridge circuit that is diamond-shaped. One resistor, whose value is unknown, also happens to be one part of the circuit. The unknown resistance shows the temperature bulb’s resistance of the electric-resistance thermometer system. A galvanometer is fixed at 2 points in the circuit. 

If the temperature makes the resistance of the bulb the same as the other resistances, there’s no potential difference between the 2 points in the circuit. So, no current will flow in the galvanometer’s leg of the circuit. As the temperature of the bulb changes, so does its resistance, and the bridge tends to become imbalanced, leading to the current to flow through the galvanometer in 1 direction or the other. The pointer of a galvanometer is basically the pointer of a gauge. The time of it moving against that dial-face that is calibrated in degrees, the temperature is shown. Many such pointers are equipped with a zero adjustment screw on the front of the instrument. This adjusts the tension of the pointer reset spring when the bridge is at the balancing point (this happens to be that position where the bridge circuit tends to balance & no current flows through that meter).

One more method to determine the temperatures using electrical-resistance thermometers is to do it by utilizing a ratiometer. In the Wheatstone bridge detectors, there are failures due to fluctuations in the mains voltage. The ratiometers tend to be more stable, & they can provide much larger accuracy. As suggested by their name, ratiometer electrical-resistance thermometers help in measuring the ratio of current. 

The sensor part of the resistance bulb of such types of thermometers is primarily similar to the one explained above. The circuit consists of a variable resistance as well as a fixed resistance to give the reading. This consists of 2 power supplies; each having a coil that is mounted on one of the sides of that pointer mounted in the field of a large-sized permanent magnet. The changing current passing through the coils leads to varied fields reacting with the much larger permanent magnet’s field. Such an interaction turns the cursor against a dial that has been calibrated in degrees Fahrenheit/Celsius, providing the indication of the temperature being measured. 

The ends of the magnetic poles of such types of permanent magnets tend to be closer at the topmost point than at the bottom-point. It leads to the flux’s magnetic field lines among the poles to concentrate at the tip. When the 2 coils release their own magnetic field, the one that is stronger tends to interact & deflect down into the weaker one, which happens to be the less concentrated part of the permanent field of the magnet; however, the field of the weaker coils moves up into the more concentrated large magnet’s flux field. This leads to a sort of balancing effect, which alters but tends to remain balanced as the coil field becomes strengthened and varies with the temperatures & currents that are flowing in the coils. 

For instance, if the temp-bulb’s resistance is the same as the value of the fixed resistance (R), then the same values of current will flow through the coils. The torque(s) thus produced by the magnetic fields by each coil tends to be the same & cancels out any motion in the larger field. The pointer is in the vertical position. As the temperature of the bulb augments, so does its resistance. This leads to the current through one of the coils in the circuit-branch to augment. This leads to a stronger magnetic field being produced in one coil than in the other one. As a result, the torque on one of the coils increases, and it is pulled down to the weak point of the higher magnetic field. Simultaneously, lesser current flows through the resistance of the sensor bulb and the second coil, causing that coil to form a weaker magnetic field, which is pulled up into the stronger flux region of the permanent magnet’s magnetic field. The pointer halts turning when the fields tend to reach a new equilibrium point, which is directly related to the resistance of the sensing bulb. This would be the opposite if the temperature of the thermosensitive bulb were to drop. 

Ratiometer’s temperature measurement systems are being utilized for measuring outside air, engine oil, carburetor air as well as other temperatures in many of such types of aircrafts. These happen to be particularly useful for measuring temperature conditions wherein accuracy is more significant or where there are large fluctuations in the supply voltages.

Thermocouples happen to be the circuits or connections between 2 metals that are unlike. The metals meet at 2 different junctions. If 1 of these junctions gets heated to a higher degree temperature than the other junction, an electromotive force is generated inside the circuit. Such voltage tends to be directly linked to the temperature. Thus, the temperature can be determined by measuring the magnitude of this force. A voltmeter tends to be placed on the cooler of the 2 thermocouple junctions. This would be calibrated in Celsius/Fahrenheit (as required). As the high-temp junction (or also called the hot junction) becomes hotter, the electromotive force thus generated becomes greater & the temperature reading on the meter becomes greater!

A thermocouple is utilized for measuring high temperatures. 2 most common applications of this are measuring the cylinder-head-temperatures (CHT) in the reciprocating engines, and second is the measuring of the exhaust-gas-temperatures (EGT) in the turbine engine. The wires of the thermocouples tend to be made from several metals as per the max temperature they are being exposed. Iron & constantan/copper & constantan happen to be the most commonly used ones for measuring CHT. Chromel & alumel tend to be utilized in turbine EGT thermocouples. 

The amount of voltage generated while heating different metals tends to be measured in the units of millivolts. So, the wires of thermocouples are formed in such a way that they give a certain amount of resistance (that is usually very low) in the thermocouple circuit. Their materials, lengths or cross-section sizes could not be changed without compensating for the resulting change in the total resistance. Any wire connecting back to the voltmeter should be designed from the similar metal as that of the thermocouple’s part wherein it has been connected. For instance, a copper wire tends to be connected to the copper part of the hot junction, & a constantan wire has been connected to the constantan segment. 

The thermocouple’s hot junction has different shapes as per the application(s). The 2 most common ones happen to be the pack one and the bayonet one. In a gasket, 2 dissimilar metal rings tend to be pressed together for forming a gasket, which could be installed either under the spark plug or the cylinder that is retaining the nut. In the bayonet one, the metals are connected within a perforated protective casing. The bayonet type of the thermocouple fits into a hole or well inside the cylinder head. In turbine engines, these are installed in the turbine inlet/outlet, & then extend through the casing into the gas-stream. Note that the cylinder that runs hottest under most operating conditions is selected to mount the thermocouple to read the CHT. This cylinder’s location happens to vary for different engines. 

The thermocouple circuit’s cold junction happens to be inside of the instrument housing. As the electromotive force generated inside the circuit tends to vary according to the temperature difference between the hot & cold junctions, it is much needed to compensate for temperature changes in the cockpit of the detector mechanism that affect the cold junction. This is achieved by a bimetallic spring that has been connected to the detector mechanism. It basically works the same way as the bimetallic thermometer. With the wires disconnected from the detector, the cockpit temperature around the instrument panel could be read from the indicator dial. CHT’s number LED indicators also tend to be quite common in the modern type of the aircraft.

EGT happens to be a critical variable in the operations of turbine engines. Such EGT indicator systems tend to show the visual temperatures inside the cockpits of turbine’s exhaust gasses once they tend to leave that particular turbine unit. In some types of these turbine engines, the exhaust gas temperatures are measured at the inlet of the turbine unit. Such values are called the Turbine-Inlet-Temperature (i.e., TIT) detection systems. 

Certain types of thermocouples happen to be utilized for measuring this EGT/TIT. Such thermocouples tend to be placed at intervals circling round the circumference of that engine’s turbine case or the exhaust pipe. The small thermocouple voltages are usually increased & are utilized to drive the servo motor that moves the indicator pointer. Moving the digital drum pointer out of the cursor movement is quite a common phenomenon. The EGT indicator happens to be in a hermetically sealed device. The instrument scale tends to range from 0 degrees Celsius to 1200 degree Celsius, with a vernier scale in the upper right corner of the dial and a power failure warning flag in the lower part of the dial. 

The TIT display system visually displays the temperature of the gasses entering the turbine on the instrument panel. Multiple thermocouples could possibly be utilized with an intermediate TIT voltage. Inside the sensor are 2 thermocouples that contain 2 junctions, which happen to be electrically independent. One of these 2 thermocouples happens to be in parallel to send signals to the cockpit detector. Another set of parallel thermocouples provides signals for temperature to the engine monitoring system as well as the control system. Every such circuit happens to be electrically independent, thus ensuring the reliability of the two systems. 

The circuits for the other 3 engines happen to be quite identical to that system. The detector includes a bridge circuit, a switch, a 2-phased motor for the purpose of driving the indicator, and a feedback potentiometer. Also included is a voltage reference circuit, amplifier, shutdown indicator, power supply, & overheat warning light. The output of the amplifier activates the adjustable field of the 2-phase motor, which positions the detector master pointer & the digital detector. The motor even utilizes a feedback potentiometer for providing a buzzer signal in order to stop the drive motor at the time when the correct pointer position (relative to that of the temperature signal) is reached. The voltage-reference-circuit gives a precisely regulated reference voltage inside the bridge circuit for avoiding errors generated from fluctuations in the input voltage of the indicator’s supply of power. 

The warning light telling about over temperature tends to illuminate when TIT happens to reach the predetermined limit. An test switch (external) is ideally installed for the engines overheating warning lights to be tested simultaneously. While making use of such a test-switch, an over-temperature signal tends to get simulated inside every bridge circuit for detector temperature control. 

Digital cockpit instruments do not require the use of resistance-type indicators or the regulated servo-driven thermocouples for communicating temperature information to the pilot. The sensor’s resistance & the voltage values tend to be entered inside a suitable computer wherein they are adjusted, processed, monitored & printed on the cockpit panels. They are even sent to other computers that need temperature data to control & monitor various integrated systems.

Air temperature happens to be quite a significant parameter on which various types of performance monitoring as well as different control variables tend to depend. During the flight, the air temperature (static) is constantly changing, & accurate measurements are quite hard to get. Below Mach 0.2, a simple resistance-type/bimetallic temperature gauge could possibly give relatively correct readings for air temperature measurements. At higher speeds however, friction, air compressibility & boundary layer behaviors tend to create difficulty with correct temperature measurements. Total-air-temperature (i.e. TAT) happens to be the static air temperature added to any temperature increase due to the rapid movements of the aircraft in the air. The rise in the temperatures is called ram rise. TAT sensors are specifically designed for capturing such values accurately & sending signals for pilot detection and usage in different engine systems as well as aircraft systems. 

Simpler TAT systems tend to consist of the sensors as well as the detectors with in-built resistance-balancing circuits. The airflow through the sensor has been designed in such a way that air (at the exact temperature) tends to hit the platinum alloy resistive element. Sensors are designed in such a way that they help in detecting any changes in the temperatures versus the variations in the element resistance. When the pointer is placed in the bridge circuit, it moves in response to the imbalance caused by the variable resistance. 

More advanced systems tend to utilize the technology of signal correction as well as amplified signals that are sent to the servo motor for adjusting the cockpit indicators. Such systems consist of precisely regulated power supply as well as fault monitoring. These usually utilize digital drum-type readouts; however, they can also be sent to the LCD controllers for illuminating the LCD screens. Various LCD displays tend to be multi-functional, and they are also able to display static air temperatures & actual air speed. In a totally digital system, the correction signals tend to feed to the ADC. They can be properly processed there for cockpit displays or systems that need temperature data. 

The designs of the TAT sensors/probes are indicated by the possibility of ice formation in icy cool conditions. Sensors that are left unheated might stop working properly. Adding a heating element comprises accurate data collection. The heating of the sensors should not affect the sensor element’s resistance. 

During the design phase, special attention tends to be paid to the air flow as well as material conductivity. Some of the TAT sensors direct the airflow through the devices for influencing the ambient airflow so that it directly flows into the platinum sensors without additional energy from the sensor heaters.

Heatcon Sensors

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Thermocouple Extension Wires – Thermoplastic Compounds

PVC (Poly-Vinyl Chloride)PE (Polyethylene)

Silicon Insulation

XLPE Insulation

EPR Insulation

PEEK Insulation

PTFE Insulation

PFA Insulation

ETFE Insulation

MFA Insulation

PVC (Poly-Vinyl Chloride)

Usually self-extinguishing in nature, this is utilized basically for sheath & insulation. This becomes soft above ninety degree Celsius, becomes brittle at low temperatures (minus forty degree Celsius). This has great mechanical properties, is water/chemical/oil resistant and flame retardant, and also has quite fine abrasion resistance.

 

PE (Polyethylene)

This happens to be utilized basically for insulation purposes only. This has quite fine insulating properties, dielectric properties, as well as has good insulation resistance (>5000 Mohms/Km). This has an operating temperature range of –ten degree Celsius to seventy degree Celsius, & it is also very well-suited for water absorption and wear-resistant applications, wherever necessary.

 

Silicon Insulation

This is having excellent heat & cold resistance, and is also having great durability & excellent flexibility. The mechanical strength tends to increase by the glass braiding, which has great electrical properties suitable for high-voltage. Silicon rubber also has great resistance to chemical acids, oils as well as liquid fuels. They tend to be flame retardants that do not spread flame when exposed to fire.

 

XLPE Insulation

Better known as cross-linked-polyethylene-insulation, this happens to be used commonly to insulate medium as well as high voltage cables. The operating temperatures of this range from minus fifty degree Celsius to 105 degree Celsius! This tends to be utilized mainly for isolation purposes only.

 

EPR Insulation

Typically used to insulate low voltage cables as well as instrument cables; the operating temperature of this ranges from minus forty degree Celsius to ninety degree Celsius.

 

PEEK Insulation

PEEK stands for Polyetheretherketone. This happens to be one of the most efficient plastics that are available today. PEEK is basically a high-temp thermoplastic insulator, which is semi-crystalline in nature.

 

PTFE Insulation

PTFE stands for poly-tetra-fluoroethylene; this insulation is utilized mainly in a variety of high-temp applications in gas turbines as well as in high-voltage gas igniting wires. Owing to the thin walls, it is utilized in the aerospace industry as well as defense sectors, and even in vacuum. Its temperature ranges from -267 degree Celsius to 260 degree Celsius.

 

PFA Insulation

PFA stands for Per-Fluoro-Alkoxy. This is utilized in various high-temp applications like in gas turbines. This has almost similar properties as that of PTFE insulation. This has great electrical performance as well as mechanical performance of PTFE, along with added advantages of being simple & conventionally-compressible. Its temperature ranges from -260 degree Celsius to 260 degree Celsius.

 

ETFE Insulation

ETFE stands for Ethylene-Propylene-Fluoro-ethylene). This insulation is a durable material with great tear strength, nice tensile strength as well as excellent mechanical properties. This is having a wide as well as quite useful temperature range, and maintains considerable durability at quite low temperatures. This is widely utilized in both military as well as industrial applications. Its temperature ranges from -185 degree Celsius to 150 degree Celsius.

 

MFA Insulation

This also happens to be the fluoropolymer compound, whose temperature ranges from -200 degree Celsius to 250 degree Celsius. This is also having quite fine dielectric constant as well as great resistance to chemicals, oil, UV-radiations, as well as moisture. This happens to be used widely in various high-temp applications, military applications & industrial applications.

Heatcon Sensors

Heatcon Sensors is the best place to procure products like Thermocouple Extension Wires!

Get to Know Cartridge Heater Working Principle

Cartridge Heater Working Principle

How Do Cartridge Heaters Operate?

Operating Temperatures of Cartridge Heaters

Uses of Cartridge Heaters

Temperature Controllers & Sensors for Cartridge Heaters

Cartridge Heater Working Principle

A cartridge heater is a device that is used to heat a large variety of materials and objects. It is an efficient, self-contained electrical heating element that works on a simple working principle. The heater consists of a tubular metal sheath with resistance wire wound around a ceramic core, with insulating material filling the spaces between the core and the sheath. It operates by allowing an electrical current to pass through the resistance wire, which in turn generates heat. This heat is then transferred to the working materials or objects.

How Do Cartridge Heaters Operate?

Cartridge heaters are an ideal solution for application requiring a concentrated heat source. They are designed for tight spaces, and are available in a variety of sizes, wattages, and voltages. Cartridge heater working principle is simple; the cartridge heats up when electric current is applied, and the heat dissipates into the surrounding environment. 

Operating Temperatures of Cartridge Heaters

The operating temperatures of a cartridge heater depend on the design, the type & wattage of the cartridge and the materials that it is made from, but usually they are designed in such a way that they can possibly withstand working temperatures of even up to 1400 degree Fahrenheit.

Uses of Cartridge Heaters

Cartridge heaters are used in a wide range of applications, including medical equipment, food processing, and chemical manufacturing. They are also used in the automotive and aerospace industries for sealing, soldering, and heat treating. Cartridge heaters are also used for many applications including shrink-fitting, plastic extrusion, and food processing.   Some of their most common uses include heat sealing and melting plastic materials, heating up molds for injection molding and forming, hot-air welding of plastics, and soldering of electronic components. Mentioned underneath are some of the typical examples of the specific applications of cartridge heaters:

  • Hot stamping
  • Heating gasses 
  • Heating liquids
  • Hot runner molds
  • Laminating press
  • Medical equipments
  • Semiconductors
  • Plastic moldings
  • Scientific equipments

Temperature Controllers & Sensors for Cartridge Heaters

To ensure safe operation, temperature controllers and sensors must be used to monitor the Cartridge Heater’s temperature. Also, for best results, it is important to use the right temperature controller and sensors when working with them. The temperature controller helps to ensure that the cartridge heater reaches the desired temperature, while the sensors monitor the temperature and provide feedback to the controller. With their ability to provide accurate, reliable, and cost-effective heating, cartridge heaters are an essential part of many industrial processes. By making use of the right temperature controller and sensors, they can help to ensure that your processes are operated at the optimal temperature and with the highest degree of safety and efficiency.

Heatcon Sensors 

If you are searching for the best range of products in this regard, then there’s a company which you can bank upon, and that is Heatcon Sensors; we are known to provide high-quality products that have high-end applications.

A Potent Cartridge Heaters Manufacturer

Application Areas

Specifications

Construction

Termination Options

Hot-Rod cartridge heater has been designed in such a way that it provides totally uniform heating as well as great heat transfer rates across the entire heating surface. With individually adjustable heating zones, different process requirements could possibly be achieved, including heating that is zone-specific as well as distributed power demand with precise & uniform temperature. Such a heater is built with as little space as possible between the sheath and heating element for keeping the internal temperature low, resulting in smaller heaters that operate at higher power.

Application Areas

  • Metal die molding 
  • Control over humidity 
  • Semiconductor room heating 
  • Semiconductor’s wire & die bonding
  • High-temp glass-forming equipment
  • Seal bars that are being utilized in the packing material 
  • Heating  (as per patient’s comfort) in medical equipment 
  • Frost protection & melting of equipments in cold climate or cold application

Specifications

  • Material of the Sheath: stainless steel, INCOLOY 
  • Operating Temp: Up to 760 degree Celsius 
  • Watt Density: Up to 400 W/in2 
  • Voltage: Up to 480V AC 
  • Tolerance of the Sheath’s Length: ±3%
  • Wattage Tolerance +5%, -10%
  • Resistance Tolerance: +10%, -5%
  • Termination Style
    • Swaged in the wires or leads
    • Pressed on wires
    • Right angle wires
    • Stainless steel braided 
    • Teflon Cable
    • Fiberglass Cables

Construction

  • High temp lead wires for temperatures ranging up to 550 degree Celsius 
  • High in efficiency ceramic caps slows down contamination, and also it is greatly suitable for applications, which are high in vibration. Deep holes inside the cap helps to prevent these leads from unfolding when bent. 
  • Nickel-chromium resistant lead or wire ensures longer service life, uniform twist and uniform heat distribution. 
  • Magnesium oxide filler that is high in purity is chosen for maximum dielectric strength as well as thermal conductivity; also it is quite compact for maximum transfer of heat. 
  • Stainless steel sheath or Inconel coating used for the purpose of oxidation & corrosion resistance in many different environments. 
  • Tig-welded end plate for preventing contamination due to dirt & absorption of moisture

Termination Options

  • Ceramic Beads: When the temperature at the heater outlet goes beyond 590 degree Celsius, the ceramic beads tend to protect the lead or wire until normal insulation could possibly be utilized. 
  • Flexible Copper Elbow SS Pipe: The right-angled flexible pipe or conduit could possibly be fixed with a copper elbow. Such methodology could also be utilized for connecting right-angled flexible pipe or conduit to the stock heaters. 
  • Crimped Wires: Crimped wires or leads are usually utilized when the temperatures at the end of the heaters exceed the maximum-allowed limit of the lead wire’s temperature. 
  • Right-Angled Cables: Right-angled cables or leads tend to be the most ideal ones for tight spaces. These leads or wires have been covered with silicone-impregnated fiberglass sleeves wherein they tend to exit the heater. 
  • Right-Angled SS Flexible Pipe: This provides similar advantages as those with stainless steel flexible conduits, however, with the right-angled arrangement tends to allow this to be utilized in tight confined spaces. 
  • Sleeve: Silicone rubber fiberglass sleeve & fiberglass sleeve.
  • Flexible SS Tube: The flexible tube or conduit tends to protect the wire from friction, but can’t bend as sharply as stainless steel’s braid. The flexible ducts are also recessed, offering a similar kind of benefit of not being pulled outside of the heater.

Heatcon Sensors 

If you are looking for a worthy Cartridge Heaters Manufacturer, then look no further than Heatcon, which happens to be a great company providing amazing products in this regard.

Let Us Look at the Detail about Pt100 Probe

What is a Pt100 probe?

Termination

Lead Wire

Element

Sheath

Temperature Rating

Types & Specifications

What is a Pt100 probe?

If you have been wondering what a Pt100 probe is, then you are not alone. The Pt100 probe is basically the assembly that consists of the RTD’s element, one sheath, one lead wire & also one terminal or one connection. The Pt100 happens to be a temperature sensor, which contains one resistor, which tends to change the resistance value when there are changes in the temperature. Such a type of probe is commonly used in temperature measurement and control, and it is important to understand how it works in order to get accurate readings. The Pt100 probe is used in a variety of applications including temperature measurement, process control, and thermal management. The Pt100 probe has a wide range of temperature ratings and can be used in both Cryogenic and High Temperature applications. The Pt100 probe can be terminated with a variety of lead wires and sheaths.

 

Termination

A Pt100 probe could be terminated inside a connection head, in the fast disconnect, in the terminal-block or also in the extension wire. The standard terminations are described on the product-related pages. Other styles of termination are available by special order. 

Lead Wire

Pt100 probes also have lead wires, which are used to connect the probe to a measuring device. The lead wires are usually made of copper or another conductive material. Lead styles & RTD cables of extension tend to be provided in 1 of the 4 configurations. Style two is the standard. Ensure selecting a configuration, which matches the instrumentation. Some probes are also available with different types of lead wires, depending on the application.

Element

A Pt100 probe consists of a Pt100 element, which is a resistive material that changes resistance with temperature. 

The standard RTD probe has been built from a 100 ohm European platinum curved element (á = 0.00385). 

Sheath

The element is encased in a sheath, which is typically made of stainless steel. The sheath protects the element from damage and also helps to ensure accurate readings. The sheath, the tube with a closed end, secures the element and also protects it against any moisture content & other environment for measurement. The sheath too gives protection as well as stability for the lead wires of transition of the sensitive element wires. The standard sheaths are 3 mm (1/8″) & 6 mm (1/4″) O.D. 304 tubes made of stainless steel material. 

Temperature Rating

Pt100 probes are available in a variety of temperature ratings, which determine the range of temperatures that the probe can accurately measure. “PR” Style of the RTD’s probe assemblies have been rated to be used in temperatures largely up to even 600 degree Celsius (1110 degree Fahrenheit). The style sensor of “PRTF” has been rated up to the range of 260 degree Celsius or 500 degree Celsius as per the design. The limitations for the temperatures might be placed upon the styles of termination because of the insulation used in the wire. The rating of maximum temperature has been made available by special order, and it can be 750 degree Celsius (1380 degree Fahrenheit). 

Heatcon Sensors

If you have been looking for accurate temperature readings, a Pt100 probe is a great option. This type of probe consists of a thin wire that is wrapped around a metal rod. The wire is then connected to a monitoring device. Pt100 probes are often used in industrial settings, as they are able to withstand high temperatures. They are also available in different sizes and with different lead wire and sheath options, so you can choose the best option for your needs. Keep in mind that the element and temperature rating of the Pt100 probe will affect its accuracy. When using a Pt100 probe, it is important to choose the right termination for the lead wires. This will ensure that the readings are accurate and that the probe is properly connected to the measuring device. For procuring the right type of products, you can come to Heatcon!

Describing the Equipments for Calibration Systems

Standard PRT

Secondary SPRTs

Master Thermocouples

Dry Block Calibrator

Coefficient of Uncertainty

The equipment that is needed for performing temperature sensors’ thermal calibration largely depends upon the desirable accuracy as well as easiness of usage. The larger is the precision needed, the more demanding is the procedure as well as the costs. The equipments for Calibration Systems is usually divided into 1 of the 3 groups.

  1. The general purpose system used to test temperature sensors in industrial plants generally provides an accuracy of 1.0 degree Celsius to 0.1 degree Celsius making use of the comparison techniques. 
  2. A secondary standard system used for high-quality comparisons as well as fixed-point measurement typically provides an accuracy of 0.1 degree Celsius and 0.01 degree Celsius. 
  3. The primary standardization system makes use of the highly advanced & precise equipment for achieving accuracy better than 0.001 degree Celsius. 

Typical equipments utilized for comparison calibration include the following: 

  • A standard PRT or the secondary PRT
  • Multiple temperature baths
  • System for data acquisition
  • Temperature Sensors

For low temperature calibration, Platinum resistance detectors are utilized as SPRT & RTD forms, which are quite stable as well as highly accurate. A noble-metal thermocouple, such as an R, S type, is utilized for high temperature calibration. Such sensors should have accuracy & repeatability. 

Standard PRT

SPRT or Standard-Platinum-Resistance-Thermometer happens to be a highly accurate standard that is currently available, but it is also quite an expensive one, & other such standards are the better acceptable alternatives as per the temperature ranges covered, desired accuracies, capability , or calibration lab preferences. 

Secondary SPRTs

These are much more usable & deal with less processing interferences. It is cheaper than SPRT. 

Master Thermocouples

These are utilized as reference sensors in the comparison calibration processes. These are placed together with the calibrated sensor in quite a stable temperature zone, and their values ​​are compared & errors are calculated. 

  • Temperature Reading Methods

These devices measure the power of sensors; they should be having higher resolution as well as fine accuracy. 

  • Secondary Temperature Sources

Dry Block Calibrator

This provides a highly convenient portable device for monitoring industrial sensors & typically achieves relatively fast heating and cooling. 

Stirred Liquid Bath

Such a bath provides an excellent thermal environment for probe immersion because there’s no air gap between probe & medium. 

Ice Baths

Such a bath consists of a mixture of melting shaved ice & water. 

Negative Baths

Negative Bath & Ice Bath are primarily utilized for RTD calibration, providing negative temperature for the application of lower temperature calibration. 

Fluidized Calibration Bath

Such a bath is a unique way to obtain precisely controlled temperatures

Coefficient of Uncertainty 

In the past, test device error or inaccuracy was usually a concern when the test device was used as a reference. The concept of uncertainty is now often used in the calibration of precision instruments, where high precision is required in the measurement. This concept is viewed based on several significant parameters. Today, calibration labs must calculate & add total/expanded uncertainty to all measurements while calibrating test instruments. This should be noted that “error” isn’t “uncertainty”.

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Let Us Discuss the Types of Thermal Calibration

Fixed Point Method of Thermal Calibration

Comparison Method of Thermal Calibration

Electrical Method of Thermal Calibration – Simulators & Sources

Types of Thermal Calibration

There happen to be chiefly 3 types of thermal calibration methods, which are as follows:

Fixed Point Method of Thermal Calibration

Fixed points happen to be the highly accurate devices, which are available to determine the temperature’s scale. The devices that are fixed-point in nature tend to utilize completely pure materials in sealed, inert environments; these tend to be generally delicate in nature, so, must be handled with utmost care. This method i.e. the fixed point method is basically an absolute methodology that is utilized for realizing the ITS-90 (which is the International-Temperature-Scale). The thermometer tends to be calibrated by measuring a series of temperature points that are fixed: for example melting or freezing point, triple point and vapor pressure point. This particular method consists in placing the thermometer in a cell with a fixed point, which provides an environment that is isothermal in nature. A fixed point cell is basically a flask that is almost filled completely with pure material & that is protected by a shell. The cell is placed in an apparatus, which provides fine temperature control as well as sufficient cell immersion for producing a uniform temperature in that particular measuring zone. The apparatus should have cooling that is fixed point & regulated heat. This can be a furnace; usually a vertical tube one with adequate insulation, or a liquid bath one. Multiple set points are selected. These must be as few as possible, which is consistent with creating a fine interpolation formula. Such methodology provides a very accurate calibration, and is being used only for the most high-quality thermometers. However, this is hard to implement due to the intricacy of the equipment, and the very many precautions needed to be taken for making fixed points successful. Fixed points are realized with the help of many pure substances. But, many don’t provide the necessary stability & reproducibility, and some others may also need an intricate procedure & special lab facilities.

 

Comparison Method of Thermal Calibration

In this type of method, usually the following are needed:

  1. A stable source for temperature 
  2. A calibrated master sensor
  3. A calibrated meter

 

The selectable calibration medium largely depends on the range of temperature as described below: 

  • For low temperature‘s calibration (that is usually below minus 180 degree Celsius) a copper block that is vacuum-jacketed. 
  • A controlled mixed liquid bath above minus ninety degree Celsius and up to 300 degree Celsius is the most common calibration method. Freon/alcohol could also be utilized from minus ninety degree Celsius, water at room temperature, oil up to 300 minus ninety degree Celsius. 
  • Salt-bath/liquid bath/dry-block can be used at temperatures up to 600 degree Celsius. 
  • Furnaces are more suitable for much higher temperatures. There are many models. Some have low thermal mass & fast response; while others may have high thermal mass & slow response.

 

For minimizing or reducing the temperature gradients in the bath/furnace, a metal equalizing block with thermowells is placed to receive both the standard as well as the thermometers, which are to be calibrated. This particular methodology makes it possible to cover a wide temperature range in a short time, point-by-point/continuously, & for calibrating several thermometers at the same time. However, the comparative method is less accurate than the fixed one.

Electrical Method of Thermal Calibration – Simulators & Sources

Indicators & controllers tend to be calibrated using injection signals that usually simulate thermocouples, thermistors or resistance thermometers. The simulators tend to give quite fast & comfortable methods to calibrate the instrument at several points.

Heatcon Sensors 

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Thermocouple Extension Cable Insulation Type

Fiberglass Insulation

Ceramic Fiber Insulation

Alumina Fiber

Polymide Insulation

Mica

Asbestos

Thermoplastic Compounds – High Temperature Insulation

Fiberglass Insulation 

Such type of fiber-glass thermocouple extension cable insulation is basically utilized in high-temp applications with temperature ranging from -73 degree Celsius to 600 degree Celsius. This tends to have very good wear resistance, great dielectric characteristics, excellent fire & high-temp resistance. All these properties make this a vastly utilized one mainly in the industrial applications including glass plants, steel plants as well as aluminum plants. This is also made use of in the heat-treatment industry. 

Ceramic Fiber Insulation

This type of ceramic-fiber thermocouple extension cable insulation is having a higher range of temperature than that of the fiberglass discussed above. The operating temperature of this particular one is up to 800 degree Celsius. This has great fire & heat resistance characteristics. This is vastly made use of in various industrial applications such as in glass plants, steel plants as well as aluminum plants too. This one is also utilized in the heat-treatment industries, furnace research as well as in temperature sensors too. 

Alumina Fiber

This one has the highest temperature tolerance range up to even 1200 degree Celsius. This is also having great flame retardant as well as heat resistance characteristics. Continuous filament aluminum fiber has been adopted for use in the insulation of conductors as well as in the jacketing of cables, for the reason of it withstanding quite high temperature, thus maintaining crucial strength as well as flexibility even upto 1200 degree Celsius for long durations of time. These also have great chemical resistance. 

Polymide Insulation

Such types of polyimide tapes tend to be sturdy golden brown plastic films with great physical, chemical as well as electrical characteristics over a very wide temperature range. Such films do not tend to melt and they are also fire resistant because of having the highest flammability. The operating temperature of this type of insulation ranges from -267 degree Celsius to 310 degree Celsius. 

Mica

Having great fire & heat resistance characteristics, this flame retardant insulation type is typically used as a fire resistant intermediate tape. 

Asbestos

The primary reason for utilizing such asbestos insulation is its property of being fire & heat resistant. Among other reasons is its property of electrical insulation, acid resistance as well as good durability. The property of electrical insulation is also being used for protecting conductors from damaging conditions such as with exposure to moisture & chemicals, and even to fill up spaces wherever corona discharges are likely.

Heatcon Sensors

Heatcon Sensors is a company that houses the best range of products. So, whenever you are making such purchases, you can do so from the house of Heatcon!

 

 

Discussing about the Calibration of Sensors

Heatcon Sensors

Temperature is such a parameter that is oftentimes measured in business processes quite regularly. Various sorts of mechanical as well as electric thermometers tend to be utilized for experiencing & managing process temperature(s). Regular calibration of those thermometers is important to ensure a steady quality of the product(s) that are being manufactured, in addition to supplying regulatory compliance for a few industry verticals.

Calibration is a contrast among measurements – one in every acknowledged value or correctness made or set with 1 device & any other measurement done in the same manner as feasible with a 2nd device. The device with the acknowledged or assigned correctness is referred to as the standard. The 2nd device is the unit below check, testing instrument, or any of numerous different names for the device that is being calibrated.

Calibration of sensors is usually achieved for confirming the performance of an instrument/sensor. Calibration is the technique, which is utilized for making sure that an instrument/sensor keeps specification through the years & converting ambient conditions. Calibration of sensors is the technique that is utilized for preserving traceability of parameters almost about national/global benchmarked standards.

The technique of calibrations may be defined in as many ways as there are these methods. As per ISA’s (Automation, Instruments & Systems) dictionary, calibration may be described as – A test through which an acknowledged cost of measurement is carried out to transducers & corresponding output readings thus recorded below detailed conditions. The definition consists of the functionality to regulate the instrument at 0, and to set the favored span. The interpretation of this definition might say that the calibration is a contrast of measuring device in opposition to a standard instrument of better accuracy for detecting, correlating, regulating, rectifying & recording the accuracy of the instrument that is under comparison.

Heatcon Sensors

Having more than thirty years of expertise in the manufacturing of temperature sensors & heaters, Heatcon provides a greater level of accuracy, quality, as well as indomitable commitment to continuous customer support. Heatcon is a topnotch firm having great wealth of experienced & dedicated employees, who get on-going training in all segments of the business ensuring to provide the best level of service as well as product delivery to all the esteemed customers. Heatcon provides a host of different temperature measuring products to include thermocouple cables, general thermocouples, thermocouple connectors, mineral insulated thermocouples, and all sorts of different temperature sensors, as well as heaters. The products could be manufactured as per the specific requirements of the customers. We have an in-house calibration laboratory that is NABL-accredited. Heatcon happens to have the required resources as well as great expertise for providing worldwide advice on product(s) & equipment(s) to various companies across the world.

 

 

About the Inspection and Testing of the Sensors

Heatcon Sensors

Various tests are performed to ensure the quality of the sensor: 

  • Type Test: Such testing that is usually performed to demonstrate compliance with the specification is called a type test. The purpose of such a test is to show the general characteristics & design of a particular sensor sample. 
  • Routine Test: Such a test that is performed on each sensor according to the sampling plan is known as the routine test.

 

Important quality assurance tests are as follows: 

  • Inspection of Appearance & Construction: Visual inspection ensures conformance of thermocouple assembly to specification, drawing & materials. The finish of seams, joints, welds, name-plates/tagging-plates and other parts are visually inspected for any defects, dirt and roughness on the surface. If needed, welds and fittings can be subjected to a dye-penetration-test, hydrostatic pressure testing and even X-ray inspection. 
  • Dimensional Checks: Unless otherwise stated, dimensional checks are made according to the tables using a straight gauge, Vernier Caliper, and even gauges. 
  • Insulation Resistance Test: Such testing is usually performed with a super megohmmeter by applying a steep temperature gradient to the sensor assembly that has been immersed in a boiling water-bath for accelerating the condensation of residual moisture in the assembly. Such testing allows a very precise measurement of the assembly’s insulation resistance between the sheath and the terminal. 
  • Emf Calibration Tests: Such a test could be performed by two ways, one with the standard method with RTD or standard thermocouple, and second option is by the absolute method using fixed point standards in each unit or set at 3 points of the preset temperature as per the sensor type. 
  • Pressure Tests (Only for Elements That Are Sealed): The element would be tested in a hydraulic testing chamber where ice & water are in equilibrium, and they are electrically connected to a suitable indicator. The fluid pressure in the chamber should be increased to 35 kgf/cm, and then maintained for 15 mins. The element’s resistance or EMF must not deviate considerably enough from the equilibrium temperature that corresponds to the applied pressure, and when the element is later removed from that chamber, it must pass the accuracy test as well as the insulation resistance testing. 
  • Thermocouple Type Identification Test & Polarity Test: Either immersing the thermocouple in the boiling water bath above or applying hot air/flame heat to the hot-end/cold-end of the bead thermocouple to produce an EMF that allows a certain type of thermocouple to be plotted on Temperature vs. EMF-table. A DC circuit tester that is high in resolution tends to be utilized for identifying the thermocouple type & the polarity of the thermocouple’s terminal & its leg.
  • Others: Loop Resistance tests, pressure tests, X-ray tests, vibration tests, voltage withstand tests, helium leak tests, etc. could even be done if requested.

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Gain Adequate Know how about Furnace Monitoring System

Cement Kilns & Coolers

Power Utility Boilers

Steel

Glass 

 

Furnace Monitoring System – Introduction 

Such systems are necessary to see the internal conditions of any hot furnace. Conventionally speaking, this used to be done through peep holes inside the furnace, however with better protections and the advent of new-found technologies, to obtain this image, the control room provided a great benefit to the operators as well as plant management. Cameras for monitoring the furnaces are utilized in cement plants, steel plants, glass plants as well as power plants; to see in the boiler furnaces, rotary kilns, melting furnaces, clinker coolers, and etcetera. Such types of systems are flexible in nature and they are quite easy in installation on the furnace wall. They have a 68°horizontal & 50°vertical field of the view; providing a better overall picture. The conventional straight view lens tube is commonly utilized in most wall-mounted boilers. The offset angle-lens could be utilized in much smaller-sized tangentially-heated boilers that are corner-fired. 

Application Information 

Cement Kilns & Coolers 

To make the finest firing decision, the kiln user must have reliable information about the kiln. The camera of the furnace offers a view into the interior of the kiln directly in that of the control room. The camera of the furnace shows the flame, monitors its length, direction and any effect that it has on the feed. Better control helps in achieving the best conditions of operating for the flame and also improves efficiency of the fuel. The temperature of the flame could also be monitored while petroleum coke or burning coal; and this is done by observing the color changes or selecting a thermal camera. The camera selected for the coolers-section offers a view in the coolers, which is crucial for monitoring the condition of the cement clinker that is quite significant for the quality of the product.

Power Utility Boilers

Cameras have been utilized for decades for viewing the interiors of the boilers operating with coal & oil heating for facilitating start-up or shut down! There is a risk of an explosion inside the boiler if the fuel does not ignite as it should, so monitoring this process will help prevent this type of any unrequired reactions. Earlier, flame detectors had been utilized for assisting light-of, but this was not quite reliable as is needed. Black & white cameras had also been utilized for helping, but were often pulled when the boiler was under full load as such cameras rarely work well across the full dynamic ranges of these boilers. Now, with the help of certain new found systems, it’s now becoming increasingly possible to constantly monitor the various condition(s) of such furnaces. 

Steel 

The camera of the furnace gives a clear-cut view of steel-slab progress in batch or even continuous steel reheating of the furnace as well as the performance of the burner. The camera here is perfectly installed near the furnace exit, above the products on opposite sides. A collective view of the cameras gives a 360-degree view of this furnace. The camera is even quite useful if it is installed below the height of the slab traveling movement. This helps to see the scale accumulated under the steel. 

Glass 

The camera of the furnace offers a clear-cut view of the inside of the glass furnace. It controls the condition of the molten glass, the health of the refractory material and the activity inside the furnace. A thermal view is used in some of the specific cases wherein the need is of obtaining a thermal view of the furnace. With the help of data recording, it is possible to analyze the life of the refectory, etcetera. Such types of cameras are also being utilized in the applications of steel kilns to view the interior of those kilns & the burner flame. A furnace camera installed at the entrance of the rolling mill helps the users to monitor the slab from the plate to the rolling mill.

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For the best range of products, you can count upon Heatcon! So, for any such industrial need, you now know whom to contact!

Know It All about Thermowell Fitting Accessories

Metal Plugs & Socket Connections

Standard and Mini Thermocouple Connectors

 

Thermowell Fitting Accessories

Installation of the temperature sensor assemblies into a thermowell or straight inside a said process needs the utilization of a certain type of fitting that of brass/stainless-steel. This fitting tends to consist of some threaded connections, a bayonet cover (& adapters) along with a flange as well. The flange, which is somewhat adjustable, could simultaneously be utilized to assemble the sensors during the said process. The cap enables quick installation in suitable adapters, which are located inside that process; and such a technology has been used widely majorly in plastic machineries. Bushes & hexagon-plugs have been utilized while adjustments and/or removals in a much lesser significance. The selection of the fitting might be driven by the necessity for pressure integrity or also by the limitations of physical sizes. Such a compression-fitting as well as threaded brush could be supplied as well with the tapered threads for achieving a connection that is pressure-tight. 

  • Compression Fittings: The compression fittings, which are adjustable in nature, have been utilized straight over the probe for achieving the much-needed insertion length in that process, as well as for ensuring right protection of the probe(s) inside the thermowells. A compression fitting thus used to attach tubing (i.e. piping) usually has ferrules inside them. Compression fitting is thus quite popular as it does not need any kind of soldering, which makes them relatively quicker & easier to be used. 
  • Nipple Fittings: A nipple is made from the same flange family at both ends of the tube section. (Hybrid adapters are connectors with flanges of a different family on each end.) A straight nipple is made with the same-sized flange on both ends of a straight tubing-section. The reducer nipple has flanges of different sizes at both ends (that belong to the same family). 

 

3-piece unions must be utilized in dangerous places, in the junctions of pipes (conduits) & boxes or different appliances. The links consist of 3 independent pieces, which could possibly be screwed together by the rotation of the same pieces together among them. 

Terminations

Metal Plugs & Socket Connections

The connection between the thermocouple’s thermoelectric leads and the extension cables is made with uncompensated male & female connectors. The metal frame and housing of such connectors tend to ensure the continuity of protection or screening, & good temperature. 

Standard and Mini Thermocouple Connectors

The standard and mini connectors are perfect for connecting the sensors of a thermocouple along with the extension or compensation cable towards one another. The pins tend to be polarized for preventing any wrong connections and the connector body also tends to be marked with polarity. Such connectors are color coded as per the specific standards such as: IEC and ANSI etc.

 

 

Gain Information about Thermowell Special Coating

Thermowell Special Coating

Variety of Thermowell Special Coatings

Tests on Thermowell 

Thermowell Material Selection

 

Most industrial facilities rely on some form of temperature measurement in order to monitor and control processes. One of the most critical aspects of temperature measurement is the thermowell. A thermowell is a protective sleeve that houses the temperature sensor. It acts as a barrier between the process and the sensor, allowing the sensor to be removed or replaced without disrupting the process. The thermowell is basically the component that is used to protect sensors from high temperatures. In order to prevent damage to the sensor, a thermowell is often used. This tube-like component is inserted into the process stream. The sensor is placed inside the thermowell. The thermowell protects the sensor from the high temperatures of the process stream. The thermowell also allows the sensor to be removed from the process stream without interrupting the process. Thermowells are often subjected to harsh conditions, which can lead to corrosion and wear. In order to protect the thermowell and extend its lifespan, many facilities specify a special coating for their thermowells.

Thermowell Special Coating

Thermowells are often coated with a special coating to protect the sensor from the high temperatures of the process stream. The coating also allows the sensor to be removed from the process stream without interrupting the process. The coating is applied to the thermowell before the sensor is placed inside the thermowell. The coating is applied to the outside & inside of the thermowell, to the sensor, lead wires, electrical connections, solder joints, terminals, housing, base, cover, mounting bracket, support bracket, gasket, seals, o-rings, washers, screws, and nuts & bolts.

Variety of Thermowell Special Coatings

There are a variety of special coatings that can be applied to thermowells, depending on the specific needs of the application. Some common special coatings include:

  • Teflon
  • Tungsten
  • Boron Nitride
  • Zirconia 
  • Alumina
  • Stellite 

 

The type of special coating that is applied to a thermowell will depend on the specific needs of the application. In many cases, a combination of coatings may be used in order to achieve the desired results. If you are specifying a thermowell for a temperature measurement application, be sure to discuss your coating requirements with your supplier. They will be able to recommend the best coating for your particular application.

Tests on Thermowell 

Some Thermowell tests include the following:

  • Radiography
  • Material tests
  • Dimensional tests
  • Dye penetration tests
  • Hydrostatic pressure tests

Thermowell Material Selection 

The choice of material is the most significant aspect in the service life of a thermowell. Selection of the thermowell is entirely based on the application temperature & process environment.

  • Connection: This happens to be the installation factor
  • Insertion Length: This happens to be the accuracy factor
  • Bore Size: This happens to be the interchangeability factor
  • Tapered/Straight Well: This happens to be the factor for velocity rating 

PTC 19.3 Thermowell Standardization 

ASME (American-Society-of-Mechanical-Engineers) PTC (Performance-Test-Codes) have been made use of for determining the performances of particular, mechanical equipment that tend to be constructed for meeting some required criteria for performance as well as operability. 

Heatcon Sensors

Thermowell Special Coating is a type of coating that is applied to thermowells in order to protect them from the environment and extend their life. There are many different types of thermowell special coatings available, each with its own set of benefits. Choosing the right coating for your thermowell is important in order to get the most out of it. Contact Heatcon for the best range of products in this domain.

 

 

Introduction to Thermocouple Extension Cable

More about Thermocouple Extension Cable

About the Costs

Insulation

Introduction to Thermocouple Extension Leads and Compensating Cable

It’s usually desired for connecting thermocouples’ probes as parts of some very long circuits to a remotely operated unit of reference and/or some measuring instruments further away from the sensor itself. However, the expense is generally avoided of high-quality thermocouples’ cables in the longer run. It can be fine if some cheaper cable is connected, but this has to be done without worrying too much that the connection temperature is known & taken well into consideration. When thermocouples are connected to instruments, it’s necessary to use a cable with the same EMF-output as that of the thermocouple; else spurious EMFs will occur at those junctions. The finest solution hence comes with the utilization of the same material as that of the thermocouple (extension-cable). A cost-effective option is to utilize compensating cables with alloys different from those of the thermocouples, which have the same power in a limited range of temperature.

More about Thermocouple Extension Cable 

Compensating & extension grades of wires tend to be provided in the bright-annealed form. To make this happen, the extra conductor’s thermoelectric properties mustn’t vary much from that of the thermocouples. Extension & compensating cable offers a highly-convenient & quite-economical solution; with its own advantages as well as disadvantages. The extension cable nominally utilizes a similar conductor as that of the thermocouples, so that it has similar thermal characteristics and no such problems appearing with the connection. The mismatching error appearing from high temperature of the connecting-box tends to be comparatively small.

About the Costs

Such cables tend to be less expensive than thermocouples’ wires, though not quite cheap; they tend to be produced in a form suitable for long-distance transport, usually as multi-core cable or flexible wiring. These are advisable for the highest level of accuracy. Compensating cables, alternatively, tend to be less accurate but less expensive even. They use quite a variety of relatively cheaper alloy conductors’ material. Therefore, combining these would harness the same power as a particular thermocouple, but the range of operating temperature must be limited to keep the mismatch error acceptably diminutive.

Insulation

Insulation is known as the layer of polymer, plastic, or high-temp compound applied directly over the conductor. Generally, various insulations are offered along with a vast temperature range from -260 degree Celsius to 1200 degree Celsius. Most insulating materials are also being utilized for sheathing. Insulating material is selected as per their mechanical, electrical, and high-temp properties. Sheath means the outer layer of polymer, plastic, or high-temp compound applied to the cables. The outermost sheath (or better known as the jacket) is intended for mechanical protection of the insulated cores and other cable’s components. 

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Get Complete Knowledge on Thermowell Tip Profile

Basic Thermowell Structure – Shank Construction

Flange Face Types

Thermowell Welding

WPS & PQR

 

Thermowell Tip Profile

  • Tapered: The outside diameter progressively reduces along the length of the immersion. This is utilized for various high-speed applications. 
  • Flat Tip: One end of this is having a flattened surface. This one is utilized for low-pressure applications or in places where the flow characteristics that are around the body aren’t that significant. 
  • Domed Tip: This type of protective cover has a hemispherical tip at the thermowell at one of the ends. This one is utilized in various high-pressure applications or in places where the flow characteristics, which are around it, are quite significant. 
  • Spherical Tip: For this, a special drill with 118ºC tip angle is utilized for thermowell’s production. The end is spherical i.e. in the shape of a ball, for achieving wall thickness as uniform as possible. 

Basic Thermowell Structure – Shank Construction

  • Q-Dimension: This happens to be the shank’s thickest segment on the hotter side of flange or process connection. This depends on the size of the bore & that of the process connection. 
  • Bore size: This is Thermowell’s inner diameter. This can also be referred to as the diameter of the cylindrical cavity inside the thermowell or protective tube. The standardized drilling dimensions are 6.5mm and 8.5mm. 
  • Immersion U-Length: Thermowell’s length or that of the protecting tube, which is under the flange, the mounting threads, the bushing, etcetera; extending into the area of the process. This length, ‘U,’ is actually measured from the process connection bottom to that of the Thermowell’s tip. 
  • Lagging Extension T-Length: Additionally to the standardized head lengths, the trailing extension length is required to allow access to the end of the trailing extension and allow the probe to reach through insulation/walls. 
  • Inside Mounting Thread: Thermowell’s inside thread shields to secure the junction temperature device & nipple extension for the assembly of a Thermowell. 

Flange Face Types

  • Raised-Face or RF: This is the most commonly used flange type, and this one can be easily identified. This is called an RF or the raised surface as the sealing surfaces are raised above the surface of the bolt circle. 
  • Ring-Type Joint or RTJ: Its flanges have grooves, which are cut into the surface that seal with steel rings. 
  • Flat Face or FF: This one has a sealing surface that is in the similar plane as the surface of the bolt circle. 

Thermowell Welding 

Welding is actually the process in which 2 metals are joined by heating them to a suitable temperature. This can be made with or without pressure, and with or without any filling. The 2 main types are as under:

  • Full Penetration – This particular type of weld provides a fully-welded interface between 2 parts & is usually the sturdiest joint. 
  • Partial Penetration – This particular type of weld consists of an interface that is partially welded with a filler metal placed on the surface of the 2 metals.

WPS & PQR 

WPS stands for Welding-Procedure-Specification. It is actually a document, which tends to describe the process of welding and how it should be done in production. These are advisable for all sorts of welding operations as well as the many application codes & standards tend to make them kind of mandatory.  WPQR or PQR is shortened to Procedure-Qualification-Record. This is something that supports the WPS. This is actually a test-weld that has been made & tested (quite rigorously) for ensuring a good weld with the procedure.

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Know All about Thermowells and Their Types

Types of Thermowells as per Their Connection to Process

Types of Thermowells as per Their Production Method

 

Thermocouples, RTDs, and other temperature sensors are essential for many industrial and commercial applications. However, these sensors can be damaged by exposure to high temperatures. This is where thermowells come in. These are designed to protect temperature sensors from the high temperatures of the process. They are made of materials that can withstand the temperatures of the process, such as stainless steel or ceramic. It also provide a convenient way to remove and replace sensors without disturbing the process. Those are an essential part of many industrial and commercial applications. They protect temperature sensors from the high temperatures of the process, and provide a convenient way to remove and replace sensors.

Types of Thermowells as per Their Connection to Process

There are many different types of thermowells, depending on the application.

  • Threaded Thermowells have threads at one of the ends & they are screwed in the process. These threads could be of parallel/tapered types. Threaded thermowells are easy to install & remove, and they’re relatively inexpensive. They can be used with a variety of different thread sizes. However, they’re not as sturdy & durable as other types of thermowells; so they’re not suitable for high-pressure applications; and can also be damaged if not installed correctly.
  • Socket-weld Thermowells are welded into the weldalets & one weld is welded straight in the process. Those are more expensive than threaded thermowells, but they’re much more sturdy & durable. They’re also better suited for high-pressure applications. They’re also easier to install correctly, which reduces the risk of damage. However, they can only be used with certain types of socket weld fittings.
  • Flanged Thermowells have flange collars that are connected to mating flanges. Though they are a bit expensive, still Flanged welded thermowells are quite strong, and they’re also the most durable ones. They’re generally only used in high-pressure applications where threaded or socket weld thermowells wouldn’t be suitable. They can be used with a variety of different flange sizes, and are easy to install correctly. However, they’re not as widely available as other types of thermowells.

Types of Thermowells as per Their Production Method

Thermowells are used in a variety of industries to protect temperature sensors from the environment. They are also classified according to their production method.

  • Fabricated thermowells are made from a variety of materials, including stainless steel, Inconel, and Hastelloy. They are typically custom-made to fit the specific application. 
  • Bar-stock thermowells are made from a solid piece of metal that is machined to the desired shape. 
  • Van-stone thermowells are made by welding a metal sleeve to a pipe.

For the best range of products, do remember to contact Heatcon Sensors.

 

 

Protection Tubes Explained in Detail

Features of a Protection Tube

Metallic/Non-Metallic Sheath or Protection

Ceramic Sheaths with Thermocouple Elements 

Types of Protection Tubes

 

Protection Tubes

Thermowell, Fittings, and Terminations are all important components of a protection tube assembly. A protection tube, also called a thermowell, is a hollow sleeve that is used to protect temperature sensing elements, like thermocouples and RTDs, from the process environment. Thermowell is available in a variety of materials, like stainless steel that can withstand high temperatures and corrosive environments. Fittings are used to connect the protection tube to the process. Common fittings include weld-in fittings, threaded fittings, and sweat fittings. Terminations are used to seal the end of the protection tube and protect the sensor from the process environment. When selecting a protection tube assembly, it is important to consider the type of process environment, the temperature range, the pressure range, and the corrosion resistance required.

Features of a Protection Tube

Thermowell fittings and terminations are an essential part of any process system. They provide a means of protecting expensive instrumentation from the hostile environment of the process. A well-designed protection tube will have a number of features that make it an ideal choice for use in a process application. These features include:

  • A smooth interior surface that is free of sharp edges or burrs. This is important to prevent damage to the instrumentation that is being protected.
  • A thick wall that is resistant to corrosion and can withstand the pressures and temperatures of the process.
  • A robust connection to the process piping that will not leak or fail under pressure.
  • A flared end that allows for easy installation of the instrumentation.

Metallic/Non-Metallic Sheath or Protection 

A metal tube, mostly stainless steel, tends to have some mechanical advantages plus an increased thermal conductivity; these are usually immune to any thermal shock(s). The metal protective sheath can possibly be utilized at temperatures up to 1150 degree Celsius. Ceramic is better when more purity is needed for the sensors or products to not contaminate at high temperatures.

Ceramic Sheaths with Thermocouple Elements 

The basic use range of the ceramic sheath is at 1000 – 1800 degree Celsius. These could be in direct contact with the medium one or could also be utilized as gas-tight inner sheaths for separating the thermocouples from actual metal protective tubes. These must be installed in a hanging position above the temperature of 1200 degree Celsius for avoiding any distortion or breakage owing to bending stress. Even any hairline crack could possibly cause contamination of the thermocouples, leading to drifts or damages. Thickness of the wall of the material is also significant; where a thin-walled tube is better than a thicker wall. Cracks often occur when they are subjected to too rapid temperature alterations when quickly removed from hot furnaces.

Types of Protection Tubes

  1. Metallic 
  2. Non-Metallic 

Heatcon Sensors 

When selecting a protection tube for your application, it is important to consult with a knowledgeable supplier who can help you choose the best option for your specific needs. Contact Heatcon right away! So, if you are looking for high quality protection tubes, thermowell, fittings and terminations, look no further than our company. We offer a wide range of products that are designed to meet the highest standards of quality and safety. Our products are also available in a variety of sizes and configurations to meet your specific needs. Contact us today to learn more about our products and how we can help you protect your investment.

 

 

Information about Industrial RTD Probes

Probe Assemblies

Flexible Resistance Thermometers

Resistance Thermometer for Special Purposes

Applications of Resistance Thermometers

Advantages of Platinum Resistance Thermometers

Limitations of Platinum Resistance Thermometers

 

Industrial RTD Probes

Encapsulated probe is basically a resistance thermometer’s standard configuration usually for industrial process control as well as protection of the machinery. Most of such probe cases tend to be of stainless steel or Inconel for withstanding extreme temperature, though other material provides better benefits in the mid-range. Standard diameter of the probe ranges from 0.125. to 0.250. Small sized probes tend to react faster when they are inserted directly, however large sized probes fit much tightly into the standard protective covers. The length-range of a probe tends to vary between some inches to even 10 feet or even more than that. 

Probe Assemblies

A wide range of mounting parts as well as accessories tends to assist in the installation of sensors. The choice is largely based upon the nature of the detected carrier and the cost needs. Direct probe immersion needs a threaded connection that can be fitted well or welded to the probe. 

Flexible Resistance Thermometers

The encased probe is not very suitable for detecting flat surfaces. Unlike the junctions in thermocouples that could be soldered straight to metal surfaces, RTDs provide some mass; & heat loss to the surrounding air, which can tend to affect the reading. Small-sized flattened elements like thin films could also be mounted to the surfaces, but sensitive elements as well as wire connections tend to make the process installation much more difficult. 

Resistance Thermometer for Special Purposes

A resistance thermometer tends to adapt easily to most models of process control & thermal equipment. The users can specify axial lead enclosures for the mounting of the circuit boards, flat packages in order to clamp to the surface(s), mini enclosures for embedment in metal blocks, and any fittings & sheaths that can all be produced by a machine shop. Additionally, windings of the wires could possibly be configured for detecting larger regions. 

Applications of Resistance Thermometers

In general, resistance thermometer offers the maximum number of benefits over other types of thermometers in the following situations: 

  • High standardization is desirable 
  • Sensing of area, instead of point, betters control 
  • Accuracy should be extending over a vast range of temperature
  • Accuracy & stability being the most important application goals  

Advantages of Platinum Resistance Thermometers

  • Lesser drift 
  • Higher accuracy 
  • Wide range of applications 
  • Suitability for specific and precise applications  

Limitations of Platinum Resistance Thermometers

  • A resistance thermometer in industrial application is rarely used above 600 degree Celsius. At a temperature above 660 degree Celsius, it tends to become highly difficult to avoid contamination of the platinum with the metal shell of the thermometer. Therefore, standard lab thermometers replace the metal sheath with a glass construction. At a very low temp, say somewhere around -270 degree Celsius (i.e. 3K) or even lower than this, the reason being quite a lesser no. of photons, the resistance is principally measured by the impurities as well as boundary diffusion; and therefore, essentially temperature independent. Resultantly, RTD sensitivity is largely zero, so it is not quite useful. 
  • Compared to a thermistor, platinum resistance thermometer is less sensitive to minute temperature alterations & has a much slower reaction time. But a thermistor has a much smaller range of temperature as well as stability.

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Potential Sources of Error in RTD

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Sources of Error in RTD

RTD’s i.e. the Resistance-thermometer-systems are prone to 3 major sorts of errors:  one is the tolerances built into the thermometers inherently, second is with the gradients between the thermometer & the measuring medium, and third type of errors in the path between the sensor & the display/control device. Some error sources are purely electronic; while others can be due to the mechanical designing of the thermometers. 

  • Conformity or Interchangeability: Interchangeability or conformity defines the amount of resistance by which the thermometer is allowed deviation from the standard curve.
  • Sensitivity: The change in resistance per degree temperature change is actually the function of the base resistance as well as TCR (which is the Temperature-Coefficient-of-Resistance). 
  • Insulation Resistance: If the sensing element & the leads are not insulated fully from the housing, a bypass effect happens, wherein, the housing tends to become a parallel resistance that tends to lower the apparent values. 
  • Self-Heating: The resistance thermometers are the passive resistance sensors; they need a measured current for producing beneficial signals. As this particular measuring-current tends to heat up the cell wire above the actual ambient temperature, errors are bound to occur if excess heat is not being dissipated. 
  • Time Constant: The time constant is actually the indicator of the sensitivity or responsiveness of the resistance thermometers to any temperature changes. The rate of these responses is dependent over the thermometer’s mass as well as the rate at which heat is being transferred from the outermost surface towards that of the sensing element. A faster time constant decreases the chances of errors in the system subject to quick changes in the temperature. 
  • Repeatability: The amount of agreement between 2 consecutive readings of any thermometer happens to be its repeatability. Loss of this repeatability may lead to temporary or permanent changes happening in the element’s resistance characteristics & they can eventually lead to exposing the thermometer to temperatures which are at some specified range endpoints or above them. 
  • Stability: Being stable is a long deviation of the readings of the thermometer. A normal specification limits such deviations to only 0.1 degree Celsius per year in nominal mode. Usual services that stay well within the temperature range tend to result in very less drift. Drift is actually the consequence of the element’s material; platinum happens to be the most stable one; encapsulating those materials that can contaminate the element; as well as the mechanical stress which is there on the element due to the expansion of coils or some other supporting structure. 
  • Shock & Vibration: Mechanical shock as well as vibration tend to alter the reading of any such thermometer or can also lead to total failure. In reality, stability as well as durability is somewhat unique. Designed for maximum stability, the lab thermometers contain unsupported elements that are too sensitive for use in industrial applications. The elements of most such industrial RTDs are supported completely by the bobbin or some other packaging material, so that they can withstand even the most extreme environments quite well. 
  • Packaging & Heat Transfer: Sheaths & other such structures neighboring resistance elements must be maximizing the transfer of heat from any detected environment, and must be minimizing the transfer of heat from any environment that can change the reading, & thus provide the elements with the required protection.

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Let’s Delve Deeper into the Concept of Mineral Insulated RTD

Metal Sheathed RTD

About Heatcon Sensors

 

Mineral Insulated RTD

Mineral-insulated (M.I.) resistance thermometers are usually equipped with platinum measuring resistors (i.e. Pt100 Ω) according to DIN IEC 751. The inner conductors (Cu) have been embedded in densely packed inert mineral powder (i.e. MgO) which measures that the resistor has been connected to the internal conductors; and it is also surrounded & embedded in a metal shell, thus forming an assembly that is hermetically-sealed. Constantan & nickel inner conductor(s) are also sometimes utilized. Cover is a useful protection in most of the circumstances. These are used in places where a quick response, lesser space and/or vibration resistance is required. These could be equipped with a fixed cable or a special connector that allows quick installation or replacement. Such Mineral Insulated RTD temperature sensors usually have flexible, thin-walled mineral-insulated stainless steel cables with low-resistance copper wires that have been braided in compressed heat-resistant magnesium oxide. The temp-probe is well-connected to internal wiring and placed in a stainless steel case. Thermowell & mineral-insulated cable have been welded together. Proper heat transfer between the housing & the temp-probe enables a short response time & high measurement accuracy. Anti-vibration (vibration-resistant) design ensures long service life. Temperature measurement of hard-to-reach measuring points is possible; thanks to a flexible cable with mineral insulation. The smallest bending radius is five times the outside diameter.

Metal Sheathed RTD

  • Consists of thin-walled & flexible stainless steel mineral-insulated cable. 
  • The cable consists of low-resistance inner wires, which are made from compressed refractory magnesium oxide. 
  • Temperature sensor being well-connected to internal wires & installed in the protective tube. 
  • The protective tube & sheath cable have been hermetically connected. 
  • Proper heat transfer in the protective tube & the temperature sensor enables quick response time & high measurement accuracy. 
  • Flexible sensor tubes enable measuring of temperature in hard-to-reach places. 
  • These are being utilized in heavy measuring applications with high vibration and in all measuring positions where flexibility & exchange ease have been required. 
  • Applications can be seen in power plants, chemical plants, engines, and mechanical engineering & construction facilities along with some usual industrial applications.

About Heatcon Sensors 

With more than thirty years of experience in manufacturing temperature sensors & heaters, Heatcon provides high-quality, precision and an unsurpassed commitment to customer support. Ours is a world-renowned firm with vast experience of our employees, who are provided with continuous training in all areas of the businesses so that they can continue providing excellent service as well as product support to all our esteemed clients.

 

 

Gaining Knowledge about RTD Wire Configuration

Two Wire RTD

Three Wire RTD

Four Wire RTD

Heatcon Sensors

 

RTD Wire Configuration

RTD is available in 3 different types of wire configurations. The choice of such lead wire configuration is entirely dependent on the expected accuracy as well as on the instrumentation that is being utilized for measurement purpose.

Two Wire RTD

Of the 2 wires, the RTD has the simplest circuit configuration. 1 of the wires is attached to each of the sides of the element. The measurement can be made with any device that has been equipped for measuring resistance, which includes the basic VOMs (i.e. the volt-ohmmeters). This is the least accurate method of measuring temperature because the resistance of the lead wire is in serial conjugation with the sensing element. The lead wire is at a temperature different from the sensing element, and is also having varied resistance & temperature characteristics. More the length of the wire, the bigger is its effect over the measurement.

Three Wire RTD

Three-wire RTDs happen to be the most popular configurations for use in industrial applications. Three wires can be used to minimize the effect of wire resistance. Making use of this way, the 2 wires leading to the sensor are on adjacent branches. Each leg of the bridge has a lead resistor, so the impedance cancels as long as the two lead resistors are exactly the same. This type of configuration allows up to 600 meters of cable. When utilized in the correct fashion, the three-wire configuration removes any series resistance, which allows accurate measurement of the sensor element. Two wires are connected to one side of the sensor element and one wire to the other side. The resistance of L1 & L3 must be very close as much as possible; which will cause the resistance of the wire to decrease. The color code for a three-wire RTD is 2 red and 1 white.

Four Wire RTD

Four-wire RTDs are the most accurate ways of RTD measurement. They are mostly used in labs & are rarely seen in any kind of industrial applications. The 4-wire resistance thermometer configuration augments the accuracy as well as the reliability of the measured resistance: the resistance error is zero due to the resistance of the lead wire. Four-wire RTD circuits eliminate the effects of mismatched resistors in the wires. Constant current passes through L1 & L4, L2 & L3 measure the voltage drop across the RTD elements. Four-wire RTDs are mostly color-coded as 2 red and 2 white wires. 

Heatcon Sensors 

There is a notable company dealing in all such kinds of products. Contact Heatcon Sensors for the best range of products. They can customize the products as well as per your needs and specific requirements of your industry type and the kind of industrial applications you are looking for. You can consult their team to know more about the range of products offered on their shelves. Call now to get the best advice in this regard and to procure the best range of products today!

 

 

Let’s Discuss the Different Types of RTDs

Other RTDs Types

Standards of RTD

RTD Construction

 

Types of RTDs

The Platinum-RTDs are generally offered in 2 different categories; 1st is the ‘Class A’ & the other is ‘Class B.’ 

  • Class A: This one is presumed to be high in accuracy, and also, this one has ±0.06 ohms ice-point-tolerance. 
  • Class B: This one is known to have standard accuracy, and also, this one has ±0.12 ohm ice-point-tolerance. This type B is used popularly in most of the industry verticals.

Other RTDs Types

  • PRT or the Platinum-Resistance-Temperature Sensor: These provide awesome accuracy over a vast range of temperature (ranging from -200°C to even up to 850°C). 
  • Other options for resistance value: The RTD elements are even provided with resistances of 200 Ω, 500 Ω and 1000 Ω at zero degrees Celsius. These RTD types are commonly called PT200, PT 500 & PT 1000 respectively. 
  • SPRT or the Standard-Platinum-RTD: ITS-90 (1990 International-Temperature-Scale that is utilized as a global practical scale for temperatures in the laboratories of national metrology such as NIST & NPL etc.) consists of several fixed reference points as well as various interpolation devices, which are made use of for determining the scale amongst the points.

Standards of RTD

Platinum RTDs have basically 2 standards

  1. European standard (this is also called the DIN/IEC standard) 
  2. American standard

RTD Construction

RTD elements almost permanently need insulated conductors. At a temperature below about 250 degree Celsius, the PVC, silicon rubber or the PTFE-insulator are majorly made use of. Fiberglass or ceramic is used over it. The measuring point, & largely most wires, needs a housing/sleeve protection, which is usually made from metal alloys, which are chemically inert to this process that is under monitoring. 

  • Platinum Thin Film: RTD’s thin film style is perhaps the most known model due to its rugged design & less price. For making a thin film element, a small ceramic chip is covered with a very thin (0.0001″) platinum film & then a resistive path is cut or chemically etched into the platinum film. After that, the element is covered with quite a thin glass layer for protecting it from harmful chemicals as well as gases. 
  • Internal Coil Wire Wound: This type is usually made of platinum wire. A very small platinum wire (0.02 mm) is twisted & after that slipped into a small 2-hole ceramic insulator. After that, big extension wires are welded to the platinum wire ends & cemented in. Some of the manufacturers fill the insulating holes with ceramic powder after the coils are installed. This prevents the coils from moving & shorting against one another. The one end, which is right opposite the extension wires, is also coated with ceramic cement. 
  • External Wound Element: An external wound element of RTD is formed by winding the sensor element wire around the central mandrill that is generally formed from ceramic. After that, this coil or winding is covered with glass/other material for insulating so as to protect & secure the winding. These wires are then welded to the extension cords & after that secured to the frame with ceramic epoxy/cement.

Heatcon Sensors

Heatcon happens to be the best name in this industry. You can count upon them for the best range of products!

 

 

Mineral Insulated Thermocouple Is One of the Types of Thermocouple Designs

Mineral Insulated Thermocouple

Advantages of M.I. Thermocouples

M.I. Thermocouples Tip Models

Non M.I. Thermocouple

 

Types of Thermocouple Designs 

2 main types of thermocouple designs are largely used M.I. thermocouple design i.e. mineral insulated thermocouple & the non M.I. thermocouple design. 

Mineral Insulated Thermocouple

This is a thermocouple design which is a magnesium-oxide insulated one, also known as the MgO thermocouple. Such types of thermocouples are mainly utilized in multiple processes & lab applications. Available in all types of thermocouple elements, in many diameter ranges and many types of materials, they are inherently durable and flexible, and their quite high temperature rating makes them a standard selection for many temperature measurement applications. Many looked-for features make them an ideal selection for general as well as special use. An MgO sensor is constructed by setting the element(s) in the sheath of suitable material as well as size, thus insulating those elements from themselves and the sheath with loosely-filled/breakable magnesium-oxide powder/insulators, and after that pulling down /drawing the filled sheath to the final diminished size. The result of the swaging procedure produces the element(s) with largely-impacted MgO insulation, & also gives raised dielectric strength insulation among the elements themselves as well as their sheath. An M.I. thermocouple consists of thermocouple wire, which is embedded in tightly-packed refractory oxide powder insulation, all of these enclosed in a seamlessly drawn metal sheath (that is mostly of stainless steel). 

Advantages of M.I. Thermocouples

  • Small size & great flexibility; this allows temperature measurement in places with poor accessibility 
  • Nice mechanical strength 
  • Protection of the wires of the thermos-element against any corrosion or oxidation or even contamination
  • Rapid thermal reaction

M.I. Thermocouples Tip Models 

M.I. Thermocouple’s junction tip could be of 3 main types. This tip can either be isolated type or grounded type or even of the reduced type. 

  • Insulated Tip: The insulated hot-end junction is best-suited for many applications, specifically when low EMF reception is mandatory. The high insulation resistance is increased by the maximum density of ultra-pure MgO powder insulation 
  • Grounded Tip: Bonded/grounded junction provides quite a speedier temperature reaction than the other insulated types. This is not advisable for multipoint instrumentation. 
  • Reduced Tip: The reduced tip junction is best-suited for applications wherein low mass & very speedy reaction time is needed and high mechanical strength is required. Such a tip can be supplied for thermocouples from 1.0 to 6.0 mm in diameter. 

Non M.I. Thermocouple

In such a thermocouple, the wires are either insulated ones with ceramic beads/after ceramic insulation, that is covered with metal jacket (mainly of stainless steel) & some type of termination (such as an extension, connector end, or plug). In such a sort of design, the leads or wires of the thermocouple are shielded from the measurement medium when protection is provided. The material of the sheath largely depends on the medium of measurement; mostly stainless steel is utilized. Depending on the corrosive environment, selection of the sheath is altered. This design doesn’t offer flexibility, and is not available in small sizes. This one does not have very good mechanical strength. In such types of thermocouples, the construction sheath could be ceramic or even metal depending on the fit. All types of open, earthed and unearthed junctions are created in the construction of both M.I. thermocouples & non-M.I. thermocouples, alike.

 

You can contact Heatcon Sensors for the best range of products.

 

 

Let Us Know the Thermocouple Types

Base Metal Thermocouple Types

Noble Metal Thermocouple Types

Refractory Metal Thermocouple Types

 

Thermocouple Types

Several combinations of different materials are used for producing acceptable thermocouples, out of which, each has its own specific application-spectrum. But, the value of interchangeability as well as mass production economics leads to standardization, and a number of specific types are now readily available and cover most of the temperature as well as environmental applications.

Base Metal Thermocouple Types

These consist of some of the most common, and cost-efficient metals including copper, iron & nickel. The type E, type J, type K, type N, and type T belong to this group and they happen to be the most common ones.

  • E Type– This has a positive chromel leg (which is ninety percent of nickel and ten percent of chromium) and a negative constantan leg (which is five percent of nickel and 55 percent of copper) 
  • Type J – This has an iron-positive-leg & a Konstantin-negative-leg. 
  • K Type – This has a chromel positive leg (which is ninety percent of nickel and ten percent of chromium) and an Alumel negative leg (which is 95 percent of nickel and five percent of aluminum, silicon & manganese). 
  • Type N – This has a positive leg of Nicrosil (i.e. 74.1 percent nickel – 14.4 percent chromium – 1.4 percent silicon.0.1 percent magnesium) and a negative leg of Nisil (which is 95.6 percent of nickel to 4.4 percent of silicon). 
  • T-type – This has a positive leg of copper and a negative leg of constantan.

Noble Metal Thermocouple Types

They are made from wire made from precious metals such as Platinum & Rhodium. These can be utilized for oxidizing or for inert applications, & should be utilized with a ceramic protective tube outside of the thermocouple element. Such types of sensors are generally delicate and shouldn’t be utilized for applications that reduce or contain metal vapors. 

  • R Type – This is made with a positive leg of platinum or 13 percent rhodium & pure platinum negative-leg. Type R has the temperature ranging from 0°C to 1450°C (32°F – 2642°F) 
  • S Type – This is made from a positive leg of platinum or ten percent rhodium & a pure negative-leg of platinum. Type S has the temperature ranging from is 0°C to 1450°C (32°F to 2642°F) 
  • B Type – This is made from a positive leg of platinum or 30 percent rhodium.

Refractory Metal Thermocouple Types

They are made of wire made from the exotic metals tungsten 17 and rhenium. Such metals are a bit on the expensive side, hard to make, and wires made from such metals are quite brittle. So, such types of thermocouples are designed for use in vacuum ovens at very high temperatures and should not be used above 300°C in the presence of oxygen. Several different alloy combinations have been used in the past, but there is currently only one commonly used. 

  • C Type – This has a tungsten positive leg or five percent rhenium positive leg & a tungsten 26 percent rhenium negative leg. The temperature ranges from 0°C to 2320°C (32°F  to 4208°F). 
  • G Type – They are known technically as this – WM26Re. They have a combination of alloy with a positive lead of tungsten (W) and a negative lead of tungsten + 26 percent rhenium (W-26% Re). The max operating temp. of this is 0°C to 2320°C. 
  • D-Type – This is even called W3ReM25Re technically. It has a combination of alloy with a positive lead of tungsten plus 3 percent rhenium (W-3% Re) and a negative lead of tungsten plus 25 percent rhenium (W56% Re). The max operating temperature range is 0°C to 2320°C.

Heatcon Sensors

Are you looking for a reliable and trustworthy heat sensor company? If so, consider Heatcon Sensors, the leading provider of high quality heat sensors and temperature controllers. The company has been in business for many years and has a reputation for providing quality products and excellent customer service. We offer a wide range of heat sensors and temperature controllers to meet your needs. Whether you need a simple heat sensor for your home or a more complex temperature controller for your industrial application, we have the products you need. Our products are backed by a team of experienced engineers, who are available to answer your questions and provide support. If you are looking for a quality heat sensor or temperature controller, consider Heatcon Sensors.

 

 

How Does a Thermocouple Work?

Seebeck Effect

Cold Junction Compensation

Measuring Junctions

Hot Junction Formation Method

 

Thermocouples happen to be the pairs of different metallic wires, which are connected at 1 of the ends, and that produce a net thermoelectric-voltage in the open pair as per the difference in the temperatures between those ends. The junction that has been brought into this very procedure, wherein the temperatures are measured, is known as the ‘HOT Junction. The second junction that is present at the end-point of the thermocouple’s material and that is always present near some gauges is known as the ‘COLD Junction.’

Seebeck Effect

In the year 1821, a physicist from Germany, whose name was Seebeck, discovered this thermoelectric effect, which happens to be the basis of today’s thermocouple technology. Seebeck had discovered that electric current flows into the closed circuits between 2 different metals when their 2 junctions happen to be at varying temperatures. The resulting thermoelectric-voltage that is generated will be depending upon the metals, which are being used, & the temperature relationship in these junctions. If both the 2 junctions have similar temperatures, then the voltage thus generated across each junction cancels each other out and there would be no movement of the current in the circuit. At different temperatures, different voltages develop at each junction & current will flow in this circuit. Therefore, the thermocouple can measure only the difference in temperatures between 2 junctions.

Cold Junction Compensation

A practical industrial/laboratory thermocouple has only one (measurement) junction; and the reference here is, at all times, the final temperature. The possible gauges or measures are as follows:- 

  • Accurately measures final temperature and compensates as per it while calculating the measured values. 
  • Locates the terminals in the thermally-controlled case. 
  • Don’t terminate in copper cable, instead use the compensating/actual thermocouple wire for extending the sensor termination to the connected instrumentation

Measuring Junctions

In general, 3 alternative tip-configurations are mostly offered, as mentioned underneath: 

  • Exposed (Measurement) Junction. This is advised for the temperature measurement of flow or static non-corrosive gas where the highest sensitivity & fastest response is needed. 
  • Insulated Junction: These are best suited for corrosive substances, though the thermal reaction is sluggish. In some of these applications where multiple thermocouples have been connected to relevant instrumentation, insulation might be needed in the measurement of circuits for preventing any false signals. If this has not been specified, then it is the default one. 
  • Earthed Junction: These are also suitable for corrosive & high-pressure applications. These provide a quicker response than insulated ones & also offer protection that exposed ones do not.

Hot Junction Formation Method

A proper hot junction method must be used to achieve good electrical contact in the wires of a thermocouple. For Chromal/Alumal as well as some other such combinations in high-temp applications, welding is the one & only way of obtaining a proper joint.

  • Tig welding: GTAW or Gas-tungsten-arc-welding, also called TIG or tungsten-inert-gas welding, is the sort of arc-welding, which makes use of a non-consumable tungsten electrode for producing the weld. The welding area tends to be safeguarded from atmospheric contamination by a shielding gas. 
  • Laser Beam Welding: LBW or Laser-Beam-Welding is a technique of welding, which is mainly made use of for joining more than one metal with a laser. This beam gives a concentrated heat source, which allows narrow & deep welds, and high-welding-rates. Laser-Beam-Welding happens to be a versatile way that can weld stainless steels, carbon steels, HSLA steels, aluminum & titanium. The welding speed is in the right ratio to the amount of input power, but it is also dependent upon the type & thickness of the processed pieces.

About Heatcon Sensors 

If you’re looking for a reliable and accurate heat sensor, look no further than Heatcon. We offer a wide range of heat sensors that are perfect for a variety of applications. Whether you need a sensor for research or industrial use, we have a sensor that will meet your needs.

 

 

All about Temperature Measurement

Contact Method 

Non-Contact Method

Temperature measurement is very crucial in a wide range of industrial applications, so continuous temperature measurement is highly significant. Temperature can be measured with various sorts of sensors; which all work according to a similar principle of temperature output as per the changes whatsoever caused by their physical properties. According to the type of application, this can be divided into the following parts. 

Contact Method 

This particular method is used when the body and the sensor remain in contact with each other. 3 different thermometers are used in the contact method, as follows:

  1. Expansion thermometers: They use bimetallic devices that have 2 different materials. So, these devices have strips of 2 metals, bonded together. When heated, one side expands more than the other, so the resulting expansion is converted into a temperature reading by a mechanical connection to a pointer. The advantage is that they are portable and do not require a power source. And the disadvantage of these types of instruments is that they are not as accurate as other devices and cannot be used for direct control or recording. 
  2. Filling system thermometers: They are filled with any substitute. They generally fall into 2 main categories: mercury type and organic liquid. Because mercury is considered an environmental hazard, regulations apply to the transportation of equipment containing mercury. Today, there are filled system thermometers that use gas instead of liquids. The advantage of such devices is that they do not require electricity, do not present an explosion hazard, and are stable even after repeated cycling. And the disadvantage of these types of devices is that they do not produce data that can be easily stored or transmitted, and they do not make point or point measurements. 
  3. Electric thermometers: As its name proposes, this type of instrument detects temperature through electrical quantities (like the voltage, & resistance, etc.). So, we can say that this won’t be controlling indicator thermometers, for instance, mercury in glassware. In most industrial & laboratory processes, the measuring point is usually far from the indicator or control device. This may be due to necessity (like in an adverse environment) or convenience (as in centralized data collection). Devices that convert temperature into another signal, usually electrical quantities, are necessary. The most common devices in this type of thermometer are as follows:
  • Thermocouples : They consist primarily of a thermocouple & a suitable two-wire extension lead, working based on a junction in the process, creating a small voltage that increases with temperature. It is done on a relatively stable & repeatable basis. 
  • Resistance thermometers : This makes use of a precision resistor whose resistance value (ohms) increases with temperature. The RTD had a positive temperature coefficient. Such sort of variation(s) is quite stable & indeed repeatable. 
  • Thermistors (the similarity is that they all require) : This is a semiconductor used as a temperature sensor. It is made from a mixture of metal oxides pressed into a bead, disc, or other shapes. The pearl is heated under pressure at a high temperature and then encapsulated in epoxy or glass. Beads can be very small, in some cases less than 1 mm. 

Non-Contact Method 

This method is used if the body and the sensor are not allowed to contact each other. The most common non-contact thermometers are the easy-to-be-operated infrared sensor & pyrometer, which is now the most common non-contact temperature measuring instrument in industrial applications! 

Heatcon Sensors

If you’re looking for accurate temperature measurement, you can’t go wrong with Heatcon Sensors. These sensors use the latest in heat-sensing technology to provide reliable readings. Whether you’re measuring the temperature of a room, an object, or even the air, Heatcon sensors are up to the task.

Importance of Thermocouple Metals In Determining Their Accuracy, Temperature Sensitivity, & Stability!

Considerations for Choosing The Right Type of Thermocouple For Your Industry!

Noble Metal Thermocouples & Their Types!

Most Commonly Used Base Metal Thermocouples!

Heatcon Sensors – The Manufacturer of All Types of High-Quality Thermocouples For Every Industry!

Thermocouples are one of the most important tools that determines the accuracy of temperature measurement. The thermocouple metals used to create the sensing junction have a major impact on the accuracy, temperature sensitivity, and stability of the temperature sensing device. In this blog post, we’ll take a look at the importance of thermocouple metals in determining the accuracy of temperature measurement.

Considerations for Choosing The Right Type of Thermocouple For Your Industry!

Thermocouples are made up of two dissimilar metals which typically meet at a particular junction. This meeting point or the junction between the two metals creates a voltage that is proportional to the temperature difference between the two junctions. The most common thermocouple metals are copper and nickel that are widely used in various industries. Copper has a high thermal conductivity and a low melting point, making it ideal for use in thermocouples. Nickel has a lower thermal conductivity than copper, but a higher melting point. This property of nickel makes it ideal for use in high temperature applications.

  • The accuracy of a thermocouple is determined by the material of the two metals used. Different metals have different coefficients of expansion. This means that they will expand at different rates when exposed to heat. The amount of expansion is directly proportional to the temperature change. The most accurate thermocouples are made with pure metals, such as copper and nickel. Thermocouples made with impure metals, such as stainless steel, are less accurate.
  • The temperature sensitivity of a thermocouple is determined by the material of the two metals used. The most sensitive thermocouples are made with metals that have a high thermal conductivity, such as copper. Thermocouples made with metals that have a low thermal conductivity, such as nickel, are less sensitive.
  • Thermocouples made with different metals can be more stable and less sensitive to temperature changes. For example, thermocouples made with constantan and chromel are often used in high-temperature applications. These metals have a lower thermal conductivity, which means they are less accurate at measuring temperature changes. However, they are much more stable and less sensitive to changes in the surrounding environment.
  • The stability of a thermocouple is determined by the material of the two metals used. The most stable thermocouples are made with metals that have a high melting point.

Noble Metal Thermocouples & Their Types!

Industries working at extreme temperatures prefer using noble metal thermocouples because of their stability at higher temperatures and extreme environments, even though these are least sensitive. There are three main types of thermocouples: type B, type R, and type S.

  • Type B thermocouples are made of boron and iron. They have a low thermal conductivity, which makes them ideal for use in high-temperature applications. They are also very resistant to oxidation and corrosion.
  • Type R thermocouples are made of platinum and rhodium. They have a higher accuracy than type B thermocouples and are often used in precision temperature measurement applications.
  • Type S thermocouples are made of silicon and silicon-germanium. They have the highest accuracy of all the thermocouple types and are often used in critical temperature measurement applications.

Most Commonly Used Base Metal Thermocouples!

Thermocouples are also classified according to the base metals used in their construction. These base metal thermocouples are most widely used in industries because of their high sensitivity to temperature changes. The most common types are Type E, Type J, Type K, and Type T.

  • Type E thermocouples are made with chromel and constantan. They are the most accurate type of thermocouple and are used in many industrial applications.
  • Type J thermocouples are made with iron and constantan. They are less accurate than Type E thermocouples but are still widely used.
  • Type K thermocouples are made with chromel and alumel. They are less accurate than Type E thermocouples but have a wider temperature range.
  • Type T thermocouples are made with copper and constantan. They are less accurate than Type E thermocouples but have a very wide temperature range.

Heatcon Sensors – The Manufacturer of All Types of High-Quality Thermocouples For Every Industry!

Thermocouples made with different metals can be used for different purposes. It is important to choose the right type of thermocouple for your application. If you are unsure which type will work best for your process, you can contact the experts at Heatcon Sensors who can certainly help you make the best selection based on your process requirements.

What Is An RTD Thermowell, Its Characteristics, Types, & Selection Criteria?

Uses of Thermowell in Different Environments and Their Types!

How To Select The Most Suitable Thermowell For Your Application Based On Different Selection Criteria?

Call The Experts @Heatcon Sensors To Get Support With Your Selection for The Most Suitable Type of Temperature Sensor for Your Application!

A thermowell is a device that is used to protect a temperature sensor from the environment. It is typically made of stainless steel or other corrosion-resistant material, and it has a flared end to allow for easy insertion of the sensor. The thermowell also has a small borehole that allows the sensor to be mounted flush with the bottom of the well. This ensures that the sensor is in direct contact with the medium being measured. Thermowells are often used in high-temperature or high-pressure applications, or in applications where the sensor must be replaced frequently.

Uses of Thermowell in Different Environments and Their Types!

Thermowells are used in a variety of applications, including in process and boiler vessels, to measure the temperature of liquids and gasses. They are also used in pipelines, tanks, and other vessels where it is not practical to install a sensor directly into the process. Thermowells are available in a variety of shapes and sizes, and they can be customized to meet the specific needs of the application. These are of three main types based on the design of its stem as follows:

  • Straight Thermowell: These are the simplest and most economical type. They’re best suited for applications where the process conditions are relatively benign. However, this design is not well suited for high-velocity applications or applications with a large temperature differential between the well and the process.
  • Stepped Thermowell: These are more robust than straight thermowells and can withstand greater process pressures and temperatures. They’re often used in high-pressure or high-temperature applications. It is designed to minimize the effects of high velocity and large temperature differentials.
  • Tapered Thermowell: The most common type of thermowell is the tapered type, which is designed for use with RTD temperature sensors. The taper of the well allows for the sensor to be inserted into the well and then held in place by friction. It is designed for applications with very high velocities or very large temperature differentials.

 

How To Select The Most Suitable Thermowell For Your Application Based On Different Selection Criteria?

There are a few key factors to consider when selecting the most suitable thermowell for your RTD temperature sensor requirement as follows:

  • Material Selection: The most common materials used for thermowells are stainless steel, brass, and bronze. Stainless steel is the most popular choice because it is the most corrosion resistant. Brass and bronze are less popular because they are not as resistant to corrosion.
  • Bore Size & Length: The length and diameter of the thermowell should be based on the application. For example, if the sensor is inserted into a pipe, then the thermowell should be the same size as the pipe. The diameter of the thermowell should also be considered. A larger diameter thermowell will be more resistant to vibration and will have a longer life.
  • Connection Type: The type of process connection is also important. The most common type of connection is a screw-type. This type of connection is easy to use and is common in small diameter thermowells. A weld-type connection is more difficult to use but is stronger and can be used in larger diameter thermowells.

Call The Experts @Heatcon Sensors To Get Support With Your Selection for The Most Suitable Type of Temperature Sensor for Your Application!

If you are unable to make a selection of the most suitable temperature sensor and thermowell combination, don’t hesitate to consult the experts at Heatcon Sensors, a leading manufacturer of all types of high-quality temperature sensing devices, who can even actually be able to customize one for you after learning your specific application needs.

A Detailed Synopsis on Temperature and Temperature Scales

Heat Balance

The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 

Temperature Scale 

Temperature Scales

Any substance’ temperature is basically the degree of its heat or coldness of that particular substance. Hot matter is said to have high temperature, while cold matter has low temperature. So, any substance’ temperature is actually the indication of the average kinetic energy of the molecules of that particular matter. It is a well-known fact that hotness always flows from a body having a higher temperature to some other body which is at a lower temperature than that one. So, this can also be explained in a way that body temperature is basically the property, which is controlling the heat flow. This can be easily shown as this. When any 2 objects having the same type of material are put together, the higher temperature one cools, while the cooler object heats up, until a point is reached at which no further change occurs. 

Heat Balance 

Thermal energy flows from an object with a higher temperature to another at a much lower temperature. In other words, heat flows from a warmer body to a colder one. Heat energy continues to flow from the hotter to the cooler body until the temperatures of both of those bodies come at the same degrees. At that point those 2 bodies are said to reach thermal equilibrium. When 2 bodies reach the same temperature, they are called to be in thermal equilibrium with one other, because only then, heat is not transferred from one body to the other one. The temperature therefore reached is known as the equilibrium temperature. So, we can now say that temperature is actually a quantity that is the same for both systems when they reach the state of thermal equilibrium. 

The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics 

This Law defines about the 2 systems stating that if they are individually in the state of a thermal equilibrium with the third ones, they should also be in the similar state with one other, and they’ll have the similar temperature, irrespective of which system they actually are.” This law can be reformulated as: If there are 3 or more systems that together are in thermal contact and also in a state of thermal equilibrium, then any 2 systems that are taken together come in equilibrium with one other. 

Temperature Scale 

One of the first attempts to create a standard temperature scale happened in the past when Galen proposed in his medical writings a “neutral” standard temperature consisting of equal amounts of boiling water and ice; on both sides of this temperature there were 4 degrees of heat & 4 degrees of cold, respectively. The oldest temperature gauge or device was called a thermoscope.

All You Need to Know about Thermocouples

Thermocouples

Thermocouple Working Principle

Thermocouple Construction

How Thermocouples Work?

What Is A Probe Thermocouple & Its Applications?

Thermocouple Thermometers!

Various Thermocouple Types Used In Different Industrial Settings!

Advantages of Thermocouples

Disadvantages of Thermocouples

What Are Thermocouples Used for?

How Are Thermocouples Different From RTDs?

Lifespan of Thermocouples

How to Discover If You Have a Bad Thermocouple 

Contact Heatcon Sensors for Best-Quality Thermocouples!

In 1821, a physicist named “Thomas Seebeck” discovered that when 2 dissimilar metal wires are connected at both ends of a single junction in a circuit with a temperature applied to that particular junction, a current called an electromagnetic field (or EMF) would flow through the circuit. The energy thus produced by the circuit is called the Seebeck effect. Using the influence of Thomas Seebeck as a mentor, two Italian physicists, Leopoldo Nobili and Macedonio Mellon, collaborated in 1826 to design a thermoelectric battery called a thermal multiplier. It was based on Seebeck’s discovery of thermoelectricity by connecting a galvanometer, and a hot stack to calculate radiation. Because of his efforts, some people have identified Nobili as the discoverer of thermocouples. 

Thermocouples

Thermocouples can be defined as the types of temperature sensors used for measuring the temperature at some specific point in the form of EMF or electric current. These sensors consist of 2 different metal wires connected together at a junction. At this junction, the temperature can be measured and the change in temperature of the metal wire stimulates the voltages. The amount of EMF generated in the device is very small (millivolts), so very sensitive equipment must be used to calculate the e.m.f generated in the circuit. The most common devices used to calculate e.m.f are the voltage equalization potentiometer and the standard galvanometer. Out of these two, a physically/mechanically balanced potentiometer is often used.

Thermocouple Working Principle

The thermocouple principle mainly depends on three effects namely Seebeck, Peltier and Thompson. 

  • Seebeck Effect: This type of effect occurs between 2 dissimilar metals. When heat is applied to a metal wire, the flow of electrons moves from the hot metal wire to the cold metal wire. Therefore, the DC current stimulates the circuit. 
  • Peltier Effect: This Peltier effect is the opposite of the Seebeck effect. This effect means that a temperature difference can be created between two different wires by applying a potential change between them. 
  • Thompson-Effect: This effect states that when two dissimilar metals are attached to each other and form two junctions, a voltage is induced along the length of the conductor due to a temperature gradient. It is a physical word that indicates the rate and direction of temperature change at a precise location.

Thermocouple Construction

The device structure consists of two different metal wires joined at the connecting end. The intersection is thought of as a measuring head. The connection end or junction is divided into three types, namely grounded, ungrounded, and open or exposed. 

  • Ungrounded-junction: In this type of connection interface, the conductors are completely separated from the protective sheath. This junction is mainly used for high pressure applications. The main advantage of using this feature is to reduce the effect of the stray magnetic field. 
  • Grounded-junction: In this type of connection, the metal wires and the protective cover are connected together. This function is used for temperature measurement in acidic and noise-proof environments. 
  • Exposed-junction: This is suitable for areas where a quick response is required. This type of connection is used to measure gaseous temperature. The metal used to make the temperature sensor basically depends on the operating temperature range.

A thermocouple is usually constructed with two different metal conductors, namely iron and constantan, which identify the element by connecting it to a single junction called the hot junction. It consists of two junctions, one connected to a voltmeter or transmitter which is the cold junction, and the other junction is connected in a process called hot junction.

How Thermocouples Work? 

A thermocouple diagram is shown in the figure below. This circuit can be constructed from two different metals and they are connected together to form two junctions. The two metals surround the joint by welding. In the diagram above, the connections are labeled P and Q and the temperatures T1 and T2. When the temperature of the junction differs, an electromagnetic force is created in the circuit. When the mild temperature at the end of the junction becomes equivalent, as well as a reverse electromagnetic force is produced in the circuit and does not flow through it, the temperature at the end of the junction becomes unbalanced, causing a possible fluctuation in that circuit. The magnitude of the electromagnetic force induced in the circuit depends on the materials used in the manufacturing of the thermocouples. Meters count the total current in a circuit. The electromagnetic force induced in the circuit is calculated using the equation: E = a (∆Ө) b (∆Ө)2 (Where ∆Ө is the temperature difference between the hot thermocouple junction end and the cold thermocouple junction end. reference thermocouple, a and b are constants).

What Is A Probe Thermocouple & Its Applications?

Thermocouple probes are important in many different applications. They are typically used to measure temperatures in difficult or hard-to-reach places. For example, they may be used to measure the temperature of a molten metal, or the temperature inside a furnace. 

A thermocouple probe consists of two wires of different metals that are joined at one end. The probe consists of a metal tip that is placed in contact with the object to be measured. The tip is connected to the rest of the thermocouple by two wires. The other end of the wires is connected to a measuring device.

When the probe thermocouple is placed in a location where the temperature is different from the surrounding environment, a thermocouple voltage is generated. This thermocouple voltage can be measured and used to calculate the temperature. 

Thermocouple probes are often used in industrial applications, but they can also be used in scientific research or in medicine. For example, they may be used to measure the temperature of a patient’s skin or to monitor the temperature inside a laboratory. Thermocouple probes are also important in a variety of applications where accurate temperature measurement is critical. 

Thermocouple Thermometers!

They are very useful in medical devices such as thermometers and blood pressure monitors. They are also used in industrial settings to monitor process temperature, as well as in environmental applications such as weather stations.

Various Thermocouple Types Used In Different Industrial Settings!

Before discussing the types of thermocouples, it should be noted that the thermocouples must be protected in a protective case to isolate it from atmospheric temperatures. This coating significantly reduces the corrosion effect of the device.  There are several types of thermocouples. Let’s look at them in detail. 

  • Type K Thermocouple– Also called a nickel-chromium/nickel-alumel thermocouple. This is the most commonly used type. Its features include better reliability, accuracy and affordability, and it can operate in a wider temperature range.
  • Type J Thermocouple – This is an Iron/Constantan mix. It is also the most commonly used type of thermocouple. Its features include better reliability, accuracy and affordability. This device can only be used at lower temperatures and its service life is short when used at higher temperatures.
  • Type T Thermocouple – This is a copper/Constantan mix. The T-type thermocouple has better stability and is generally used in lower temperature applications such as ultra-low temperature freezer and cryogenic parts.
  • Type E Thermocouple – This is a nickel-chromium/constantan mix. It has better signal capability and better accuracy compared to type J and Type K thermocouples when used at ≤ 1000 0 F.
  • Type N Thermocouple – This is considered either as a Nicrosil thermocouple or a Nisil thermocouple. The temperature as well as the accuracy levels is almost similar to that of type K thermocouple, but this one is more costly than that one.
  • Type S Thermocouple – Considered as either platinum/rhodium or 10%/platinum thermocouple. The S-type thermocouple is widely used in high temperature applications such as biotechnology and pharmacy. Due to its higher accuracy and stability, it is used even in lower temperatures.
  • Type R Thermocouple – Considered as either platinum/rhodium or 13%/platinum thermocouple. Type S thermocouples are for high temperature applications. It contains more rhodium than Type S, making the device more expensive. The features and performance of the R and S are almost identical. Due to its higher accuracy and stability, it is used even in lower temperatures.
  • Type B Thermocouple – Considered as either a 30% platinum rhodium or a 60% platinum rhodium thermocouple. It is widely used at higher temperatures. Of all the above types, type B has the highest temperature limit. At higher temperature levels, the B-type thermocouple maintains better stability and accuracy.

Advantages of Thermocouples

Thermocouples have the following advantages. 

  • It has very high accuracy 
  • It is durable and can be used for example in severe and high vibration conditions. 
  • Thermal response is fast 
  • Operating temperature range is wide. 
  • Costs are low and they are very consistent 

Disadvantages of Thermocouples

Disadvantages of thermocouples are as follows. 

  • Low Voltage 
  • Nonlinearity 
  • Least Stability 
  • Least Sensitivity 
  • Harder Thermocouple Recalibration 

What Are Thermocouples Used for?

Some applications of thermocouples include: 

  • As temperature sensors in thermostats (offices, homes, businesses). 
  • Industry to control metal temperatures in iron, aluminum & other metals. 
  • Cryogenic & low temperature applications in food industries
  • Used as heat pumps for thermoelectric cooling. 
  • Temperature testing in chemical plants and petroleum plants. 
  • For detecting the ignition switch in gas engines.

How Are Thermocouples Different From RTDs?

There are some key differences between thermocouples and RTDs that you should be aware of as follows:  

  • Thermocouples are made of two different metals, while RTDs are made of a single metal.
  • Thermocouples generate a voltage when there is a difference in temperature between the two metal wires, while RTDs measure resistance to determine the temperature.
  • Thermocouples are less accurate than RTDs, but they are faster and more responsive.
  • Thermocouples can be used in a wider range of temperatures than RTDs.
  • Thermocouples are less expensive than RTDs.

Lifespan of Thermocouples

The life of the thermocouple depends on its use. Therefore, the service life of a thermocouple cannot be accurately predicted. If the device is properly maintained, it will have a long service life. After continuous use, they can be damaged due to the aging effect after which they need to be replaced in order to ensure continuity and safety of the process. 

How to Discover If You Have a Bad Thermocouple 

To know if the thermocouple is working perfectly, the device must be tested. Before replacing the device, it is necessary to check whether it really works or not. A multimeter and a basic knowledge of electronics is enough for this. There are mainly three approaches to testing a thermocouple with a multimeter and they are explained as follows: 

  • Resistance Test: To perform this test, the device must be placed in line with the gas device and the necessary equipment is a digital multimeter and alligator clips.
    • Procedure – Connect alligator clips to multimeter parts. Attach clips to both ends of the thermocouple where one end is folded into the gas valve. Now turn on the multimeter and note the reading options. If the multimeter reads ohms in the low order, the thermocouple is fully functional. Or if the reading is 0 ohms or more, it’s not in good shape. 
  • Open Circuit Test: Alligator clips, switch and digital multimeter are used here. Here voltage is calculated instead of resistance measurement. Now the lighter heats the other end of the thermocouple. If the multimeter shows a voltage in the range of 25-30 mV, it is working correctly. Or else, if the voltage is close to 20mV, the device must be replaced. 
  • Closed Loop Test: It uses alligator clips, a thermocouple adapter, and a digital multimeter. Here the adapter is placed inside the gas valve and then the thermocouple is placed on the other end of the adapter. Now turn on the multimeter. If the reading is between 12-15 mV, the device is good. Or if the voltage drops below 12mV, it means a broken device. 

The above test methods can therefore be used to determine whether a thermocouple is working properly or not.

Contact Heatcon Sensors for Best-Quality Thermocouples!

Heatcon Sensors is a leading manufacturer and global supplier of all types of high-quality temperature sensing devices and thermocouples. If you have an industrial process with specific temperature measurement requirements in even most difficult conditions, not only you can get the most suitable and reliable thermocouple for you, but their engineers can even design a custom-made thermocouple that will work best with your process with greater stability and accuracy at lost operational costs.

What Are RTD Temperature Sensor Elements, Their Types, & Their Benefits?

Types of RTD Temperature Sensors & Their Main Advantages?

An RTD temperature sensor is a type of resistance based temperature sensor that uses a resistive element to accurately and precisely measure temperature in extremely high & low temperature applications. The resistive element, usually made of metal such as platinum, changes resistance in response to changes in temperature. This change in resistance is used to determine the temperature of the object or substance being measured. RTD temperature sensors are accurate and stable, making them ideal for use in critical industrial applications. RTD temperature sensors are also generally more rugged and durable than other types of temperature sensors. RTD temperature sensors are used in a wide variety of applications, including industrial and commercial process control, HVAC, and medical industry.

Types of RTD Temperature Sensors & Their Main Advantages?

There are two main types of RTD temperature sensor elements: thin-film and wirewound. Both have their own advantages based on your specific application requirements as below:  

  • Thin-film RTD sensor elements are made using the most advanced technology called photolithography by depositing a thin layer of conductive material onto a substrate. These elements are typically smaller and more accurate than wirewound elements, but they are also more fragile and expensive. The advantages of thin-film sensor elements include:
    • They are more accurate and small in size and quick response time.
    • They have lower thermal mass.
    • They are less susceptible to vibration and shocks.
    • They are more stable over time.
    • They are ideal for critical applications.
  • Wirewound RTD sensor elements are made by winding a thin wire around a substrate, typically glass or ceramic. These elements are typically less accurate than thin-film elements, but they are also more rugged and less expensive. The advantages of wirewound sensor elements include:
    • They are ideal to operate in a wider temperature range with great accuracy and precision.
    • They are known for their integrity and stability and are immune to the effects of vibration and shock, making them ideal for applications where these factors are present.
    • They offer excellent precision and accuracy, making them perfect for applications requiring precise temperature measurements.
    • They are highly repeatable, meaning you can rely on them to provide consistent results time after time.
    • They offer long-term stability, meaning they will maintain their accuracy and repeatability even after years of continuous use.
    • They are easy to install and use making them a great choice for applications where ease of use is a priority.

Contact Heatcon Sensors’ Expert Team To Decide Which Type Of RTD Temperature Sensor Element Is Most Appropriate for Your Industrial Process? 

Depending upon the application type, industry, and size, if accuracy is your top priority, then a thin-film RTD sensor element is the way to go. If ruggedness and affordability are more important to you, then a wire wound RTD sensor element is the better choice. If you still remain confused about your selection, don’t hesitate to consult with experts at Heatcon Sensors who are industry leaders in manufacturing all types of digital temperature sensors and temperature sensing devices which can also be customized as per your specific industry needs.

What Are Temperature Controllers & Their Different Types?

What Are Temperature Controllers?

What are Different Types of Temperature Controllers & How Each Type Works?

What Are Temperature Controllers?

Temperature controllers work by sensing the temperature of the space or system that they are controlling without much intervention from the operator. In a temperature control system, a controller accepts the input received by the sensor or a thermocouple and compares the measured temperature to the desired output temperature known as set point. This output will then be utilized by the element to control the temperature. This set point can be balanced utilizing either a cooling system or a heater as per the difference between the actual and the desired temperatures. If the temperature is too high, the controller will activate the cooling system. If the temperature is too low, the controller will allow the heating system to continue further heating. A controller makes only a part of the entire control system, and in order to install the entire temperature control unit for a process, the entire system configuration needs to be thoroughly analyzed and assessed for its temperature controlling capacity. 

What are Different Types of Temperature Controllers & How Each Type Works?

There are a variety of different types of temperature controllers available on the market. The type of controller that you choose will depend on your specific needs. Some of the most common types of temperature controllers include on-off controller, proportional temperature controller, and PID type controller as detailed below:-

#1 – On-Off Type Temperature Controller: This type of temperature controller is the most basic type of controller where the output can either be turned on or off. It has a defined set point such that when temperature has risen to that particular point, the heater will be automatically switched off. The heater remains on until the temperature of the system is recorded below the set point. For continuity of the heating process, the process controller goes through cycling between on and off since the temperature goes up and down the set point. It is most suitable for processes where precise temperature control is not required or where the mass of the material to be heated is so large that any temperature change happens pretty slowly and gradually. 

#2 – Proportional Temperature Controller: A proportional temperature controller is so designed to eliminate the process cycling that is associated with on-off temperature controllers. This type of controller controls the power being supplied to the heating element as the process temperature is about to reach its set point. This type of controller is extremely useful in processes where temperature needs to be kept stable. 

#3 – PID Temperature Controller: A PID temperature controller is a device that is used to regulate temperature by controlling the amount of heat that is generated. The controller uses a feedback loop to compare the actual temperature to the desired temperature, and then adjusts the heat output accordingly. PID temperature controllers can be used in a wide variety of applications, such as keeping the temperature of an oven or a furnace at a set point. They are often used in industrial settings where precise temperature control is critical. PID temperature controllers work by constantly monitoring the temperature and making adjustments to the heat output as needed. This ensures that the temperature remains at the desired level, even if the conditions around the controller change.

Heatcon – The Leading Manufacturer and Supplier of Top Quality Temperature Controllers for Industries!

For more information on temperature controllers and to figure out which type of temperature controller will work best for your industrial process, you can seek help from the top notch industry experts at Heatcon who can surely be able to help you select the best temperature controller for your industry type.

Learn More About Data Loggers & How They Are Important for Enterprises!

What Is A Data Logger?

What Is Data Acquisition?

Where Data Loggers Are Used?

Why Data Loggers Are Important For Enterprises?

You Can Rely on High-Quality Data Loggers Manufactured by Heatcon!

What Is A Data Logger?

A data logger is an electronic appliance which monitors and stores measurements of environmental parameters in real time. The measurements recorded by this appliance are useful in keeping a record of all changes happening in the environmental parameters such as temperature changes with respect to time. These measurements are then available for critical analysis, validation, and further processing as may be needed by the process. A sensor is used in a data logger to help receive the real-time information which is then stored in the chip of the data logger. One can easily transfer this information to a network computer. 

What Is Data Acquisition?

Data acquisition is the process of obtaining a sample of real-time waveforms and/or signals emitted by the object being monitored and then processing of this info received to obtain real-time information about the changes as desired. A data logger utilizes appropriate sensors to adequately convert measurement of the environmental parameter into an electrical impulse for further processing. 

Where Data Loggers Are Used?

A data logger can be used to monitor many parameters such as pulse or counts, humidity, CO2 levels, temperature, voltage, etc. Data loggers are extremely useful for closely monitoring many industrial processes where any temperature changes and other environmental parameters are critical such as industrial furnaces, warehouses, etc. Various industries need different types of data loggers to monitor and record data of critical environmental factors, as follows:-

  • Metallurgy and environmental research
  • Healthcare and research laboratories
  • Warehouses and logistics
  • Agriculture
  • Manufacturing industries

Why Data Loggers Are Important For Enterprises?

  • To ensure regulatory, statutory, and environmental compliance that needs to be necessarily maintained by various industries
  • To capture critical process data for process improvement and analysis
  • For research and innovation and product improvement studies
  • Careful monitoring of the industrial process in order to ensure safety of the process
  • Keeping a record of accurate and reliable data to make further enhancements and/or amendments in the process

You Can Rely on High-Quality Data Loggers Manufactured by Heatcon!

Heatcon Sensors has been a leading manufacturer of high-quality temperature sensors for over 3 decades. The main advantages of using the data loggers made by Heatcon include:-

  • The data loggers from Heatcon are compact, affordable, and easy to install.
  • A wide range of parameters can be recorded using Heatcon sensors
  • Dual channel Heatcon data loggers are also available to monitor two parameters simultaneously, i.e., humidity and temperature.
  • Suitable for a variety of applications offering different configurations and features
  • They have waterproof and rugged enclosures
  • Good storage capacity to store data safely and for longer periods
  • A Heatcon data logger can be custom-designed as per the need of the process as all the sensors, hardware, and even software are designed in-house making data loggers extremely accurate, reliable. 
  • The Data loggers from Heatcon are extremely popular for enabling enterprises maintain a stringent control on quality along with providing complete flexibility in the way they wish their data to be safely stored and monitored. 

 

If you wish to learn more, call the experts at Heatcon Sensors who will be happy to respond and address all your queries. 

What Are Pyrometers, How They Work, & Their Use In Various Industrial Applications?

What Are Pyrometers And How Infrared Pyrometers Work?

What Are Different Parts Of An Infrared Pyrometer?

What Are Different Types of Infrared Pyrometers Based on Different Spectral Ranges!

What Are The Advantages of Infrared Pyrometers?

What Are Pyrometers And How Infrared Pyrometers Work?

Pyrometers are devices that measure the temperature of an object from a distance without coming in direct contact with the object. For most industrial applications, the infrared pyrometers are widely used to measure temperatures of objects which are required to be heated to very high temperatures such as industrial furnaces. 

Infrared pyrometers work by measuring the infrared radiation emitted by the object as it increases with increase in temperature. So, by measuring the amount of infrared radiation emitted by an object, we can indirectly measure its temperature and monitor even minutest changes in temperature in real-time.

What Are Different Parts Of An Infrared Pyrometer?

Infrared pyrometers usually consist of two main parts: a sensor and a display. The sensor is usually a thermopile, which is a device that converts infrared radiation into electrical energy. The display shows the temperature reading. Thermopiles are very sensitive and can accurately measure even the smallest temperature changes. This makes them ideal for measuring the temperature of hot objects, such as in large industrial furnaces. Some infrared pyrometers also have a built-in temperature compensator. This is a device that automatically adjusts the reading to account for the temperature of the surrounding environment. This ensures that the reading is as accurate as possible.

What Are Different Types of Infrared Pyrometers Based on Different Spectral Ranges!

When it comes to measuring high temperatures, there are different types of pyrometers that can be used, depending on the spectral range. Infrared pyrometers are ideal for measuring temperatures from a distance, and they work by detecting the infrared radiation emitted by an object. Since we all know that metals and non-metals emit different wavelength radiations, different infrared pyrometers are required to measure different types of objects based on their spectral ranges. These infrared pyrometers are meant to be extremely accurate, non-contact type, precise, and quick to measure temperature of even fast-moving objects.

What Are The Advantages of Infrared Pyrometers?

Infrared pyrometers are commonly used in a variety of industries for temperature measurement. The most common advantages of using infrared pyrometers include:

  • They are non-contact instruments, so there is no need to physically touch the object being measured. This is especially beneficial in situations where the object is too hot to safely touch, or in clean room environments where contamination must be avoided.
  • They are very fast, reliable, and accurate and are able to take measurements in as little as one second.
  • They are very versatile and can be used to measure the temperature of both solid and liquid objects.
  • They are relatively affordable compared to other temperature measurement devices.
  • They are relatively easy to use, even by people with no previous experience.

Heatcon Sensors – A Leading Manufacturer of High-Quality Pyrometers for All Types of Industries!

Overall, infrared pyrometers are a very useful tool for measuring the temperature of hot objects. They are accurate and easy to use, making them a popular choice for many industrial applications. If you too are interested in getting one for your particular process or industry, you can talk to the experts at Heatcon who have the expertise and experience in manufacturing high-quality infrared pyrometers.

Comparison of the Categories of Industrial Ovens

Comparison of the Categories of Industrial Ovens

Comparison of Industrial Ovens and Industrial Furnaces

Industrial Ovens 

An industrial oven is a large, powered machine used to heat metal objects. Most ovens use either direct or indirect heating methods to produce the desired temperature in an object. The industrial oven is made up of multiple parts and it is classified according to its function. The industrial oven is able to create a high temperature and then keep the metal at that temperature for a long time. Additionally, the industrial oven is very reliable and it can be used in a wide variety of settings.

Comparison of the Categories of Industrial Ovens 

  • Industrial Batch Ovens: A batch oven operates at a temperature above 1250 degrees F or 676 degrees C. Batch ovens are walk-in types or cabinet-type ovens, ranging in size, which may vary from a few cubic-feet to several cubic-feet. They feature aluminized steel interiors, adjustable ductwork, painted exteriors, digital controllers, and a control panel. This type of oven is designed to process larger single batches at high temperatures and has a much larger capacity & size as compared to laboratory furnaces.
  • Conveyor Ovens: They are designed in a number of configurations, including flat belts, chains, Ferris wheels, carousels, overhead trolleys, serpentines, spindles, and rods. Unlike the batch oven, a conveyor oven requires no loading/unloading/heating & cooling, thus saving labor as well as energy costs. This type of oven is used for preheating, annealing, tempering, curing, heat-shrinking, drying, & heat-forming. This type of oven has lesser flexibility than the batch-type oven. They have a similar temperature as that in a batch oven. Such type of an oven can feed or index continuously through heat zones and is usually automated for big quantities of small and medium-sized products. 
  • Laboratory Ovens: This type of oven is designed for forced volumetric heat convection applications for providing uniform temperature. In this, the processes include annealing, drying, die-bond curing, sterilizing & Polyimide baking. Sizes can vary from as small as 1 cubic foot to as large as 32 cubic feet with temperatures above 350 degrees Celsius. This type of oven is designed to perform heat treatments like drying, heating, heat testing, and aging. Because these types of ovens are so versatile, they are usually seen in testing laboratories, universities & colleges, and for material testing at industrial sites. Unlike industrial ovens, the laboratory ones have latched doors, stainless-steel interior, pressure release panel, solid-state controller & contactor, and chemical-resistant exterior coating.

Comparison of Industrial Ovens and Industrial Furnaces

Often people get perplexed about the differences between an industrial oven and an industrial furnace, and these two terms are used interchangeably. Essentially, both devices talk of the methodology to generate extreme heat in a fireproof enclosure for the purpose of heat treatment. The main differences are described below.

  • Atmosphere: An industrial furnace and industrial oven both operate in an environment with air or inert gas. Unlike an industrial oven, the furnace can operate in a flammable atmosphere consisting of hydrogen or endothermic gasses and exothermic gasses.
  • Temperature: Industrial ovens are designed for aluminum aging as well as for aerospace curing; they operate at temperatures between 450 degrees F and 850 degrees F. On the other hand, Industrial furnaces operate at a temperature between 2000 degrees F and 2250 degrees F.
  • Applications: Air circulation, as well as temperature control, allows an industrial oven to perform the operations like cooking, curing, baking, and other such low-temp operations. On the other hand, high-temp industrial furnaces can perform more vigorous operations like annealing, tempering, & carburizing, etc.
  • Heat Distribution: The air inside industrial ovens gets heated in a chamber separate from the product and is also circulated. Air circulation must be very high for heating the product(s). 
  • Vertical Airflow: The heat in furnaces is in direct contact with the product being processed. Heat sources can be set in different configurations for the purpose of a uniform heating effect.

Wide-Ranging Uses of Muffle Furnaces

Muffle Furnace 

Uses of a Muffle Furnace

Heatcon Muffle Furnace

Steps of the Process

Qualities to Look Forward to

Muffle Furnace 

A muffle oven or a muffle furnace (sometimes also referred to as the retort furnace) is basically a furnace wherein the subject material gets isolated from the fuel as well as from all the products of combustion, to include gasses, flying ash, and cinders, which are drawn through the walls of the furnace where they can be collected for further use or disposal. It is usually used to process metals and ceramics; the high temperatures involved may be used for other materials as well, such as glass and carbon fibers. The word “muffle” is derived from the Latin mūla (“barrier”) and fūsus (“pot”), because a muffle is a type of pot that has been lined with refractory clay.

Uses of a Muffle Furnace

  • Muffle furnaces are widely used in industries such as metallurgy, aluminum production, steelmaking, and coal-fired power plants. In these industrial processes, muffle furnaces use intense heat and flames to produce metals or other materials faster than they can be produced by traditional methods. 
  • These days, muffle furnaces are used as the front-loading box-type ovens or kilns for high-temp applications to fuse glass, to create enamel coating, for ceramics, and for soldering & brazing articles, etc. 
  • Muffle furnaces are also being used in many of the research facilities. For instance, chemists use them for determining the proportions of some samples that are non-combustible & non-volatile (like ash). 
  • Some muffle furnaces’ models use the programmable digital controller(s), which allow automatic execution of ramping/soaking/sintering steps.
  • Advancements in materials for the purpose of heating elements, like molybdenum disilicide, are not capable of producing working temperatures even up to 1,800°C  (3,2720F). This facilitates better and highly sophisticated metallurgy and its application, in which the heat source can be either gaseous or oil-burning ones, but these days, they use electric sources more often.

Heatcon Muffle Furnace

Heatcon Sensors is a company that can manufacture Muffle Furnaces for the specific needs of customers. The company offers different types of muffles, including ones with high performance. Heatcon also makes muffles in various sizes and shapes to fit any application. Customers can choose from models that are affordable and easy to use, or they can opt for more expensive options that deliver top performance. These furnaces are used in a variety of industrial and commercial settings and have a variety of applications. Some of the benefits of choosing to purchase a Heatcon Sensors Muffle Furnace include the following:

  • Durability: Muffle Furnaces are made to last, ensuring that they will provide years of reliable service.
  • Ease of use: The equipment is very easy to use and will suit a wide range of needs.
  • Reliability: The furnaces are made to meet or exceed the standards ensuring that they will work well and be durable.
  • Customization: Muffle Furnaces can be customized to meet the specific needs of customers, meaning that they can choose the features and specifications that are the most important to them.

Steps of the Process

How Heatcon Sensors manufactures Muffle Furnaces varies depending on the type of furnace that is being manufactured. However, general processes involve the basic steps as follows:

  • Design: The design team will work with customers to create a specification that meets their needs.
  • Manufacturing: The furnace is designed and manufactured using state-of-the-art technology.
  • Marketing and Delivery: The furnace is delivered to the customer in a safe and timely manner.

Qualities to Look Forward to

When looking for a Muffle Furnace, it is important to consider the qualities that make Heatcon Sensors a great choice. Customers choose to buy from Heatcon Sensors for several reasons, as follows:

  • Value: It is important to Heatcon Sensors that customers are satisfied with the furnaces they purchase.
  • Quality: Heatcon Sensors is a company that focuses on quality, and its furnaces are no exception.
  • Close proximity to the customer: Heatcon furnaces are manufactured in close proximity to the customer, meaning that repairs are quick and easy.
  • Support: If customers have any questions or concerns, they can always contact Heatcon’s team for support.

Considerations while Purchasing a Humidity Chamber

How to Choose a Humidity Chamber?

The humidity chamber is an essential piece of testing equipment for manufacturers to determine the durability of their products when they are out in the market for public use. Humidity chambers are used by climatologists, plant biologists, and microbiologists, who work with maintaining or fabricating microbial or plant populations in a controlled and reproducible environment. With the help of a humidity chamber, manufacturers can engineer the products in such a way that their durability is maintained by helping the material used to survive under different environmental conditions. To choose the most suitable space for a humidity chamber, it is important to take into account factors such as the size of the space, the temperature and humidity control system, the water supply, and the time. Depending on the purpose of the humidity chamber, the design and layout of the space may also be important.

How to Choose a Humidity Chamber?

There certainly are a few things to take into account while choosing the right humidity chamber for your needs, as follows:

  • Space: Available space is surely a guiding factor while purchasing a humidity chamber. Manufacturers work closely with clients to ensure that the humidity chamber they choose perfectly fits into the space available to them.
  • Temperature: This is also an important consideration as it is important to form vapors and maintain humidity inside the chamber. Many chambers reach up to 200°C. 
  • Water Supply: Chamber design determines the water supply needed for creating humidity. Some type of drainage is also important. The Chamber placement location has to be designed for water supply & drainage.
  • Time: Different chambers have different ramp-up times & pull-down times. While purchasing any such unit, the manufacturers must consult with the researcher(s) and ask them the time frame needed to complete data collection.
  • RH: Most such chambers have this Relative Humidity factor between 20 – 98 percent. This particular consideration is determined by the process of testing and data required. More often than not, this is planned much before disclosing the same to the testing chamber manufacturer.
  • Controller: The type of controller needed accounts for a major factor while buying such a chamber. Features providing great outcomes are the controllers which have microprocessors that can either be LED, LCD, or even touch-LCD.
  • Type: More often than not, the decision for the type of testing chamber is made after checking its available footprint. Limited footprints suggest benchtop/vertical testing chambers. As the important parts of this particular consideration, chamber construction needs to see how the seams will be welded, the internal seals, how the door will open, and also the gaskets.

Humidity Chambers by Heatcon Sensors 

Based upon the above considerations, whichever heating chamber you choose, come to Heatcon Sensors to procure the same! It is a leading name in manufacturing various types of high-quality humidity chambers. For setting up and using a humidity chamber, it is also necessary for you to read the instructions that come with the chamber and to follow them carefully. In most cases, all you need to do is to plug in the chamber, set the desired humidity level, and turn on the humidity control system.

Role of Paperless Recorders in the Present Day Scenario

Paperless Recorders 

Why Are Paperless Recorders the Need-of-the-Hour?

Considerations for Ensuring the Best Selection of a Paperless Recorder for Your Business

Paperless Recorders by Heatcon Sensors

Paperless Recorders 

A lot of people are asking the question, “What exactly is a paperless recorder?” It is an electro mechanical device that captures all the changes happening in a closed system and records the variable values of data in the form of a chart. These charted values then can be stored, processed, and finally displayed using a digital display screen without having to print anything. For example, in a cold storage warehouse, a user can use a paperless recorder to collect real-time temperature changes and monitor and access any recorded fluctuations in temperature even remotely using a paperless recorder.  The industry wide use of such paperless recorders has increased manifold given its potential advantages of capturing and displaying real time data. 

Why Are Paperless Recorders the Need-of-the-Hour?

The need for paperless recorders is a global phenomenon, and it’s only getting more and more important as the time goes on.  Paperless recorders have been developing at a fast pace as a result of technological developments. The design of these recorders has also undergone significant changes as per the industry type and the process requirement. Manufacturers have created these digital recorders that combine technology and innovation at the same time. As the name suggests, these recorders eliminate the use of paper and are able to display real-time data digitally. Users can even configure the displays according to their requirements. Periodic rounds for close monitoring by the user are not at all needed any longer as the real-time data can be accessed easily from a centralized and remote location through a network connection. No pen, no paper, and no ribbon required, plus there is the flexibility of comfortably storing the data captured by the device, without worrying about its degradation. These benefits of a paperless recorder make it a true necessity in today’s time when people are so tied up in their busy schedules.

Considerations for Ensuring the Best Selection of a Paperless Recorder for Your Business

There must be many users who would be perplexed in choosing the ideal paperless recorder for their business. This can be because they are uncertain about their proper usage. They might not know which process in their industry can be easily automated using a paperless recorder and what can be the potential benefits of it. Here are some key points to consider in making sure you choose the best paperless recorder ideal for your industrial process:

  • Accuracy: If your process requires accurate data to be collected in real-time, these paperless recorders are extremely efficient in recording data with great precision and accuracy. With these recorders, data can be recorded error-free and can be considered absolutely reliable. 
  • Enhanced Security of Data: If you wish to keep your process data secure and safe, these paperless recorders are extremely beneficial. A paperless recorder helps maintain a high level of data safety and maintains its integrity without any risk of cyber threats. 
  • Uncorrupt Data: For any entrepreneur, process data is extremely important and it should never get corrupted by any means. So, these recorders are best-suited as the recorded data remains encrypted at all times and logically stored, thus ensuring safety.
  • Firmware Upgrades: A digital paperless recorder has a much larger capacity for being upgraded at the site than a paper recorder. These recorders meet the new guidelines of firmware upgrades.
  • Remote Access: Today, most businesses have separate geographical units so to acquire data in such a scenario, one needs remote access to data which is made possible only with these digital recorders.
  • Understand the Software: The software is a crucial part of these digital recorders. So, it is necessary to have the ability to work with the manufacturer’s software bundles as well as the 3rd party software. The manufacturers must provide such software that permits the following things to be done:
    • Software Must Allow Configurations from PC: Remotely-controlled software must allow installing of fresh configurations to the recorder, entering batch-data, and managing the data-driven files from any remote location. 
    • Capability to Communicate: Communication is that aspect where these recorders gleam. Do not invest in the recorders which do not have networkable Ethernet communication as it is the Ethernet port only where all advanced features can be fed easily. 

Paperless Recorders by Heatcon Sensors

Paperless Recorders by Heatcon Sensors are the latest innovation in this field. They are highly sensitive to record any minutest data variations, have a digital display for real-time monitoring, keep the recorded data secure and safe at all times, and the data can be easily accessed even remotely. If you too have a process that requires capturing of real-time data and doesn’t know which paperless recorder can suffice, contact the highly skilled and expert engineers working with Heatcon to get complete and reliable knowledge about paperless recorders.

What Is An Industrial Furnace & Its Various Components?

The Various Components of an Industrial Furnace!

High-Quality and Extremely Safe Industrial Furnaces by Heatcon Sensors!

An industrial furnace is different from an industrial oven because of the difference in operating temperature ranges between the two. While industrial ovens operate between 5000 ºC to up to 1200 ºC, an industrial furnace is used in applications that require temperatures above 1300 ºC. Such furnaces operate on the principle of high oxidation process by heating various types of metals before forging them into different shapes. High temperatures are also needed to help remove any impurities from the metals before forging by heat oxidation. Thus, various metals, glass, or even ceramics can be heated at high temperatures in an industrial furnace to help with tempering, carburizing, annealing, and pre-treating of such materials. 

The Various Components of an Industrial Furnace!

Industrial furnaces are available in different configurations and sizes based on their application and type of industrial process for which it is required. There are small, compact, and portable furnaces which have swing-open doors which are best used in R&D labs, product and material testing labs, as well as dental labs. Whilst those industrial furnaces required in large metallurgy facilities have a conveyor system for managing high volumes of materials and generally are very huge. It is important to consider and understand the various components of an industrial furnace before choosing the best industrial furnace for any industrial process. These include:-

Type of Fuel: For achieving the highest order of temperatures, the choice of fuel or the power source is the most important factor one should consider. The most common industrial fuels used in industrial furnaces include combustible fuels such as natural gas or coal, but environment-conscious industries nowadays are turning their heads towards non-combustible fuels and prefer electricity-run furnaces. 

Heat Contact or Access: Based on the process requirement how the material is needed to be treated with heat, i.e., either it should come directly in contact with the heat source or indirectly defines the type of furnace needed. There are different furnaces available for meeting both the direct and indirect heating requirements of the process. A furnace with a heat exchanger is best suited for indirect heating the material, and for direct heating where the material comes in direct contact with the flame needs a different type of furnace. In any case, one must ensure safety of the operator which is paramount. 

Emission Type: An industrial furnace is the best which produces the least amount of hazardous emissions. Therefore, eco-friendly industrial furnaces are given preference over other types of furnaces. The best and modern industrial furnaces have undergone a significant design change in terms of keeping the furnace low on carbon monoxide emissions by simply redirecting the carbon dioxide away from the combustion chamber. 

Type of Insulation: Because of highest operating temperature requirements, the type and quality of insulation matters the most in order to ensure safety of the operators at all times. In order to avoid any burns injuries or accidents, the best type of insulation is needed for covering the outer layer of the industrial furnace which becomes too hot during the heating process.

High-Quality and Extremely Safe Industrial Furnaces by Heatcon Sensors!

For procuring the best, extremely safe, and high-quality industrial furnace for your industrial process, Heatcon Sensors is a leading manufacturer in India. You can contact our highly experienced product engineers to get a ready-made solution for your process requirement, or even a custom-made solution designed specifically for your unique industrial application.

RTD Elements – The Most Widely Used Core Temperature Sensing Technology Today!

Importance of Thin Film RTD Element Design!

Heatcon Sensors – The Industry Leaders in Manufacturing High-Quality Custom-Design RTDs For Most Accurate Temperature Readings!

If you’re looking for a reliable and accurate way to measure temperature, you can’t go wrong with a resistance temperature detector, or RTD. RTD elements are made of a material with a known resistance that changes with temperature, making them ideal for precision measurement. It is nowadays considered as a core temperature sensing technology widely used in temperature sensor assemblies and RTD probes. RTDs are generally made from different materials such as copper, nickel, platinum, and gold.

There are many different RTD element designs, but they all work on the same principle. As the temperature of the element changes, so does its resistance. By measuring the resistance, you can accurately determine the temperature of the element. RTD elements are used in a variety of applications, from industrial process control to consumer electronics, and HVAC systems. They’re well-suited for temperature measurement because they’re highly accurate and stable over a wide range of temperatures.

Importance of Thin Film RTD Element Design!

There are many factors to consider when designing an RTD element, such as material selection, resistance value, size, wiring and connection type. 

  • The most important factor in RTD element design is the material selection. The material must have a high resistivity in order to accurately measure temperature. The most common materials used for RTDs are platinum, nickel and copper. 
    • Platinum is the most expensive material, but it is also the most accurate as they provide the best linear resistance change. Platinum RTDs can measure temperatures up to 800 degrees Celsius. 
    • Nickel is less accurate than platinum, but it is cheaper and can measure temperatures up to 500 degrees Celsius. 
    • Copper is the least accurate of the three materials, but it is the least expensive and can measure temperatures up to 300 degrees Celsius.
  • The resistance value is important because it determines the accuracy of the temperature measurement. When selecting the material for an RTD element, it is important to consider the accuracy requirements of the application. For applications that require high accuracy, such as HVAC or automotive, platinum is the best choice.
  • The size and wiring of the RTD element also need to be considered, as they can impact the accuracy of the temperature measurement.

Heatcon Sensors – The Industry Leaders in Manufacturing High-Quality Custom-Design RTDs For Most Accurate Temperature Readings!

If you are searching for the best type of RTD sensor for precise temperature measurement, an RTD is a great choice. With its high accuracy and stability, an RTD can help you get the most accurate temperature readings possible. If you are unsure which RTD element will work best for your application, you should contact experts at Heatcon Sensors who can guide you with your selection, and also you can expect the best custom-made solution to exactly meet the specific needs of your industrial application. The Heatcon Sensors team is highly experienced in customizing the thin film RTD element designs which offer the best value for your money.

What Are Surface Temperature Sensors, Their Types, & Benefits?

Surface Thermocouples

Resistance Temperature Detectors

Surface temperature sensors are used to measure the temperature of a surface. They are typically used in applications where the temperature of the surface is required for further processing, such as in the semiconductor industry.

Surface temperature sensors can be classified into two main types: those that use a physical contact to the surface, and those that don’t. The most common type of surface temperature sensor is the thermocouple. Thermocouples use two conductors of different materials that are joined at one end. When the two conductors are at different temperatures, a voltage is generated. This voltage can then be used to determine the temperature of the surface.

Non-contact surface temperature sensors are also available. These sensors use infrared radiation to measure the temperature of a surface. They are often used in situations where it is not possible to make physical contact with the surface, such as in high-temperature environments.

Surface Thermocouples

A surface thermocouple is a temperature sensor that is typically used to measure the temperature of a solid surface. These sensors are often used in industries such as power generation, chemical processing, and oil and gas production. Their benefits include: 

  • They are less expensive than other types of temperature sensors and are easy to maintain and install. 
  • Surface thermocouples are more rugged and can withstand harsh environments especially in high temperature furnaces.
  • They are very efficient in providing the most accurate temperature readings. This is due to the fact that they measure the temperature at the surface of the object, rather than the air temperature. This is especially important in industries where the temperature of the object being measured is much higher than the surrounding air temperature.

Resistance Temperature Detectors

RTD’s are sensors that measure surface temperature by converting it into a change in resistance. They are very popular because of their stability and precision at extreme temperature conditions. They’re typically made from metals like copper or platinum, and they can be used to measure a variety of temperatures, from -200°C to 550°C. Their Benefits include:

  • Precision: RTD’s are known for their high degree of accuracy, making them ideal for applications where precise measurements are required.
  • Stability: RTD’s are very stable and reliable, meaning they won’t fluctuate over time like some other types of temperature sensors.
  • Versatility: RTD’s can be used to measure a wide range of temperatures, making them a versatile option for many different industrial applications.

Heatcon Sensors – Pioneers in Making All Types of Quality Temperature Sensors For Every Industrial Need!

If you are unable to choose the perfect type of temperature sensor for your industry type of process, contact the highly skilled experts at Heatcon Sensors who can not only help you choose the best type of temperature sensor for your process, but also custom design it for you based on your specific needs.

What Is Mineral Insulation Cable & Its Benefits?

Advantages of Mineral Insulation Cables In Critical Industrial Processes!

A mineral insulation cable is the most preferred type of cable to be especially used in harsh environmental conditions and extremely high temperatures because of its low flammability properties. It is specifically being used in the thermocouple manufacturing industry to manufacture high-quality and accurate thermocouples which are used to measure minute temperature changes in industrial furnaces. The MI cables allow for precise and accurate temperature measurements due to their high resistance to oxidation at extremely high temperatures.

Advantages of Mineral Insulation Cables In Critical Industrial Processes!

  • For wet and chemically active environments, the metal sheathing that clads the mineral insulation cable does not allow for oxidation of the thermocouple wires. This provides for extreme corrosion resistance which makes MI cables ideal for processes where frequent replacement is either impossible or their failure may be too dangerous, as in nuclear power plants where core temperature is critically high. In such a case, it becomes extremely important to monitor accurate temperature and maintain it at all times using a high-quality thermocouple to avoid any major accidents. 
  • MI cables are filled with minerals to provide for excellent insulation, which is a non-reactive coating to help prevent the thermocouple wires from coming in contact with caustic substances like oils, water, and other industrial solvents or with each other. This further helps the temperature sensors to accurately record any temperature changes in critical processes such as sintering or heat treating where any small temperature fluctuations might adversely impact the quality of the product. 
  • The MI cables are insulated in such a way that its insulation will never catch fire in any case making it ideal for processes where any small fire could be disastrous. Nuclear power plants, medical device manufacturing industry, and oil rigs are some examples where the use of high-quality MI cables becomes extremely important. 
  • The insulation of the MI cable protects the thermocouple probes from coming in contact with other electrical wires which helps the thermocouple probes to take most accurate temperature measurements for longer periods without experiencing a malfunction. 
  • The MI cables are calibrated as per international standards to provide for precise and most accurate temperature measurements while operating in long duty cycles. 
  • The mineral insulation of MI cables makes them the perfect choice to be used in extremely high temperature conditions to obtain most accurate temperature readings. Because of this, they are considered ideal for industrial furnaces, firing ceramics, kilns, or heat-treating metals. MI cables are designed to withstand high temperatures, and thus, they are extremely reliable even after exposure to the highest order of temperatures by not losing their accuracy. These cables are extremely useful in industries where high international safety and quality standards are needed to be strictly enforced in order to avoid any industrial accidents.  

Heatcon Sensors – The Pioneers of Manufacturing High-Quality Thermocouples Using International Standard MI Cables!

If you have an industrial process which requires the best quality temperature sensing devices to take the most accurate temperature measurements over long duty cycles, you can contact the experts at Heatcon Sensors who can help you not only decide which option will work best for your process, but also they can help customize and design one for you to meet your specific process needs.

What are Temperature Transmitters & Their Advantages?

What Are Temperature Transmitters?

Why Do More And More Industries Use Temperature Transmitters?

How To Use A Temperature Transmitter?

What Are The Main Advantages of A Temperature Transmitter?

What Are Temperature Transmitters?

Temperature transmitters are devices which convert signals generated by a thermocouple or RTD into 4-20 mA output signals which are essential in appliances developed for taking temperature measurements remotely. Such transmitters have many advantages over conventional types of temperature measurement devices. 

Why Do More And More Industries Use Temperature Transmitters?

In some industrial processes, it is essential to monitor the real-time temperature changes of the system while sitting remotely due to safety reasons. Conventional thermocouples have a common limitation that they produce very low intensity signals. Such devices are required to be connected to a 2-wire transmitter in order to condition and amplify these signals to achieve better quality signals for more accurate temperature readings. These signals can then be easily transmitted using copper wires to other devices such as meters, chart recorders, computers, temperature controllers, and data loggers. 

How To Use A Temperature Transmitter?

A temperature transmitter should be connected to a DC power supply from which it will draw current in proportion to the inputs provided by the sensor. This change in the power supply is actually accounted for by the signal thus transmitted. While measuring the lowest temperature of the process, the input transmitter draws 4 mA of current from the DC supply source. As the temperature of the system rises, it will start drawing more current until the 20 mA mark is reached. The 20-mA mark signals the highest temperature that is sensed. The internal circuitry of the transmitter that conditions the signals defines the temperature range represented by the output current signals. 

What Are The Main Advantages of A Temperature Transmitter?

There are many advantages of using temperature transmitters for measuring temperature accurately over other traditional methods as below:

  • There is no requirement for AC power supply especially at the remote location in order to operate the 2-wire temperature transmitter. A temperature transmitter only requires minimum DC power of 4-20 mA output signals. Additionally, the 24 Vdc signal that is necessary to operate a temperature transmitter is widely accepted as a standard for plants equipped with heavy instrumentation. 
  • There are no problems of signal degradation or electrical noises for the operators using the temperature transmitters. A temperature transmitter’s signals are highly immune to ambient electrical noises. The receiving device usually eliminates any noise generated by the transmitters’ output current signal using common-mode rejection. In addition, the output current signal from the transmitter can travel long distances without much change contrary to most voltage signals. 
  • A temperature transmitter is extremely useful in lowering the wiring costs. The low intensity signals produced by the thermocouple essentially require a shielded cable to travel a significant distance. 

Heatcon – A Global Manufacturer of Top-Quality Temperature Transmitters and Temperature Sensors!

If you too have a process where you can find the use of a temperature transmitter necessary, you can query the experts at Heatcon – a leading global manufacturer of high-quality temperature sensing devices and industrial appliances for complete assistance in fulfilling all your process requirements.

RTDs Vs Thermocouples – What Will Work Best For Your Process?

Considerations For Choosing An RTD Or A Thermocouple For Your Industrial Process!

Heatcon Sensors – The Leading Manufacturer of All Types of High-Quality, Reliable, and Accurate RTDs & Thermocouples!

 

Both RTDs (Resistance Temperature Detectors) and thermocouples are sensors that are used to measure temperature, however, there are some important differences between both of these. There are different specific criteria as for their performance which will help us determine which one of them is best suited for an industrial process that we are looking to install one for as follows:

  • Cost Considerations: For temperatures above 600 degree centigrade RTDs are more expensive than thermocouples. For temperature measurements of the same style and order, an RTD will cost you nearly 2 or 3 times the cost of a thermocouple. Although you can expect to make some savings on RTD installation because of the use of copper wiring at lower temperatures, it is not enough considering the higher cost of the RTD device itself.
  • Temperature Range: For measuring the higher temperatures up to 1800°C , thermocouples are considered to be the best and more reliable than most RTDs which cannot operate efficiently at temperatures lesser than 400°C
  • Sensitivity: Although both RTDs and thermocouples are known to quickly respond to any minute changes in temperature, grounded thermocouples are more sensitive and respond at least 3 times faster than a RTD such as PT100. An exposed-tip thermocouple is considered to be the most sensitive and fastest. 
  • Accuracy: For better accuracy, you should opt for an RTD over a thermocouple for temperatures measurements below 400°C. Typically most RTDs have a better accuracy of about 0.10C in contrast to the thermocouples which are less accurate (1°C). However, some advanced thermocouples are designed to match the accuracy that an RTD can provide. The accuracy of the sensor depends on various factors such as linearity, stability, and repeatability. 
  • Linearity: All RTDs have a linear temperature-resistance relation to operate efficiently in a given sensor range, but you can see an ‘S’ type plot in a thermocouple. 
  • Stability: The readings from an RTD probe generally remain more stable and repeatable over a prolonged period of time, but thermocouple readings have a tendency to drift because of the sensor likely to have oxidative changes overtime. Thus, RTDs remain mostly stable and are considered to be a better choice for long term use. 

Considerations For Choosing An RTD Or A Thermocouple For Your Industrial Process!

We can easily conclude here that if you are looking for an economical temperature sensor, you can opt for a thermocouple because they are cheaper and easier to manufacture rather than an RTD. You can expect to make significant cost savings by selecting a thermocouple for your process especially in case you need a good number of temperature probes for your process. 

On the other hand, if you are looking for a more accurate and reliable temperature sensor, you should opt for an RTD for your process. Not to forget the only constraint with an RTD is the limited temperature range that they can operate optimally. 

Heatcon Sensors – The Leading Manufacturer of All Types of High-Quality, Reliable, and Accurate RTDs & Thermocouples!

If you are still unable to make a decision regarding which sensor type will be best suited for your industrial process, you can contact the experts at Heatcon Sensors who have great experience in designing, customizing, and manufacturing all types of high quality temperature sensors for various and sundry industrial processes.

 

 

What Is A Hygrometer, The Way It Works, & Its Different Types?

How A Hygrometer Works & Its Types?

Heatcon – The Leading Manufacturer & Supplier of High-Quality & Most Accurate Hygrometers in India?

What Is A Hygrometer?

A hygrometer is an important tool for most manufacturing industries as it helps to measure the amount of moisture in the air. It is used in a variety of industries and processes where accurate humidity measurements are critical. It is an important invention for many industries as too much or too little moisture can impact the quality of the products being manufactured. For example, in the electronics industry, a hygrometer is used to ensure that the products being assembled are not damaged by moisture. Some of the industries and processes that use hygrometers include humidity control in food processing and storage as well as indoor air quality monitoring and also pharmaceutical industry. It is extremely required especially in food processing and storage industries in order to prevent the growth of mold and mildew, and to protect sensitive materials from damage due to presence of moisture in the air.

How A Hygrometer Works & Its Types?

There are many different types of hygrometers, but they all work by measuring the amount of water vapor in the air. Let us discuss the most common types of hygrometers as below. 

  • Psychrometer: The most common type of hygrometer is a psychrometer, which consists of two thermometers, one of which is dry and the other of which is wet. The dry thermometer measures the air temperature, while the wet thermometer measures the temperature of the wet bulb. As such, a hygrometer works on the principle phenomenon called evaporative cooling. During the process of evaporation, the surface from which water has evaporated becomes colder since the water molecules absorb the surface heat to change their physical state in the form of vapors. Because of this, the wet bulb thermometer will consistently record lower temperature values than the dry bulb thermometer. In simple terms, you may feel instant cooling while you are in a shower. When you have low humidity levels along with mostly dry air present, it can lead to higher and faster evaporation rate and you will notice a significant decrease in wet bulb temperature. When there is very high humidity in the air, the decrease in wet bulb temperature is very less. When the humidity level is 100%, both dry and wet bulbs will register the same temperature.
  • Electrical Hygrometer: This type of hygrometer uses a fine-layer semiconductor device, and the hygrometer analyzes its variance in electrical resistance to accurately measure the humidity levels. Contrary to this, most hygrometers detect humidity levels based on variations recorded in weight, transparency, and volume of substances to determine the moisture content. Electrical hygrometers are of two types, namely resistive type and capacitive type hygrometers based on changes in resistance or capacitance. Each type has a sensor to detect even the minor variations in the semiconductors’ on-chip layer. 

Heatcon – The Leading Manufacturer & Supplier of High-Quality & Most Accurate Hygrometers in India?

If you’re looking to procure a hygrometer for your industrial process or have a specific requirement for which you are looking for a custom-solution, you can contact the experts at Heatcon who have decades of experience in manufacturing the best type of high-quality and accurate hygrometers.

 

 

What Are Thermocouple Connectors & 5 Most Important Things You Should Know Before Selecting One?

5 Most Important Things To Consider Before Choosing The Best Thermocouple Connector For Your Industrial Process!

 

Thermocouple connectors are devices that are responsible to transmit accurate thermocouple sensor signals in millivolts to the final display or control device. Different thermocouple sensors require compatible thermocouple connectors based on the type of alloy used in the sensor, specific color coding for identifying and matching the thermocouple wires, and finally the functional temperature range at which the specific thermocouple works. Before you go on to select the correct type of thermocouple connector for your thermocouple device, you should be aware of the following:

  • Thermocouple Alloys – For most accurate measurements, the thermocouple pins inside the connector should match with the lead wires or thermocouple sensor wires. You must note here that 9 different types of calibrations of thermocouple alloys are available in the primary connectors. The base metal thermocouples generally have J, K, T, E, and N types of calibrations that are widely used designs.  
  • Color Codes – There are specific color codes for specific types of thermocouple connectors to easily identify and exactly match the thermocouple connector to the sensor and the thermocouple wire. You must refer to the manual provided by the manufacturer to understand this concept in totality as it might be sometimes very confusing due to different international color coding systems such as USA ANSI color coding & International Electrotechnical Commission color coding system.
  • Functional Temperatures – The alloy pins and the thermocouple connector body material plays an important role while selecting the correct thermocouple connector depending on the range of functional temperature they are required to operate. 
    • The metal alloy pins of the thermocouple connector are capable of operating optimally between the temperature ranges of below Zero to up to 2000° F.
    • The thermocouple connector body material is the main factor that helps in determining the functional temperature range where it can efficiently and accurately operate. 
    • Typically the thermocouple connector body materials and the pins are made from either ceramics, thermosets, or thermoplastics all of which operate at a specific functional temperature range, i.e., from -40° F to 1200° F. 

5 Most Important Things To Consider Before Choosing The Best Thermocouple Connector For Your Industrial Process!

  1. Mechanical Durability: The thermocouple connectors made from thermoplastics are most widely used in all types of industries where highly accurate temperature measurements are needed because of their high mechanical durability. They are best suited to operate between -40° F to 400° F and above.
  2. Continuous Exposure To High Temperatures: When you need a connector to work efficiently on a continuous high temperature range of 500° F to 800° F, a thermocouple connector made from a Thermoset would be an excellent choice. 
  3. Heatcon Sensors: These sensors are meant to withstand continuous exposure to high temperatures and operate best between 600° F to up to 1000° F. 
  4. Highest Operating Range: The thermocouple connectors that work the best for highest temperature operating ranges are the ones which are made from high-quality ceramics. They can efficiently work between the temperature range of -20°F to up to 1200° F. Such connectors also work efficiently in vacuum based applications. 
  5. Shape & Size:  Depending on your process requirement and design, you have the option to select either the circular or rectangular shaped connector available both in miniature design and also in standard body design. 

Heatcon Sensors – A Globally Recognized Manufacturer of High Quality Thermocouple Connectors!

If you are looking to procure a high-quality thermocouple connector for your industrial process or if you are confused about your options to select the best thermocouple connector that will accommodate all your process requirements, you can contact the highly expert team of engineers at Heatcon Sensors who will answer all your queries in this regard and help you make the best informed decision in procuring the one.

 

 

The Assortment of Humidity Chambers

Benchtop Humidity Chambers

Reach-In Humidity Chamber

Walk-In Humidity Chambers

Drive-In Humidity Chambers

Scientific Testing Chambers

 

A humidity chamber is a device used to control the humidity levels. It is often used for scientific testing, but can also be used for other purposes. Different types of humidity chambers can be used in different industry verticals, laboratories for different purposes including product durability testing, and scientific testing, etc. Their types as well as their designs tend to vary as per the kind of testing that is needed, and some other factors decide the size of their parts too. Every industry vertical has its own set of requirements & data types needed to ascertain the quality of products required. This makes it imperative for the manufacturer to design a large variety of such test chambers with different sizes etc. 

Types of Humidity Chambers

Humidity chambers come in varied sizes and also come with different features such as the ability to reach various parts of the chamber, walk-in or drive-in configurations, and benchtop versions.

Benchtop Humidity Chambers

Benchtop humidity chamber units provide more convenience because they sit on a tabletop rather than being attached to a wall as traditional humidifiers do. This type of humidity chamber fits on shelves for testing humidity effects on smaller parts. This one is a cost-efficient way to test any product(s), usually done on small components like electronics parts, sensors, cell phones, etc. These are mainly used in research labs and/or by small businessmen etc. Size can be as small as 0.89 cubic feet and as large as 5.5 cubic feet also. 

Reach-In Humidity Chamber

The reach-in versions of these humidity chambers are perfect for use at work stations where you need easy access to the chamber itself. They have smaller footprints as compared to the models that are larger in size! They have the almost same versatility as that is there in a benchtop model. These come in vertical configurations allowing easy access. They are totally sealed while testing. Designed with casters/wheels for more convenience, they come in different sizes matching the space that is available.

Walk-In Humidity Chambers

As the name suggests, walk-in humidity chambers have big enough room for cars as well as any big computing systems. They can have modular construction wherein these chambers are built on-site or are installed as single units as per customers’ requirements.

Drive-In Humidity Chambers 

Just like the walk-in ones, the drive-in humidity chambers too are big in size. The main use for these types of chambers is seen in vehicle testing, wherein, the vehicle is tested under different mini-environmental conditions for determining its life as well as its durability. This type of chamber is usually engineered for meeting customer requirements, mainly used in the automotive industry.

Scientific Testing Chambers

Scientific testing chambers vary in size, but all of them are designed to control humidity levels in a specific area. They can be used to test products and/or materials, and predict humidity levels in the environment, by creating mini-environments. Their major use is seen in examining specimens for potential issues. The data thus collated becomes highly significant in the development of product(s) in the future related to food science, pertaining to pharmaceuticals, as well as the electronics industry.

Humidity Chambers by Heatcon Sensors 

Heatcon Sensors is one of the leading manufacturers of different types of humidity chambers. The testing chambers produced by them are being used in several industry verticals.

 

 

What Are The Various Reasons That Cause A Thermocouple To Fail?

Thermocouple Failure Modes That Can Cause A Thermocouple To Fail!

Heatcon – A Leading Manufacturer & Distributor of High-Quality Thermocouples!

 

A thermocouple is an electronic device that is required to measure high temperatures especially in the industrial processes and settings. It consists of two wires of different metals that are joined at one end. The other end of the wires is connected to a measuring instrument. The instrument measures the voltage that is generated when the two metals are at different temperatures. There are many environmental and operational factors that can cause a thermocouple to fail beyond a certain time affecting the accuracy of any temperature measurements. So, it becomes extremely important to understand the thermocouple failure modes that can affect the accuracy of a thermocouple in temperature measurements over time, and a thermocouple will subsequently fail to generate accurate measurements. 

Thermocouple Failure Modes That Can Cause A Thermocouple To Fail!

  • Corrosion Due to Oxidation Overtime: One of the most common causes for a thermocouple to fail is due to corrosion. The wires can become corroded if they are exposed to moisture or chemicals. This can cause the wires to break or the connection to the measuring instrument to become loose.
  • Physical Damage: Another reason for a thermocouple to fail is due to physical damage. The wires can become damaged if they are bent or stretched. This can cause the wires to break or wired connections become loose. The physical damage can also be caused if the thermocouple is used in conditions where the temperature levels exceed the temperatures that the device is actually calibrated for. The excessive heat will lead to physical damage to the thermocouple. 
  • Metal Fatigue: Due to continuous exposure to high temperatures, the metals will start showing characteristics of metal fatigue as the metals do expand and contract regularly because of any change in temperature. Such fatigue will lead to weakening of the thermocouple to generate most accurate readings over time. 
  • Welding Issues: During preparation of the metal for the thermocouple, improper welding may lead into open connection which can cause the thermocouple device to fail. As this issue can be easily detected, it should be fixed immediately with the help of an expert, and one should be careful to check the weld while installing a thermocouple. 
  • Using A Wrong Thermocouple: Different thermocouples have obviously different types of characteristics. Based on the type of a thermocouple, it needs appropriate matching type of electronics being used in order to decode signals received from the thermocouple. So, it is important to check the thermocouple parameters from an expert technician.
  • Improper or Inadequate Insulation: If the thermocouple wires are not properly insulated, they can also become damaged. This can cause the wires to become loose or loosening of the connection to the measuring instrument itself, which may result in inaccurate temperature readings. 
  • Calibration Issues: If the measuring instrument is not properly calibrated, the readings can be inaccurate. In such a situation, the thermocouple is required to be replaced. You might need an expert to evaluate the thermocouple device periodically in order to check and verify the calibration in order to fix any such issues. 
  • Poor Installation: Thermocouples can also fail due to poor installation. If the wires are not properly connected or the operating conditions are not compatible with the thermocouple device, it will ultimately lead into failure of the thermocouple device.

Heatcon – A Leading Manufacturer & Distributor of High-Quality Thermocouples!

If you suspect that your thermocouple has failed or is not giving the most accurate readings, you should contact the expert team of engineers at Heatcon to get the best advice for any repairs that are needed, maintenance, or complete replacement of your thermocouple device. It may be any of the above-listed thermocouple failure modes that your thermocouple device has failed, it is always important to have it checked by a qualified technician only.

 

 

Construction of Humidity Chambers

Humidity Chambers Are Available in Many Sizes!

Construction of a Humidity Chamber

Humidity Chambers by Heatcon Sensors

 

A humidity chamber is an equipment used to examine how products under test react when they are exposed to humidity variations. A variety of test methods using humidity chambers have been developed to determine whether a certain product that is being tested using this humidity chamber would be able to withstand adverse weather conditions, which in turn defines its durability. These tests are often performed by technicians, who analyze test results using sophisticated instruments. This testing requires specialized training and experience to interpret properly and accurately for each particular case at hand. After testing, these technicians arrive at an accurate conclusion about a given product or its part or assembly’s suitability for mass production and/or distribution in its intended environment or application (e-g., aerospace, automotive, marine, etc.).

Humidity Chambers Are Available in Many Sizes!

A simple form of a moisture chamber consists essentially of two sealed rooms, one inner and one outer, with walls made from a transparent material such as glass or plastic so that the Relative Humidity (RH) inside can be observed. The principle behind this type of device is that water vapor condenses onto surfaces when it reaches its boiling point-the higher than the RH in either room, more water vapor will precipitate on surfaces within both rooms. Several variables affect the durability of any product(s). These humidity testing chambers are used for ensuring the durability of products and optimizing their performances to provide accurate data about the factors that cause the deterioration of these products. The humidity chamber can be considered as a type of miniature environment that is capable of creating a vast array of environmental conditions, so it is made of durable material(s), which can withstand the weather condition(s) it creates. These testing chambers are available in many sizes from desktop models to even the ones that are big enough to walk inside them. Irrespective of the sizes, all types of these chambers have some common elements, including walls, sealing materials, doors, controllers, observation ports, temperature setting monitors, etc.

Construction of a Humidity Chamber

A humidity chamber is a scientific instrument used to measure and control the humidity in the air, as well as other gasses and liquids. It is composed of several large and small chambers interconnected by a system of pipes and valves. Data collection and analysis are carried out by a computer. The humidity chamber is made up of separate chambers, each of which is heated and cooled. The lower chamber (the one below the surface) is heated by a piece of equipment that emits infrared radiation. The warmer air rises and the cooler air sinks. The condensation on the walls and ceiling of the chamber causes the humidity level to be monitored continuously. The humidity chamber is often used for measuring the humidity in the atmosphere, controlling the humidity in air-conditioning systems, studying the behavior of gasses and liquids at low and high temperatures, and for making products’ tests for their sustainability. This defines the life of any product when it is supplied in the market. A humidity chamber consists of the following:

  • Walls 
  • Sealing Material
  • Doors
  • Controllers
  • Temperature
  • Air supply
  • Humidity system
  • Materials

Humidity Chambers by Heatcon Sensors 

A humidity chamber is an important tool used in many industry verticals. It is useful for reproducing the humidity in the atmosphere, simulating the humidity created by air-conditioning systems, and for testing the durability of products by the behavior of their materials under different environmental conditions. Heatcon Sensors‘ humidity chambers are highly accurate and reliable, meeting or exceeding all applicable standards. Heatcon is the leading manufacturer of high-quality humidity chambers. Their chambers maintain a consistent level of humidity, and these chambers are safe to use, easy to operate, and perfect for industrial requirements. They offer a wide range of humidity chambers, so you can find the perfect one for your needs or get one specifically constructed that suits your needs well.

 

 

Industrial Applications of Humidity Chambers

Industrial Applications of Humidity Chambers

Humidity Chambers by Heatcon Sensors 

 

Gone are the days when products were dissipated in the market with just the hope that they would be durable. This guesswork era has pretty much ended with the development of humidity chambers, which has paved the way for the much-informed introduction of the product(s) in the market! These testing chambers give critical data about product(s) and their material(s) for the designing of fresh products. Many industries today are not just using these humidity chambers, but depending upon them quite a lot to gather significant information about the stability & endurance of their product(s). 

Industrial Applications of Humidity Chambers

Humidity chambers are used in a wide range of industrial applications. Humidity chambers use moist air to control the humidity levels within a given environment. This helps to preserve products or reduce the amount of water needed for specific processes. In many industries, humidity chambers are used to control the humidity levels in a given environment. These chambers are also used in research laboratories to study the effects of humidity on various objects. The air in a humidity chamber is created by putting moist air into the chamber and then sealing the chamber. The humidity level in the chamber is controlled by the amount of water that is present in the air. The reason why humidity chambers are used in various industries is that they allow for the controlled reproduction of humidity levels. This is important because it is difficult to replicate humidity levels in an uncontrolled environment. Many industries today are using humidity chambers to control the humidity levels in a given environment and to study the effects of humidity on various products.

  • Automotive Industry: The major function of this tenting chamber in the automotive industry is to simulate weather conditions, which is done by pumping in moisture-filled hot air inside the chamber. The capability of a car to withstand such abuse, which they endure, is a serious issue for car manufacturers. Ensuring any vehicle’s tolerance over all these types of weather conditions is vital for the life of any such vehicle and also for the safety of the passengers.
  • Rubber Industry: Rubber is a material that gets too affected by any strong climatic condition(s). Rubber sure has high tolerance but it is still prone to the damages/changes owing to the humidity in the air. The sole purpose of a humidity testing chamber here is for testing how rubber will behave when it is subjected to 95 percent humidity. By using such a chamber, the rubber’s cracking/melting property is determined.
  • Pharmaceutical Industry: Considering humidity is a crucial aspect in this industry as moisture can degrade the drugs quickly, making humidity-testing data highly critical to determine the life of any drug. 
  • Plastic Products Industry: Moisture & humidity exposure can lead to discoloration of plastics, and surface crazing/chalking, and making them brittle. So, it is crucial to test any plastic products for such aspects as it can cause the failure of any plastic products in the market.
  • Other Industries: Humidity chambers can be found in various other sectors such as electronics, textiles, chemicals, aerospace, military, medical, battery, and other materials processing industries.

Humidity Chambers by Heatcon Sensors 

Heatcon Sensors is a leading manufacturer of high-quality humidity chambers. Their products are used in many industry verticals by manufacturers, researchers, scientists, and laboratories throughout the world to check and control humidity levels in various environments.

 

 

What Is A Humidity Chamber, How It Works, And Its Different Types?

How A Humidity Chamber Works?

Most Widely Used Types of Humidity Chambers! 

Heatcon – The Leading Manufacturer of High-Quality Humidity Chambers!

 

A humidity chamber is a controlled environment used to test the effects of specified levels of humidity on objects or materials. It has a specific application in manufacturing processes where manufacturers can do environmental testing using different control parameters of humidity and temperature to ensure their products can withstand the harshest of weather conditions. It is helpful in ascertaining the shelf life of the products and the point beyond which the product quality will start to deteriorate or completely fail. It is helpful for product design engineers to fine-tune their product design and materials that are better resilient to the environmental conditions. 

How A Humidity Chamber Works?

If you need to store or test materials that are sensitive to moisture, you may need to use a humidity chamber. These chambers can help to regulate the level of humidity in the air, providing a controlled environment for your materials. Humidity chambers work by circulating air through a humidifier and then trapping it inside the chamber for test durations. This allows the air inside the chamber to reach the desired level of humidity. A hygrometer is used to easily monitor the humidity level inside the chamber. If you need to store materials that are sensitive to moisture, a humidity chamber can help to protect them. By regulating the level of humidity in the chamber, you can create a safe and controlled environment for your materials. By measuring the most optimum humidity levels, you can easily vary your materials and designs to increase the shelf life of your final product. 

Most Widely Used Types of Humidity Chambers! 

There are different methods of introducing both heat and moisture into a humidity chamber. You can use a bath or spray technique to introduce water, and likewise, you can use a heating element or a coil type of heater for generating heat. Some of the most widely used humidity chamber types include:

  • Steam Generator: One of the most common types of chambers is the steam generator that uses immersion type of heaters for creating the desired level of humidity. The advantage of this type of chamber is that it can create very high levels of humidity, which is perfect for testing materials that need to be exposed to extreme conditions. The inside temperature can be easily varied between 300 0C to up to 1300 0C.  
  • Atomizer Test Chamber: Another type of chamber is the atomizer test chamber which is fitted with a spray nozzle for inducing atomized water for creating moisture inside the chamber. The advantage of this type of chamber is that it is less expensive to operate than a steam generator. However, atomizers can be less effective in creating high levels of humidity.
  • Water Bath Test Chambers: These use a water bath to create the desired level of humidity. The advantage of this type of chamber is that it is very effective in creating high levels of humidity.
  • AGREE Test Chambers: Such chambers are the most expensive ones, but they are also the most effective. These chambers use a combination of steam and atomization to create the desired level of humidity. AGREE chambers are perfect for testing materials that need to be exposed to extreme conditions. The unique feature of such a chamber is that it also offers vibration testing at the same time along with environmental testing. 

Heatcon – The Leading Manufacturer of High-Quality Humidity Chambers!

If you too are looking to procure a robust solution for your product testing needs, you can contact the sales team of Heatcon Sensors who can assist you with getting the most suitable type of humidity chamber that will work best for your process after thoroughly understanding your process needs.

 

 

What Are Hot Air Blowers & Their Benefits?

How to Choose the Right Hot Air Blower for Your Industrial Process?

Benefits of Hot Air Blowers!

Heatcon’s Hot Air Blowers Are Truly World-Class!

 

What are Hot Air Blowers?

Hot air blowers are devices which are capable of generating high-velocity hot air in a controlled and focused manner which is then used to heat up materials or to provide drying power. The air gets heated when it is passed through a heated element thereby raising the temperature of the air which is ready to be blown out. Such blowers are commonly used in a variety of industrial and domestic applications. A hot air blower is a truly versatile tool that can be used in a variety of industries, including the automotive, food processing, ceramic, plastic, and textile industries. An industrial hot air blower is used to move compressed hot air around, and they are often used to dry or heat up objects or materials by using high-velocity hot air. Industrial hot air blowers can be used in a number of different manufacturing processes such as aspirating, ventilating, conveying, and exhausting, and they are available in a variety of sizes.

How to Choose the Right Hot Air Blower for Your Industrial Process?

When it comes to hot air blowers, there are a lot of different options available in the market. Choosing the right one for your industrial process can be tricky. The best hot air blowers have a built in thermocouple to generate optimum heat, has an on-board temperature sensor, and can generate air flow in a controlled manner. There are a few other things you must consider when making your decision.

  • On-Board Thermocouple: An air blower that comes with an on-board thermocouple gives you the option to monitor, measure, and control the temperature. Thus, you can easily make sure it meets your process’ heating requirements perfectly. 
  • Size of the Unit: You need to think about the size of the unit. The larger the unit, the more powerful and expensive it will be. You need to make sure that the unit you choose is powerful and compact enough to handle your specific heating requirements.
  • Air Flow Control: A blower that offers air flow controls gives you more options and can be very useful in applications where you need to vary the air flow. 
  • Temperature Requirement & Space to Be Heated: You need to think about the specific needs of your process. What are the temperature and humidity requirements? What are the airflow requirements? Make sure that the unit you choose can meet all of the needs of your process.
  • Cost of the Unit: You must think about the cost of the unit. There are a lot of different hot air blowers on the market, and they all vary in price. Make sure you get a unit that fits your budget. You should also consider the warranty. 

Benefits of Hot Air Blowers!

  • Hot air blowers are very efficient for heating small spaces quickly. 
  • They have low operational costs. 
  • Since there is no use of oil or water filters, they provide clean air. 
  • There is no condensate with the air exhausted. 
  • They are independently functional as there is no need for external piping or use of any sort of heavy equipment to run them.

Heatcon’s Hot Air Blowers Are Truly World-Class!

If you have a query about which hot air blower will be perfect for your process, you can contact Heatcon Sensors’ technical team. Heatcon is a leading manufacturer of high-quality thermocouples and hot air blowers for a variety of different industrial processes, and can also provide you with a custom-made solution to best fit your requirements for a quality hot air blower. 

 

 

Reasons Why Heatcon Sensors are Most Trusted By Industries Needing High-Temperature Furnaces?

Industrial Applications for High-Temperature Furnaces!

Heatcon’s Temperature Sensors – Especially Designed to Measure Accurate Temperatures of High-Temperature Furnaces!

 

What are High-Temperature Furnaces?

High-temperature furnaces are furnaces that are usually required to operate at high temperatures as much as 1200 degrees Celsius and above. They are used in a variety of industries for a variety of applications. Some of the most common applications for high-temperature furnaces include heat treating, glass making, and ceramics. Heat treating is the process of using heat to change the properties of a material. This can be done to strengthen the material, to simplify machining, or for other purposes. The industries that most commonly use high-temperature furnaces include mining, battery manufacturing, dental, aerospace, quality control laboratories, and powder metallurgy applications.  

Industrial Applications for High-Temperature Furnaces!

High-temperature furnaces are used in a variety of industries and applications. These furnaces can reach temperatures above 2000 degrees Celsius, making them ideal for certain manufacturing processes. There are many different types of high-temperature furnaces, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. 

  • The most common type of furnace is the electric resistance furnace. These furnaces use electricity to heat metal elements, which in turn heat the air inside the furnace. Electric resistance furnaces are very efficient, but they can be expensive to operate.
  • Another type of high-temperature furnace is the gas-fired furnace. These furnaces use natural gas or propane to heat the air inside the furnace. Gas-fired furnaces are less efficient than electric resistance furnaces, but they are less expensive to operate.
  • High-temperature furnaces are used in a variety of industries, including the steel industry, the glass industry, and the semiconductor industry. These furnaces are used to create new materials, or to modify existing materials. For example, high-temperature furnaces are used to create steel alloyed with other metals, or to create tempered glass.

If you are in an industry that uses high-temperature furnaces, it is important to choose the right type of furnace for your application. Moreover, you need the right type of temperature sensor, irrespective of the furnace type, that can be utilized to accurately measure the extreme high-temperatures and are truly beneficial and reliable in terms of cost efficiency and longevity. 

You can rely on Heatcon Sensors extensive knowledge in designing and manufacturing high temperature furnaces. Call Heatcon Sensors today if there’s a need to manufacture a high temperature furnace.

Heatcon’s Temperature Sensors – Especially Designed to Measure Accurate Temperatures of High-Temperature Furnaces!

As proficient as they are in the manufacturing of high temperature furnaces, Heatcon Sensors also manufacture a range of temperature sensors including thermocouples and RTDs.

If you are looking for a high-temperature furnace sensor, you should consider exploring the range of temperature sensors that Heatcon Sensors manufactures which are very popular and especially designed to withstand and perform efficiently at extremely high temperatures. 

Here are five things that make Heatcon Sensors the most appropriate sensors for high-temperature furnaces:

  1. Wide Temperature Range – Heatcon Sensors can withstand temperatures up to 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit, making them ideal for high-temperature furnaces.
  2. Quick Response Time – Heatcon Sensors respond quickly to changes in temperature, ensuring accurate readings.
  3. Rugged Construction – Heatcon’s temperature sensors are built to withstand the rigors of industrial environments, making them ideal for use in high-temperature furnaces.
  4. Easy Installation – Heatcon’s temperature sensors can be easily installed in existing furnaces, making them ideal for retrofit applications.
  5. Competitive Pricing – Heatcon’s temperature sensors are competitively priced, making them an affordable option for high-temperature furnace sensors.

Contact Heatcon Sensors Today To Get Your High Temperature Furnace Manufactured and also the Best Fit, High-Quality Temperature Sensor for Your Furnace.

 

Types and Categories of Industrial Ovens Explicated

Categories of Industrial Ovens

Heatcon Sensors – The Largest Manufacturer of Industrial Ovens

 

What Are Industrial Ovens?

Industrial ovens are the devices, which are used for generating high temperatures for the heat treatment of parts, metal conditioning, and curing of the metal coating. The 2 major types of industrial ovens are the continuous ovens and the batch ovens. As their names suggest, a batch oven can do the treatment of a big number of parts at once. Continuous ovens are often the major part of mass production and can consist of heating as well as cooling functionalities. The operation of an industrial oven depends largely upon its usage requirement. Gas ovens, electric ones, steam ovens, hot water ovens, and microwave ovens are the conveyor-loaded industrial ovens. Product loading patterns and airflow patterns are important for the success of industrial ovens. 6 different airflow patterns are there, depending on the product type and how they have been loaded. Heat gets circulated by forced convection.

Categories of Industrial Ovens

Below are some of the common categories of industrial ovens, which are unique in their creation, structure, product handling, as well as flexibility:

  • Industrial Electric Oven: This type of oven uses electricity. It has a quick heat-up time, and precise temperature control, and is available at a comfortable rate. This type of oven is perfect to deal with the combustible product(s) and/or work with some metals namely aluminum that may discolor when they are heated by gas.
  • Laboratory Oven: This type of oven is used for testing samples during the product development process or while completing the light-duty productions of smaller parts.
  • Industrial Batch Oven: This type of oven is used for processing a large number of products. This type comes in different sizes, which vary from some cubic meters to even several cubic feet. 
  • Conveyor Oven: This type of oven is used in automated productions and this is usually designed for fitting into some particular manufacturing processes. This type of oven can operate at varying speeds. It consists of multiple heat zones, a cooling zone, and also an exhaust hood. It does the work of curing, preheating, drying, bonding, tempering, stress-relieving, annealing, and forming.
  • Curing Oven: This type of oven causes powder/paint to be bonded with metal(s). It is capable of hardening the products that are made from rubber, plastic, or some metal.  
  • Direct Gas Oven: This type of oven is more costly to be constructed than an electric oven but it is less costly to use as the gas cost is lesser than the cost of electricity. 
  • Drying Oven: This type of oven is used for removing moisture, heat-treating metal(s) for extrusion processes, for sterilizing medical equipment(s). It uses natural/forced convection.
  • Tunnel Oven: This type of oven has an open-ended chamber(s), which are connected to a metal belt; this has a baking platform too. Products get baked straight away on a pan or on the hearth. 
  • Microwave Oven: This type of oven has been very common for cooking and heating food in houses, but recent developments have resulted in the use of these ovens for industrial purposes as well. 
  • Baking Oven: This type of oven releases moisture, trapped gasses, or volatile compounds from the coatings on the finished products. 
  • Vacuum Oven: This type of oven controls atmospheric pressure inside the heating chamber for removing any contaminants, and for providing better control over the treatment process.
  • Infrared Oven: This type of oven uses high-intensity lighting for maximizing production and for minimizing the use of energy. 

Heatcon Sensors – The Largest Manufacturer of Industrial Ovens

If you wish to have more information about the industrial ovens for your application(s), you can contact the experts at Heatcon Sensors; they happen to be one of the largest manufacturers of high-quality industrial ovens.

 

 

A Quick Read to Discover What Is an Induction Furnace

Types of Induction Furnaces

Heatcon Sensors – The Best Place to Procure an Induction Furnace

Induction Furnaces by Heatcon Sensors

Features of Induction Furnaces by Heatcon Sensors

Applications of Induction Furnaces by Heatcon Sensors

Specifications of Induction Furnaces by Heatcon Sensors

What Is an Induction Furnace?

An induction furnace is a type of furnace that uses electromagnetic induction to heat materials. Induction furnaces are used in a variety of industries, including the steel, aluminum, copper, and glass industries. The major components of induction furnaces include sensor(s), furnace(s), power supply, capacitor(s) & control system(s). When the action of alternating electromagnetic fields happens in induction furnaces, eddy currents get generated in the material(s) for achieving a heating effect/melting effect. In the stirring effect of alternating magnetic field(s), material composition as well as material temperature in the furnaces become uniform (relatively), and forging heat-temperature(s) can even reach up to 1250°C, and the melting point(s) can even reach up to 1650°C. Besides being heated/smelted in the atmosphere, induction furnaces can even be heated/smelted in a vacuum, and can even be heated/smelted inside a protective atmosphere like argon/helium for meeting specific quality requirement(s).

Types of Induction Furnaces

Induction furnaces are broadly divided into 2 main types, as given below:

  • Heating Induction Furnaces: These electric furnaces heat material with the help of an induced current that gets generated through the induction-coil. If the material (metal) gets heated, then it’s placed inside a crucible, which is made from the refractory material. If the material (non-metal) is heated, then it’s placed inside a graphite crucible. When AC frequency increases, the frequency of that induced current gets augmented accordingly, and the heat that is being generated is also amplified. 
  • Melting Induction Furnaces: Melting induction furnaces are divided into 2 major types, as follows:
  • Core Induction Furnaces: These have a core passing through the inductor, powered by the commercial-frequency power-supply. These are largely utilized for the purposes of melting as well as for heat preservation of various metals including bronze, cast iron, zinc, brass, etc. 
  • Coreless Induction Furnaces: These have no iron core to pass through the inductor, and these are further divided into the following types:
    • High-frequency induction furnaces
    • Triple-frequency induction furnaces 
    • Power-frequency induction furnaces
    • Thyristor intermediate-frequency induction furnaces 
    • Generator-set intermediate-frequency induction furnaces 

Heatcon Sensors – The Best Place to Procure an Induction Furnace

If you wish to have more information about the induction furnaces for your application(s), you can contact the experts at Heatcon Sensors (https://mithermocouple.com/induction-heaters-furnace/); the perfect place to procure a high-quality induction furnace.

Induction Furnaces by Heatcon Sensors

The features, applications, and specifications of the induction furnace provided by Heatcon Sensors are mentioned below:

Features of Induction Furnaces by Heatcon Sensors

  • Portable
  • Lightweight 
  • Speedy cycles of heating (lower than 99 sec)
  • Much reduced oxidation having better quality joint(s)
  • The auto-shutdown feature is available, and it helps during any fault condition
  • Effective IGBT/MOSFET-Based induction furnace (Compact bench Top module)

Applications of Induction Furnaces by Heatcon Sensors

  • Soldering/brazing of cutting & drilling tool
  • In the brazing of a precious metal (gold/silver/platinum/palladium etc.)
  • Used for the heat treatments of metal parts that may consist of hardening/tempering/shrink heating/instant heating needed for forging

Specifications of Induction Furnaces by Heatcon Sensors

  • Product Size: 200x450x400 mm
  • Power Supply: ac-220/440V 60 Hz
  • Output Frequency: 30kHz – 80 kHz
  • Heat Oscillate Current: 200A – 1000A
  • Power Rating: 3Kw, 5Kw, 10 Kw, and above
  • Flow Rate of Cool Water: 0.2 Mpa, 10L/min

 

 

A Quick Guide about the Types of Industrial Furnaces

Types of Industrial Furnaces

Where Are Industrial Furnaces Used?

Heatcon Sensors – One of the Biggest Manufacturers of Industrial Furnaces

Heatcon’s Industrial Furnace (High-Temperature up to 1200℃)

 

The normal functionality of industrial furnaces is the heat treatment of metals, which is done to anneal, temper, or carburize and pre-treat the material for the purpose of forging. Although metals are the common materials for such treatments using industrial furnaces, there are other material (s) too that can be heated during the process of preparing them to shape, including glass and some ceramics as well. Irrespective of the material(s), an industrial furnace heats these material(s) to extreme temperatures using different fuels as well as formats. Although an industrial furnace and an oven both are used to heat material(s) for processing, yet there’s a clear-cut distinction between them. Often, these 2 different terms are referred to interchangeably for describing the heating process, but there happen to be some differences between the two; the most distinct one is the range of temperature. Typically, an industrial oven may operate from 250° F up to 900° F while an industrial furnace reaches up to the temperature of even 2000° F or maybe higher than this too.

Types of Industrial Furnaces

When these industrial furnaces first appeared many years back, their very purpose was primarily heating metals to cast, mold, and shape. From its inception, and then for several years afterward, this type of industrial furnace remained the only variety available then. As industrialization proceeded, an industrial furnace became an important part of many industrial operations, serving a variety of applications. Below is a brief description of the most common types of industrial furnaces available today. Industrial furnaces are divided into two major categories depending on the heat source: fuel-fired industrial furnaces and electric industrial furnaces, as described below: 

  • Fuel-Fired Furnaces: Fuel-fired furnaces include gas and oil furnaces, wood furnaces, and coal furnaces. These furnaces burn fuel to create heat. 
  • Electric Furnaces: Electric furnaces include resistance furnaces, induction furnaces, and arc furnaces. These furnaces use electricity to create heat. 

Where Are Industrial Furnaces Used?

Industrial furnaces are used in a variety of industries, such as metal processing, glassmaking, and ceramics. 

  • Metals Processing: Furnaces are used to melt and alloy metals, heat metals before shaping and forming them, and heat metals before treating them (heat treating). 
  • Glassmaking: Furnaces are used to melt and fuse glass. 
  • Ceramics: Furnaces are used to bake clay products, incinerate waste, and create heat for other industrial processes.

Heatcon Sensors – One of the Biggest Manufacturers of Industrial Furnaces

If you want to attain more knowledge about industrial furnaces for your application(s), you can contact the experts at Heatcon Sensors (https://mithermocouple.com/industrial-furnaces/); as it is the largest manufacturer of high-quality industrial furnaces. 

Heatcon’s Industrial Furnace (High-Temperature up to 1200℃)

Heatcon’s industrial furnaces are divided into 2 main types, as follows: 

  • Medium temperature industrial furnace (Ambient – 950℃) 
  • High-temperature industrial furnace (Ambient – 1200℃)

Features:

  • Annealing 
  • Quenching
  • Casting iron parts
  • High chromium castings 
  • Manganese steel castings
  • Aging/heat-treatments of mechanical parts
  • Used in research institutes as well as laboratories

Specifications:

  • Durable 
  • Less heat loss
  • Fiber-ceramic lining
  • Thermal efficiency is high
  • 4-sided heat device that can achieve exceptional temperature uniformity
  • Builds a silicon-carbide plate (horizontal) or a high-temp cast steel plate for the trolley
  • Clever program-temperature controller, which exists for editing & saving any multi-segment program(s) 

 

 

Tubular Heaters

Top 5 Benefits of Using High-Quality Tubular Heaters

Different Variety of Metal Sheaths Are Used to Manufacture Tubular Heaters Based on Type and Size of The Industrial Application! 

Heatcon Sensors – A Trusted Name in Manufacturing High Quality Tubular Heaters!

 

What are Tubular Heaters?

Tubular heaters are a type of resistance heater. They are made up of a metal tube that is coiled or wound into a spiral. The metal tube is then filled with a resistive material, such as Nichrome or Kanthal. The resistive material heats up when electric current is passed through it. This resistance to the flow of electricity generates heat. Use of tubular heaters is a very efficient and reliable way to generate greater amounts of heat. Such heaters are especially designed for use in industrial units and large volume appliances. They are durable and can withstand high temperatures. They are also easy to control and can be turned on and off as needed. Tubular heaters are available in a variety of shapes and sizes. The size and shape of the heater can be customized easily depending upon the industrial application it is going to be used for. 

Tubular heaters are used in a variety of applications, such as air heating, gas heating, and liquid/chemical heating processes. They are particularly well suited for industrial applications where high temperatures are needed, such as in large industrial furnaces. Tubular heaters can also be used in lower temperature applications, such as in food warmers and hair dryers. 

Different Variety of Metal Sheaths Are Used to Manufacture Tubular Heaters Based on Type and Size of The Industrial Application! 

Tubular heater’s sheath is made of metal. Metal sheaths are the most common type of sheath used in tubular heaters. They are typically made from stainless steel, Inconel, or titanium. Metal sheaths are effective at conducting heat and are also very durable.

Heatcon Sensors – A Trusted Name in Manufacturing High Quality Tubular Heaters!

Heatcon Sensors is a leading manufacturer of high-quality tubular heaters that offer many benefits. Some of the key benefits of using Heatcon’s tubular heaters include:

1.Efficiency – Tubular heaters are extremely efficient at heating larger volume operating units. They use less energy than other types of heaters, so you’ll save money on your energy bills.

2. Uniform Heat Distribution – Heatcon Sensors tubular heaters are very popular because of their characteristic even heat distribution. Thus, you need not to worry about hot and cold spots in your application.

3. Durability – Heatcon Sensors tubular heaters are built to last. They are made of high-quality materials that can withstand years of use and can easily withstand high temperatures.

4.  Safety – Heatcon’s tubular heaters are absolutely safe and are well designed to prevent any kind of accidental fires or electrical shocks.

5.  Easy to Install – Heatcon Sensors’ tubular heaters are very easy to install and are easy to operate. 

So, if you too are looking for an efficient and the most economical way to run your industrial application on the best quality tubular heaters, try contacting the experts at Heatcon Sensors who can surely help you in making the best possible selection, or customizing a tubular heater to suit your business’ application best.

Looking for high-quality tubular heaters? Look no further than Heatcon Sensors! We manufacture some of the best bobbin heaters, hot air blowers, and hygrometers in the business. Top 5 benefits of using high-quality tubular heaters manufactured by Heatcon Sensors include reliability, accuracy, supreme quality, durability and perfection! If you’re looking for a reliable and accurate way to measure temperature, Heatcon Sensors is the way to go!If you’re looking for high-quality and durable sensors for your industrial or commercial applications, you can’t go wrong with Heatcon Sensors. We offer a wide range of products including Bobbin Heaters, Hygrometers, Thermocouple Connectors, and MI Thermocouples. Plus, our thermocouple connectors are the best in the industry. With many years of experience, we are confident that we can provide you with the best sensor solution for your needs.There are two main types of thermocouple connectors: male and female. Male connectors are used to connect thermocouples to female connectors. Female connectors are used to connect thermocouples to male connectors.

 

 

Specifications of Noble Metal Thermocouples by Heatcon Sensors!

Noble Metal Thermocouples Are Well Known For Their High Accuracy And Temperature Sensitivity!

Temperature Sensitivity of R Type, S Type, and B Type of Noble Metal Thermocouples!

Top Quality Noble Metal Thermocouples by Heatcon Sensors!

 

Thermocouples are used in a wide variety of industrial applications, from measuring the temperature of industrial furnaces to measuring the temperature of molten metals. Thermocouples are generally made by joining two wires of different metals together at one end. The junction between the two wires is then heated to a high temperature to fuse the metals into a joint. There are many different types of thermocouples, but the most common types are made from metals such as platinum, rhodium, and tungsten. The different metals used in the thermocouples to form the joint, creates a voltage difference when subject to heat, and the produced voltage is proportional to the temperature difference between the two wires. This voltage can be measured using a voltmeter, and the temperature can be calculated from the produced voltage.

Noble Metal Thermocouples Are Well Known For Their High Accuracy And Temperature Sensitivity!

Noble metal thermocouples are made from a combination of two different metals, typically platinum and rhodium. These thermocouples are very accurate and stable, making them ideal for use in industrial applications where regular high-temperature measurements and high accuracy are needed. Noble metal thermocouples are much more accurate and stable than other types of thermocouples. This makes them ideal for use in applications where precise temperature measurement is critical, such as in industrial furnaces.

Temperature Sensitivity of R Type, S Type, and B Type of Noble Metal Thermocouples!

The temperature range of a noble metal thermocouple is determined by its type. There are three main types of most popular noble metal thermocouples namely R type, S type, and B type. Let’s understand in detail their different temperature sensitivities:

  • The R type has the widest temperature range, from -50 to 1400 degrees Celsius. R type thermocouples are made of platinum and rhodium. They are the most accurate and stable type of noble metal thermocouples.
  • The S type has a narrower range, from -50 to 1200 degrees Celsius. S type thermocouples are made of platinum and palladium. They are less accurate than R type thermocouples but are more resistant to corrosion on higher temperature ranges.
  • The B type has the narrowest range, from -50 to 1000 degrees Celsius. B type thermocouples are made of boron and silicon. They are the least accurate type of thermocouples but are the most resistant to high temperatures.

Top Quality Noble Metal Thermocouples by Heatcon Sensors!

If you’re looking for accurate temperature measurement readouts for your industrial appliances, you can’t go wrong when choosing the best noble metal thermocouple from Heatcon Sensors. Their thermocouples are made from the highest quality materials, and their quality manufacturing process is almost second to none. Heatcon Sensors has been manufacturing thermocouples for over the last three decades, and their experience shows in the quality of all their products. You can be surely confident about the accuracy of their thermocouples as most of their globally satisfied customers’ reviews and ratings strongly stand behind them. If you need a reliable and highly accurate temperature measurement solution, look no further than Heatcon Sensors. Contact them today to learn more about their wide range of high-quality noble metal thermocouples for your next project.

How to Choose the Most Suitable Thermocouple Type for Molten Metal Applications?

5 Most Important Factors to Consider While Choosing the Best Thermocouple for Molten Metal Appliances!

 

As we all know that thermocouples are the devices that are used to measure temperature in various and sundry appliances. There are four main types of thermocouples which are widely in use in all industry types: Type K, type S, type B, and type R. Each type has its own unique characteristics, and each is best suited for different industrial processes and applications.

The Most Widely Used Thermocouple Types & Their Respective Temperature Sensitivity Ranges!

    • Type K Thermocouples: K type thermocouples are most widely used in industrial applications. Made of chromel and alumel, these are resistant to oxidation and corrosion. They can be used in a wide range of temperatures, from -200 to +1250 degrees Celsius.
    • Type S Thermocouples: These are made of pure platinum and purer gold. They are the most accurate type of thermocouple, but they are also the most expensive. They are best suited for high-temperature applications, from 0 to +1500 degrees Celsius.
    • Type B Thermocouples: Such thermocouples are made of boron-doped silicon and tungsten. They are less accurate than type S thermocouples, but they can be used in a wider range of temperatures, from 600 to +1800 degrees Celsius.
    • Type R Thermocouples: These are made of platinum and rhodium. They are the least expensive type of thermocouple, and they are best suited for low-temperature applications, from 0 to +1500 degrees Celsius.

5 Most Important Factors to Consider While Choosing the Best Thermocouple for Molten Metal Appliances!

If you’re looking for a thermocouple for a molten metal appliance, there are a few important factors to consider as follows: 

  1. Choose One That Will Work The Best: You need to decide which type of thermocouple is the best for your particular application. There are four main types of thermocouples as discussed above. Each type has its own merits and demerits, so it’s very important to choose the best one that will be most suitable to match your needs. 
  2. Consider Temperature Range: Another important factor to consider is the temperature range. Thermocouples are rated for different temperature ranges, so you need to make sure you choose one that is rated for the temperatures you’ll be measuring. 
  3. Consider The Area to be Measured and Choose The Appropriate Size Sensor: Depending on the area to be measured, one at a time or multiple areas simultaneously as in the entire furnace, it is essential to use an appropriate size sensor.  
  4. Cost of Thermocouple: Most thermocouples have two components with the exception of some industrial thermocouples which are relatively costlier and are available as one single component. Your process may need only the top component which will be sufficient to do the trick for you.  
  5. Environment of Operational Area: Finally, you need to think about the environment in which the thermocouple will be used. Some thermocouples are better suited for harsh environments than others. Make sure you choose a thermocouple that can withstand the conditions it will be exposed to.

 

By considering the above listed factors, you can be sure to choose the right thermocouple for your molten metal appliance. If you’re still not sure which thermocouple will work best for your molten metal appliance, talk to the experts at Heatcon Sensors who will be more than willing to help you with any of your queries related to choosing the best thermocouple for your industrial process.

Hygrometers are used to measure the humidity in the air. When it comes to choosing the most suitable thermocouple type for molten metal applications, there are a few key factors to consider. The first is the operating temperature range. This is important because it will dictate the type of thermocouple that can be used. The second factor is the accuracy required. This will impact the choice of thermocouple material. The third factor is the response time. This is important because it will determine how quickly the temperature can be measured. RTD vs Thermocouple: Thermocouples and RTDs are both electronic devices that measure temperature by sensing a change in resistance or voltage, respectively. If you are encountering thermocouple failure modes in your application, may be your Thermocouple needs replacement. There are many different types of thermocouples, each with its own unique set of characteristics. So, which one would be the rightest for your type of application? Well! Heatcon can be the answer! Heatcon Sensors offers a wide range of products including chemical immersion heater, thermocouple connector, etc. Thermocouple connectors are used to connect thermocouples to other devices, such as controllers or displays.

 

 

What is a Cartridge Heater and How Do They Work?

How a Cartridge Heater Works

Insertion Point

Cartridge Heater Diameter

Heated Length

Temperature

A cartridge heater refers to a cylindrical tubular device that is used while heating in order to provide accurate and compressed heating for several distinct forms of equipment, machinery and materials. When set side by side with an immersion heater, in terms of furnishing internal radiant heat, a cartridge heater is usually inserted inside a hole that is already provided in the item that is undergoing heating. They are required for providing precisely directed localised heating for a wide range of manufacturing processes.

Cartridge heaters make the task of installation pretty simple and straight-forward while also offering an even heat pattern in order to meet the requirements that have been already preset in the application. To simplify the process of installation, heaters are designed with a slightly smaller diameter in comparison with the hole into which they are going to be placed or installed so that it gives a snug tight fit.

The cartridge heaters are widely used to heat up the metal blocks from the inside at a predetermined wattage so that the requirements or demands of the application can be met. During the process of heating metal blocks, taking the measurement of a diameter to be faintly larger than the size of the cartridge heater, a hole is drilled into the piece.

How a Cartridge Heater Works

It is possible for operating wattage in terms of cartridge heaters to be either low, medium, or high. They are made or designed in such a manner that they can easily endure temperatures of up to 760° C / 1400° F. Cartridge heaters have immense usability as they are adequately concentrated and provide localised heat precisely in order to meet the requirements of a wide range of manufacturing applications.

Insertion Point

To start using the cartridge heater it first needs to be inserted into the point of insertion.  An insertion point or port is made available on the device going to be subjected to heat when using heavy duty cartridge heaters. Similarly, holes are drilled when using metal blocks and metal molds.

In case of heating objects that are uniform in shape, a hole is drilled in the cartridge heater in order to provide the most radiant heat. When it comes to complex molds and other equally complex machinery, the placement of the hole seems to get a notch more complicated and could require precise planning ahead of time.

Cartridge Heater Diameter

A very important thing to keep in mind while considering the placement of a cartridge heater is that it mainly depends on the diameter of the hole that it is going to be placed in. To avoid further confusion, it is advised to follow a basic rule that the diameter of the heater is undersized (by 0.004 inches) when speaking about its relation with the hole where it is being placed.

Heated Length

The heated length means the length of the cartridge heater excluding the portion that remains unheated. It is important to note that the length that is heated must be the same as the length of the item that is being heated if achieving optimal performance is on your mind. Any part that is left unheated will initially result in hot spots and may eventually cause the entire heater to fail. The standard that is used for optimal efficiency in terms of high-density cartridge heaters is 6 mm towards the disc end and around 10 mm towards the lead end. A heater that has an overall length of 152 mm would have around 136.5 mm of its length heated.

Temperature

The application for which the cartridge heater is being used is the deciding factor for the temperature at which a cartridge heater would be operated. There are several factors that may have an influence on the operating temperature, like, thermal conductivity, its ability to tightly fit inside the hole, along with watt density of the material that is being subjected to heat. There is a requirement for a special electrical terminal, in cases when cartridge heaters are being used at high temperatures.

With over 30 years of expertise in temperature sensor and heater manufacturing, Heatcon Sensors provides a high level of quality, accuracy, and an unbeatable commitment to customer support.

What is a Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD)? Understanding RTD Types, Styles, Power Supply, Transmission and Wiring Arrangements

RTD Types

RTD Styles

RTD Wiring Arrangements

Power Supply for RTD

Transmission of RTD signals

Advantages

Disadvantages

A resistance temperature detector (RTD) also known as resistance thermometer because it helps in measuring temperature which is a measure of the output resistance.

The elementary operation of an RTD is that with decreases or increases in the temperature of an object, the resistance must also decrease or increase proportionally. The main differentiator between a Thermistor and a RTD is that, a thermistor utilises a polymer or ceramic material when it comes  to sensing, whereas the sensing element utilised in an RTD is a metal. As platinum is the most widely used metal in the field of manufacturing RTD’s, the device is also called Platinum Resistance Thermometers (PRTs).

RTD Types

RTDs can be classified broadly depending on the different sensing elements that have been used. Copper, Platinum, and Nickel are the most widely used sensing elements. Among these, Platinum is regarded the best as it has the widest temperature range. Platinum type RTD is also well known for its interchange ability when compared with nickel and copper and also offers the highest time stability. It is also possible to use PRTs in unsuitable environments where reducing atmospheric metallic vapours is the priority. PRTs have extensive use cases in industrial applications; as a PRT can help in measuring temperatures that are as high as 600℃, while Nickel and Copper only have a limit of measuring temperatures to a maximum of 400℃.

RTD Styles

RTDs are manufactured and are made available in several options with single, double, or even triple windings, each one separated electrically. To allow two independent measuring circuits to track or measure the same temperature it is important to use more than one winding, this also permits more than one measurement to be done by only installing a single sensor. Nevertheless, to increase both the conduction error along with the response time, extra mass has been introduced to the sensor by the addition of windings along with encapsulating materials, and their associated support. This process of utilising separate sensors provides mechanical independence during maintenance.

RTDs are usually a tip-sensitive, spring-loaded construction that has a 1/4-inch-diameter sheath.

RTD Wiring Arrangements

RTDs are available with either two, three, or four output wires that are required in order to connect to the secondary instrument.  The different wiring arrangements are specifically designed in order to reduce or completely get rid of any errors that could have been introduced as a result of resistance changes of the lead wires due to changes in temperature that they too have to experience. 

Generally, a three-wire or a four-wire system that has paired lead wires is used in RTDs that are in electrical equipment.

In most cases, Copper is the best choice in terms of lead wires for all the arrangements. For a particular RTD, the lead wires have the same length and are of the same gauge, this helps in ensuring they run within the same conduit.

Power Supply for RTD

There is a need for an electric DC power supply in order to provide current to the resistance­ measuring circuit. A secondary instrument is generally utilised  in applying the required power supply. In some cases, when the secondary instrument happens to be a transmitter providing a current output of (4-20) mA, then the resulting power is generally carried using two output wires of the transmitter.

Transmission of RTD signals

Among all the instruments used for transmitting RTD signals, the transmitter is the most widely used. It is possible to mount a transmitter either locally, or even on an enclosed rack. A local transmitter can be supplied along with it as a complete assembly by simply mounting it on a Thermowell. Among the many popular RTDs used, the “Smart” transmitter is the most widely used RTD transmitter.  In the case of a typical “Smart” temperature transmitter its is extraordinarily versatile: it is appropriate for Nickel and Platinum RTDs; 100, 200, or 500 ohm Platinum sensors, etc; 2, 3, or 4 lead wire arrangements. It is possible to use the same instrument as a thermocouple transmitter, which is compatible with any thermocouple combination that is available commercially.

Advantages

    • Sufficiently suitable for measurements that are remote 
    • Provides high accuracy
    • Helps in the measurement of very narrow spans
    • Amazing stability along with reproducibility 
    • Also offers Interchangeability
    • Has the capability of matching close tolerances in case of temperature difference measurements.

Disadvantages

    • It can be sensitive to signal noise
    • Sensitive in terms of mechanical damage
    • It can cost a lot
    • Lead wire resistance compensation is needed 
    • It is sensitive to self-heating errors
    • Once damaged, it is not repairable in most cases
    • It is not recommended for bare use inside electrically conducting substance
    • There is always a need for a Power supply.

With over three decades of expertise in temperature sensor and heater manufacturing, Heatcon Sensors provides a high level of quality, accuracy, and an unbeatable commitment to customer support.

If you are interested in knowing more about thermocouples, thermocouple probes or thermocouple wires that we manufacture, and also of the other services we offer, please feel free to call us on (+91- 9844233244).